我们该怎样呵护“留守的一代” How do we care“Left-behind generation”

　　又到一年暑假，留守儿童过得怎么样了？近日，记者前往留守儿童较多的徐州和“迁徙儿童”较多的苏州探访，对比发现，假期生活折射出留守儿童这个特殊群体新的成长困境，需要社会给予更多关爱。

And to a year summer vacation，Left-behind children lead how？recently，This reporter went to left-behind children more xuzhou and“Migration children”More suzhou visiting，Contrast found，Holidays reflects the left-behind children this special group new growth trouble，Need for more social care。

走了几里路，与爸妈视频聊天 Walked a few miles，And parents video chat

　　记者在徐州市铜山区房村镇鹿台村采访时见到，7岁的刘梦晴正在和同伴们搭积木，8岁的哥哥刘少龙盯着电视看动画片，60多岁的爷爷则在一边忙农活。

Reporter in xuzhou tongshan area room deer station village village in an interview to see，The age of seven LiuMengQing are the building blocks and companions，8 years old brother LiuShaoLong staring at the television see animation，More than 60 years old grandpa is busy in side farm work。

　　“暑假怎么过啊？”面对记者的提问，刘梦晴想了好一会才回答：“写完作业看电视，看完电视捉迷藏。”“除了这些呢？”看了看同伴，小刘露出少有的笑容，“没了。”一旁的爷爷责怪道：“一天到晚就知道到处跑”。

“How summer vacation？”Face reporters' questions，LiuMengQing think for a moment before he answered：“Finish the homework to watch TV，Watching TV hide and seek。”“In addition to these?？”Looked at the companion，Xiao liu show little smile，“Didn't。”One side of my grandpa blame way：“A day to night will know that around”。

　　当问到是否想爸妈时，刘梦晴看了看爷爷轻声说道：“想，他们回来会给我买好吃的。”但是，小刘的父母在外打工，每年就春节回来，十天半月才能打个电话回家。

When asked whether you want to parents，LiuMengQing looked at grandpa said quietly：“Want to，They will come back to me to buy delicious。”but，Xiao liu parents working outside，Come back each year Spring Festival，Ten days and half months to call home。

　　“过完年，爸妈就到无锡打工去了。”暑假过后就读小学2年级的刘佳慧说，今年“五一”，她特地走了几里路到姑姑家，通过QQ与爸妈视频聊天。“孩子大了，想法也多了，心里有‘疙瘩’有时也不告诉我们。”奶奶谢书青感叹道：“照顾孩子责任大啊”。

“Over the years，My parents went to work to wuxi。”After the summer vacation at the primary school is grade 2 LiuJiaHui said，This year“May 1”，She walked a few miles specially to her aunt's home，Through the QQ video chat with my parents。“The children，Idea more，Heart have‘A knot in one's heart’Sometimes it can tell us。”Grandma XieShuQing sighed：“Big responsibility to take care of the children”。

　　鹿台村的留守儿童有60多名，而在整个房村镇5400名中小学生中，51%的是留守儿童，且留守小学生多于高中生。房村镇团委书记陶燕告诉记者，“农村里面流行一句顺口溜父母在远方、身边无爹娘、读书无人管、心里闷得慌、安全无保障、生活没希望。”

The deer station village of left-behind children have 60，And in the room 5400 primary and middle school students in town，51% is left-behind children，And staying more than high school pupils。Room TaoYan youth corps committee secretary of villages, told reporters，“Inside a ShunKouLiu popular rural parents in the distance、Side without parents、Read no one tube、Heart bored、Safety and no guarantee、Life didn't want。”

　　隔代抚养重视是否吃饱穿暖，却忽略沟通交流，留守儿童的心理问题长期得不到疏导。大学生村官郭昊承刚到鹿台村工作时，家访发现有位小孩父母离异，爷爷奶奶外出做零活，小孩一个人在家看电视。“小孩与人交流时，流露出很强的惧怕感。”郭昊承请来邻村一名学心理学的大学生村官，确认小孩有自闭症，主要原因就是太孤独，生活太单一，经过一段时间的心理疏导，才逐渐开朗起来。

Every generation raised pay attention to whether eat satisfied wear warm，But ignore communication，Left-behind children of psychological problems long-term get counseling。College students GuoHaoCheng village officials just to deer station village work，The family visit found a child parents divorced，Grandpa's grandmother go out to do a job，Children at home watching TV。“The child when communicating with people，Show strong sense of fear。”GuoHaoCheng invited the psychology of the college students a nearby villages hsun village heads，Confirm the child have autism，The main reason is that so lonely，Life is too single，After a period of psychological counseling，It gradually clear up。

“读书无用”抬头，辍学时有发生 “Reading useless”Looked up，School often happened

　　苏州高新区新升实验小学教师陈希带两个班的课程，其中一个班2/3的学生都是“迁徙儿童”来自苏中苏北，父母在苏州打工多年。“这些小孩都有‘短腿’，英语成绩最薄弱，特别是发音不标准。”陈希说。

Suzhou high-tech zone experiment elementary school teachers/ChenXi take two classes of the course，One of the class is two-thirds of them“Migration children”From the middle of jiangsu province，Parents work in suzhou for many years。“These kids have‘short’，English scores the most vulnerable，Especially don't have standard pronunciation。”ChenXi said。

　　“迁徙儿童”享受苏南教育资源，有望缩短与城市孩子的差距，苏北留守儿童则较难改变现状。“村小学老师的年龄都在50岁上下，有个本科毕业的老师都算稀奇。”房村镇一所村小学的负责人介绍，英语、体育、音乐等科目的教师是配备了，但老师的教学视野、教学内容都很难与城里相比。一位乡村老师告诉记者，自己的英语都很难读准，每次都有误人子弟的愧疚感。

“Migration children”Enjoy southern jiangsu education resources，Is expected to shorten the gap between the city and the children，It was difficult to northern left-behind children to change the situation。“Village elementary school teacher age of 50 years old and neck，There is a undergraduate course graduation teacher is rare。”Villages in the room a village elementary school of chief introduction，English、sports、Music subjects such as the teacher is equipped with......，But the teacher's teaching field of vision、The teaching content and the city are difficult to compare。A rural teacher told reporters，His English is hard to read accurately，Every time have perpetuated this misunderstanding to guilt。

　　“碰到不懂的学习问题怎么办？”很多孩子模模糊糊地回答问别人，但具体问谁他们也说不上来。“留守儿童80%的由爷爷奶奶或外公外婆抚养，20%的托付给亲戚朋友监护。小学三年级以上的学习难题，就能难倒村里多数大人。”郭昊承坦言。

“Encountered do not understand the problems in learning how to do？”Many children vaguely answer ask others，But the specific ask who they can say。“Left-behind children of 80% by grandparents or maternal grandparents raising，20% of the entrusted to relatives and friends watched。The primary school is grade three more learning problems，Can beats the village most adults。”GuoHaoCheng said。

　　记者采访发现，受当前社会就业不景气、教育成本居高不下等影响，“读书无用”在苏北农村抬头，一些家长默许甚至纵容孩子的辍学行为。

Reporters found，The current social employment by the recession、Education costs such as high impact，“Reading useless”In the northern jiangsu province rural looked up，Some parents spoil their children drop out of acquiescence even behavior。

　　“留守儿童一旦辍学打工，他们的心理失落会比父辈更为强烈。他们希望留在城市，但能力又不太适应，所以心理失落更加剧烈。”苏州高新区一名基层法官介绍，“心理的剧烈失落，往往成为违法犯罪的诱因”。

“Left-behind children once school work，Their psychological lost than parents more strongly。They want to stay in the city，But ability and not too orientation，So the psychological lost more intense。”Suzhou high-tech zone a local judges is introduced，“The intensity of the psychological frustrated，Often becomes the illegal crime triggers”。

社会暖手相扶，化解“断乳”难题 Social warm up palm reading，dissolve“DuanRu”problem

　　如何解决农村留守儿童“社会性断乳”问题？

How to solve the left-behind children“Social DuanRu”question？

　　记者采访时，正巧碰到6岁的赵珑斌在苏州高新区新狮社区上美术兴趣课，一起上课的还有10多名苏州本地小孩。小赵的老家在连云港赣榆县，前几年跟着父母到苏州上小学，成为“新苏州人”。省政府研究室社会处处长沈和认为，实现不再留守，只有两种方式，第一种是实现农村人口就地就业，第二种是留守儿童随父母一起到外出务工的地方生活。“目前，全部到父母身边，苏南这样的地方也接纳不了，应该着眼于就地化解难题”。

A reporter to interview，Happened to run into 6 years of age in suzhou new district ZhaoLong added new puma community art XingCuKe，With the class and more than 10 suzhou local children。Little zhao4 zi3 hometown in lianyungang GanYuXian，Before a few years follow my parents to suzhou elementary school，become“New a from suzhou”。The provincial government laboratory society long shen and think everywhere，Realize no longer stay，Only two ways，The first is to realize the rural population in situ employment，The second is left-behind children together with the parents of the migrant workers to place to live。“At present，All to his parents，Southern jiangsu such place also accepted，Should focus on local resolve problems”。

　　这与郭昊承的想法不谋而合。最近，他与人合资承包了40亩地养猪，初期可以聘用10名当地村民。“养猪不需要24小时工作，老人们不需要出去打零工了，在挣工资的同时也有更多时间照顾小孩。”郭承昊希望创办更多产业项目，帮助更多“城乡两栖、往返流动”的村民在家门口就业致富，逐步减少留守儿童比例。

This GuoHaoCheng with the same view。recent，He contracted for 40 acres joint venture to raise more pigs，Initial can employ 10 local villagers。“Pigs do not need to 24 hours，Old people don't need to go out the odd jobs，In the salaried also have more time to take care of children。”GuoChengHao wanted to create more industry project，Help more“Urban and rural amphibious、Flow back and forth”Villagers in the home employment to become rich，Gradually reduces the left-behind children proportion。

　　最近，房村镇藏书1300多册的图书馆开馆。“房村镇有20个行政村，孩子们到镇上借书要跑很远的路，必须得家长带着。”陶燕说。

recent，Room 1300 of the town library book the library。“Room there are 20 villages administrative villages，The children in the town to borrow books will run a long way，Parents must be with。”TaoYan said。

　　但房村镇负责人坦言，建这个图书馆已让镇里捉襟见肘，像苏南那样每个社区建个图书馆我们不敢奢想。对此，苏州高新区新狮社区居委会主任周敏认为，对于苏北而言，最好有社会机构和志愿者提供资助，建立一些小型的村级图书室、活动室，给孩子们开设一些兴趣班、组织一些夏令营活动。政府部门则应完善支教工作。当地的教育、卫生、司法等部门也可以与留守儿童“结对子”，给孩子更多关怀。(记者 黄 伟)

But room of villages said，This library has let town built under，Like southern jiangsu that each community built a library we dare not ShaXiang。this，Suzhou high-tech zone, director of the community residents' committees that zhou min，As for the northern jiangsu province，Had better have social institutions and volunteers to provide funding，Establishing some small village library、Activity room，Give the children some programmes will open、Organization some camp。The government department concerned should perfect the education work。The local education、health、Judicial departments can also with left-behind children“sets”，Give children more care。(Reporter huang wei)