听证制度被引入 The hearing system is introduced

　　事实上，听证制度随后确实在一些高校被引入。

In fact，The hearing system and then do in some university was introduced。

　　2005年5月16日，中南财经政法大学大一学生郑某和童某均因涉嫌盗窃同寝室同学的物品，被学校勒令退学。两名学生随后向“学生申诉处理委员会”递交了申诉书，他们表示，之所以拿同学东西，只是为了对存在矛盾的同寝室同学进行报复，并非存心要将别人的财物据为己有。他们认为学校的处分过重。

May 16, 2005，Central south university freshmen ZhengMou financial law and a child were for suspected theft of students with bedroom items，The school was suspended from school。Two students to then“Students appeal commission”Filed complaints reported，They say，The students take things，Just for the contradiction of the bedroom students for revenge，Not intend to other people's property in his pocket。They felt that the sanctions are overweight。

　　中南财大学生申诉处理委员会接到申诉后，委派了时任宪法与行政法系主任、博士生导师石佑启教授和刑事司法学院教授童德华牵头组成了法学专家小组，让两人按照程序负责对此事展开调查。

Zhongnan filthy students commission after receiving the appeal，Appointed the head of department of constitution and administration law then、Doctoral tutor ShiYouQi professors and criminal judicial institute professor TongDeHua lead formed legal experts group，Let two people in accordance with the procedures of the matter is responsible for the investigation。

　　童德华告诉中国青年报记者，他们当时分别找到两位申诉人及其班主任、同学、受害者，全面了解相关情况，并且还主持召开了听证会。听证会由学生申诉处理委员会全体委员和教师、学生代表一共14人参加，整整进行了一上午。

TongDeHua told the China youth daily reporter，They had found the two the plaintiff and respectively the teacher in charge、students、victims，Full understanding of the relevant facts，And also chaired the hearings。The appeal hearing by the students and teachers of the whole commission、Student representative altogether 14 people to attend，The whole morning。

　　“两名学生究竟是泄愤还是故意侵占，在证据认定上很为难，但考虑到两人能主动坦白问题，承认错误，并且积极予以赔偿，还是决定给他们一次改过自新的机会。”童德华说，学校校务会在听取了学生申诉处理委员会的意见后，撤销了“勒令退学”的决定，给予两名学生留校察看一年的处分。

“Two students feel what is intentionally or occupation，In the evidence on that very difficult，But considering two people can be active frank problem，Admit a mistake，And positive gives compensation，Decided to give them a chance to turn over a new leaf。”TongDeHua said，The school will listen to the students in school affairs commission after the opinions of the appeal，withdrew“Suspended from school”decision，Given two students a year of probation disciplinary action。

　　报道显示，2005年11月，武汉科技大学中南分校也举行过类似的听证会。该校微积分补考中，有8名学生存在请人替考的行为，这8名同学面临被开除学籍的处分，8人随后向学校学生申诉处理委员会提出申诉。11月18日，该校首次学生考试违纪处分听证召开，有150人参加听证，一共开了3个小时。最终，6名学生被留校察看，1名学生被开除学籍，1名学生被退学。

report，November 2005，Wuhan university of science and technology, south held a similar hearing also。The school calculus in the make-up exam，There are eight students are please people TiKao behavior，The eight students face being expelled punishment，8 then to school students appeal commission complaint。November 18,，Students at the school for the first time the exam disciplinary hearing was held，There are 150 people attend the hearing，Total lasted 3 hours。finally，Six students to the probation，1 student being expelled，1 students drop out of school。

　　童德华说，可能跟学校是政法专业的有关系，中南财大在处理这类问题上程序意识很强，也非常注意证据固定。“比如考试，每次监考前，学校都会组织监考老师学习如何应对各种问题，面对考试舞弊现象，详细讲解如何调查取证，如果固定证据等。总之，对学生的处罚决定一定要经得起推敲。”

TongDeHua said，May with the school is a professional relationship of politics and law，In the south the wealth to handle this kind of problem consciousness very strong program，Also very attention fixed evidence。“For example exam，Every time before invigilation，Can the school organization learning how to deal with the supervisor of problem，Facing the test corrupt phenomenon，Detailed how explain investigation and evidence collection，If fixed evidence, etc。In short，Decisions of punishment to the student must withstand scrutiny。”

　　近年来，处分学生时进行听证在一些地方已经形成了相关制度，如北京市教委在2005年颁布的《关于普通高等学校学生违纪处分程序的若干规定(试行)》就单独列出一章“听证”，规定“学校拟对学生处以开除学籍处分时，应当书面告知拟被处分学生有要求听证的权利。”

In recent years，A hearing on the punishment student in some places have already formed the relevant system，Such as the Beijing municipal education commission was passed in 2005《About ordinary college students' disciplinary procedures provisions(trial)》It listed chapter“hearing”，provisions“School for students to impose sanctions are expelled from school，Shall inform the students have to be sanctions for a hearing right。”

　　李鹏告诉记者，李放被处分后，郑州航院也进行了听证，只是听证放在了处分之后。

Li told reporters，After LiFang was sanctions，Zhengzhou navigation and court hearing，Just hearing on the sanctions later。

　　湛中乐教授认为，学生校内申诉这样类似于听证的程序，应该放在处分学生前进行，以此保证作出的处分公平公正。“决定一旦形成，学校要改过来，就像自己要打自己耳光一样困难了。为了防止学生无休止地申诉甚至诉讼，前面的程序应该做得更细致、扎实一些。”

Zhan of music professor considered，Students so similar to the appeal of the hearing program，Should be in the sanctions before the students，To make a fair and the sanctions。“Decided that once formed，The school to change it，Just like I want to play compared to the same difficult。In order to prevent students from the endless appeal even litigation，In front of the program should do more meticulous、Solid some。”

司法监督可促进学校更依法治校 Judicial supervision and can promote more lawful management school

　　学生因不服处分而选择向法院起诉，也引起了一些思考。有人就提出，外部权力以司法的名义干涉大学的独立，对学术自由与独立是否会产生某种不良影响。

Students and the choice is not because of sanctions to the court，Also caused some thoughts。Someone is put forward，External power in the name of the university of interference by the judicial independence，On the academic freedom and independence if will have some bad influence。

　　司法该不该就处分学生的问题对学校进行程序上的审查和监督？该如何监督？湛中乐表示，这些问题，关系到如何处理教育中的自主权、行政权和司法权的关系。

The students should dispose the judicial questions about school on the examination and supervision program？How to supervise？Zhan said of music，These problems，How to handle the related to education autonomy、The administrative power and judicial power of the relationship。

　　他认为，法院对学校的监督对学校而言利大于弊。因为这种监督可以促使学校反省、审视自己不合理的规章制度，做到更加依法治校，也更加重视学生的权利。学校在关系学生切身利益问题上，能因此真正回归学生本位。

He thinks，Court to the school to school in supervision outweigh the costs。Because this kind of supervision and can make schools reflection、Look at yourself and unreasonable rules，Do more lawful management，Also pay more attention to students' rights。School students interests in relationship problems，Can therefore real return to its students。

　　孙雅申说，打完田永诉北科大官司后，他认识到此案的价值在于可以让大学抛弃“家长式思维”，“以前大学总把自己当做行政主体，想出台什么规定就出台什么规定，想作出什么处分就作出什么处分，从来不考虑是否适应相关法律法规，程序上也一团糟，事后再找就不认账了。有了司法监督以后，学校不敢随便处分学生了，学生在受到不利处分后，也知道要依法维护自己的权利了”。

The sun ShenShui，After TianYong lawsuit after BeiKeDa lawsuit，He realized the value of the case is that it can let university abandoned“Patriarchal thought”，“Before his university always as administrative subject，Want to come on stage what regulation is issued what regulation，Want to make what sanctions to what punishment，Never think about whether to get used to the relevant laws and regulations，The program also is in a mess，Afterwards find it not to recognize。A judicial supervision and later，School students dare not to sanction，The students are in after adverse actions，Also know to maintain their own rights according to law”。

　　21世纪教育研究院副院长熊丙奇表示，在国内，一名学生在求学期间被退学或者开除学籍，就几乎等同于被剥夺了受高等教育的权利。“这种处罚是非常严厉的，如果学校的处理不公平合理的话，学生完全有理由通过司法途径维护自己的权利。”

21 century education institute, vice President of the XiongBingJi said，In the domestic，A student in the study kicked out of school or expulsion from the university，Is almost equal to be deprived of the right to higher education。“This kind of penalty is very severe，If the school processing is not fair words，Students have every reason to through the judicial means for safeguarding their rights。”

　　童德华针对郑州航院的案例也评价认为，不论是何种处分，一定要给学生申诉机会。“没有法律依据的，就是学校的禁区”。

In the court of the navigation TongDeHua zhengzhou case also evaluation think，No matter what kind of sanctions，Be sure to give students the opportunity。“No legal basis，Is the school's penalty area”。

　　但不是学校所有的问题都适合司法监督，像刘燕文诉北京大学案，就体现了案情的复杂性与学校多种运行程序的碰撞，湛中乐认为，对于学生的申诉，在实践操作中应多元处理。学校能处理的不推到校外，需要校外来解决的，可以考虑成立专门的类似行政仲裁机构的学生申诉处理机构处理，如果该机构仍没法解决学生的申诉，法院应当予以受理。

But not all of the school problems are suited for judicial supervision，Like LiuYanWen lawsuit in Beijing university，Reflected the complexity of the case with many kinds of operation procedure the collision of a school，Zhan of music that，The appeal for students，In the practice should be multiple processing。The school can do not push to campus，Need to solve outside，Can consider to set up the special administrative arbitration institution of the students like the processing orgnaization processing，If the agency is still can't solve students' appeal，The court shall accept it。

　　(中国青年报)

(China youth daily)

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