近期，高校新生开始报到，又一批新生将走进大学校园，开始全新的大学生活。新的起点也预示着无数的未知可能。对于大一新生来说，走进陌生的校园，该如何调度学校的资源，为自己打开一条全新的发展道路？

recent，Freshmen began to report for duty，And a number of new will into the university campus，Start a new university life。The new starting point indicating the countless unknown may。For freshmen speaking，Into the strange campus，How to schedule the school resources，For his open a new path of development？

　　

新生机会1：创业 New opportunity to 1：venture

　　

教育部要求高校开设“创业基础”必修课 The ministry of education for colleges and universities“Venture basis”Compulsory course

　　进入大学，很多学生怀揣着梦想，从这里起航。近年来，随着数字时代的兴起，“创业”这个词也与学生越拉越近。各种支持鼓励创业的政策频出，企业及各种投资主体走进校园，学校、企业等各方给与创业资金支持……使得大学生在校期间即试水创业之路的人群越来越多。

Enter the university，Many students always cherished dreams，Set sail from here。In recent years，With the rise of the digital age，“venture”The word also and students more pull closer。All kinds of support to encourage entrepreneurship policy PinChu，Enterprise and all kinds of main body of investment into the campus，The school、Enterprise all parties to venture capital support……Make college students during the period of school namely test the waters of the road of business people more and more。

　　如何促进大学生就业是时下最受关注的热点之一，日前，教育部印发了《普通本科学校创业教育教学基本要求（试行）》，依照教育部的要求，各高校应创造条件，面向全体学生单独开设“创业基础”必修课；明确职能部门，负责研究制订创业教育教学工作的规划和相关制度，统筹协调和组织学校创业教育教学工作；根据专任为主、专兼结合的原则，按照学生人数以及实际教学任务，合理核定专任教师编制，配备足够数量和较高质量的创业教育专任教师。

How to promote the university students' employment is nowadays one of the hot spot of the most concern，a，Issued by the ministry of education has《Ordinary undergraduate course school entrepreneurship education teaching basic requirements（trial）》，In accordance with the requirements of the ministry of education，Universities should create conditions，Facing all students to open alone“Venture basis”Compulsory course；Clear functional departments，Responsible for research and develop venture education teaching work of planning and relevant system，Overall coordination and organization school entrepreneurship education teaching work；Mainly according to the full-time、The principle of ZhuanJian combination，According to the number of students and the actual teaching task，Reasonable full-time teachers prepare check and ratify，Equipped with a sufficient number and higher quality of entrepreneurship education full-time teachers。

　　大学先学创业课程毕业就当老板

University first to learn business course graduation when the boss

　　其实，对大学生来说，创业的机会早就“潜藏”在各大院校中。近年来，很多大学通过开办创业讲座、创新型比赛、邀请创业家走进学校做导师等多种渠道引导和鼓励大学生创业。这其中，浙江的几大院校首当其冲，很多学生在校期间就做到了淘宝的皇冠。

In fact，For college students to，Entrepreneurial opportunity already“hidden”In the universities and colleges。In recent years，Many colleges and universities through the open entrepreneurship lectures、Innovative game、Invite entrepreneurs do into the school teacher and so on the many kinds of channel guide and encourage the students in business。the，Zhejiang few colleges and universities bear the brunt，A lot of students during the period of school did taobao crown。

　　据了解，温州大学瓯江学院为此专门开出淘宝网上创业培养班。在温州里仁信息职业技术学校，更是开设了“淘宝网络创业”专业。三年中，该专业的学生除了要学习一年的公共文化课程之外，要学习一系列与“淘宝”有关的专业知识，如店铺管理、货源管理、网店宣传技巧、宝贝拍摄技巧、网络沟通技巧等。

It is understood，Wenzhou university college of the oujiang river specially open taobao entrepreneurial training class。In wenzhou in kernel information vocational and technical schools，Is opened“Taobao network business”professional。Three years，The students study for a year in addition to the public culture outside course，To learn with a series“taobao”Relevant professional knowledge，Such as shop management、Supply management、Online propaganda techniques、Baby shooting skills、Network communication skills, etc。

　　位于浙江的义乌商学院是一所高职院校。不过在一些学子心中，这里是创业者的乐园。该校发挥义乌国际小商品城的区位优势，推出“淘宝创业班”，淘宝开店月均收入达到2000元人民币以上或相应信用值的学生可入选该班，享受学分、评优等优惠。该班级培养目标为：大二实现月人均收入5000元人民币，大三结束时增至1万元人民币。据统计，该校四分之一在校生创业，60%的人生活费自理，网店级别可代替学分，已培养出多名“90后”百万富翁。

Is located in the zhejiang yiwu business school is a higher vocational colleges。But in some students heart，Here is the paradise of entrepreneurs。The school play yiwu international small commodity city location advantage，launched“Taobao entrepreneurial class”，Clean out treasure to open a shop the average monthly income amounted to 2000 yuan or corresponding credit value to students in this class，Enjoy credits、Recommendation and preferential。This class training target for：To realize two months per capita income is 5000 yuan RMB，At the end of three to 10000 yuan RMB。According to the statistics，The school students undertaking a quarter，60% of the people living expenses themselves，Shop level can replace credits，Has cultivated more than“After 90”millionaire。

　　

新生机会2：跨校选课 New chance 2：A cross-institutional

　　

可跨校选修，获得另一高校的第二专业证书 Can span school elective，Get another university second professional certificate

　　据悉，在上海、北京等地，高校之间有跨校合作，比如上海西南片高校和东南片高校，以及松江大学城均推出了跨校选课。

It is reported，In Shanghai、Beijing, etc，The cross between school cooperation，Such as Shanghai southwest piece of university and southeast university piece，And songjiang university town are launched a cross-institutional。

　　一个学生在一所学校读书，可以跨校选修另一校开出的课程，获得规定的课程学分，可以拿到这所学校的专业证书。同济大学教务处长廖宗廷教授表示，跨校选修第二专业，这是让学生学习自己喜欢专业的好机会，但从近年的情况分析，最终修完课程学分，拿到证书的学生并不多，其中一个原因是，很多学生觉得在学校间奔波太辛苦，很难坚持下去。

A student in a school，Can span school take another school open courses，The provisions of the credit for the course，Can get the school of professional certificate。Tongji university dean of studies LiaoZongTing professor said，Cross-university take the second professional，This is to let the students learn to like professional good opportunity，But in the recent situation analysis，Finally completed the course credits，Get the students certificate is not much，One of the reasons is，Many students feel in the school room on the run too hard，Hard to hold on。

　　上海对外贸易学院招办负责人谈华介绍：“我们学校开通了跨校辅修的渠道，自二年级开始，学生可以报名与自己本专业不同学科门类的辅修专业进行修读，修满规定学分，可获得相应的辅修学位证书。学校目前开出的专业包括国际经济与贸易、金融学（国际银行业务方向）、会计学（国际会计方向）等近十个专业。”

Shanghai institute of foreign trade in China manages the talk is introduced：“Our school opened cross-university minor channel，Since the second grade began，Students can sign up with their different subjects of this major categories for minor professional study，Full credit repair provisions，Can obtain corresponding minor degree certificate。Schools are now open the professional including international economy and trade、finance（The international banking direction）、accounting（International accounting direction）And nearly ten professional。”

　　

也可选择“插班生” Also can choose“drop-in”

　　为了让学生享受优质高等教育资源有更多的可能，上海部分高校试点插班生制度，在一定意义上打破了“一考定终身”的格局。

In order to let students enjoy the high quality higher education resource is more possible，Shanghai some universities pilot drop-in system，In a certain sense was broken on“As a lifelong”pattern。

　　但也有一些学生抱怨，招收插班生的高校数量太少，如上海交通大学等知名高校近年并未参与，让这项政策的吸引力打了折扣。从去年起，市教委还推出两项新政策，把插班生制度向前再推进一步：一是向招收插班生的高校划拨生均经费，二是为招收插班生的高校发放招生工作经费。

But there are also some students complain，The number of universities recruit drop-in too little，Such as Shanghai jiaotong university and other famous universities in recent years, did not participate in，Let the policy attraction played discount。Since last year，Municipal education commission also introduced two new policy，The system of dropping forward one step further again：One is to recruit college transfer dropping all funds，The second is to recruit the drop-in university recruitment of students work release funds。

　　

新生机会3：转专业 New opportunity to 3：Turn professional

　　

成绩达到一定要求可转专业 Result reaches a certain requirements can be turn professional

　　据麦可思调查显示，新生对就读大学的满意度为35%，对专业的满意度为44%，换言之，有超过60%的新生对就读大学不满意，超过50%的学生对就读专业不满意。

According to Michael thought survey，Freshman to attend university satisfaction was 35%，To professional satisfaction was 44%，In other words，More than 60% of freshmen to attend college not satisfied，More than 50% of students to study professional not satisfied。

　　据了解，上海很多大学都有调换专业的政策。不过大部分都制订了调换专业的条件，如要求高考分数、大学一年级学习成绩、换专业考试成绩等达到一定要求才可转专业。

It is understood，Shanghai many universities have exchange professional policy。But most of all for the exchange professional condition，Such as the requirement of the university entrance exam、Freshman year study result、In the professional examination results and reaches a certain requirement to turn professional。

　　据谈华介绍，上海对外贸易学院为学生提供了两种转专业的渠道。一种是新生入校一年之后，达到学校规定的学习成绩标准，满足学校规定的相关条件，可提出转专业申请，通过相应考核后，可以转专业。另一种是对于学习有困难的学生，学校也为其提供了相应的机会，但仍需满足学校的相关规定和要求，同时对所申请转的专业也有相应限制要求。

According to introduction about China，Shanghai institute of foreign trade to provide for students a two turn professional channels。One kind is enrolling new after a year，To regulation of the school grades standard，Meet the school rules related conditions，Can put forward the turn professional application，Through the corresponding assessment after，Can turn professional。The other one is for children with learning difficulties students，The school also to provide the corresponding opportunity，But still need to meet the school to relevant regulations and requirements，At the same time to apply for turn professional also has the corresponding limit requirements。

　　廖宗廷教授表示，同济大学在一年级第一学期结束后，如对其他专业感兴趣，可申请转专业，但必须修满原专业培养计划中规定的学分，且一年级的平均绩点达到3.5及以上。绩点越高，转专业成功的机会就会越大。转专业一般在4月底进行网上报名，然后各学院根据公布的录取办法进行录取，并公示录取名单，7月上旬教务处审核学生的资格，对符合条件的学生报主管校长审批。二年级学生如要求转专业，平均绩点必须达到4.2及以上才可提出申请。

LiaoZongTing professor said，Tongji university in one year after the end of the first semester，As for other professional interested，Can apply for turn professional，But must take full original professional training plan specified in the credit，And a grade point average of 3.5 or above。Point higher，Turn professional chances of success will be bigger。Major general in the online at the end of April，Then colleges based on published admission measures for admission，And public admission list，7 month academic administration audit students' qualification，To meet the conditions of the students to the principal for examination and approval。The second grade students such as requirement turn professional，Average point must be reached 4.2 and above can only apply for。

　　

另辟蹊径，申请转到中外合作专业 author，Application turns to chinese-foreign cooperation professional

　　此外，廖宗廷表示，学生如果对专业不满意，还可选择中外合作的专业学院。据了解，该专业学院有两种录取方式，第一是直接填报志愿录取；第二是从同济大学本年度录取新生中二次录取。如中德工程学院、中意学院等。

In addition，LiaoZongTing said，If students professional not satisfied，Still can choose chinese-foreign cooperation in professional college。It is understood，The professional college have two admission way，The first is directly fill volunteer admission；The second is from tongji university this year in the matriculation secondary admission。Such as sino-german engineering institute、Favorite college, etc。

　　学生在入学报到之后可以到学院咨询，只要通过了相应的考核就可转到这个学院的相关专业就读。该类专业一般采取3＋1的培养模式，即中国学生前3年在同济大学学习，第4年在合作高校学习。毕业生获同济大学和合作大学的双学士学位。

Students in school can report to the college after consultation，As long as through the corresponding inspection can turn to the college of related professionals attend。This kind of professional general take 3 + 1 training mode，That Chinese students before 3 years in tongji university study，4 years in cooperation institutions of higher learning。Graduate tongji university and university of cooperation of double bachelor's degree。

　　

新生机会4：班干部竞选 New opportunity and：Class cadre campaign

　　

提前锻炼沟通管理能力 Early exercise communication management ability

　　进入大学后，学生的重心将从学习过渡到提升能力。因此，竞选班干部，成为了很多学生历练自己的方式。很多大学辅导员表示，大一新生对当班干部确实比较热衷，几乎每个班都会出现多人竞选一个职位的现象。但到了大三竞选则开始遇冷，很多人不愿意留任，竞选时基本上是一个职位只有一个人报名。据了解，为支持学生干部的工作，也为了鼓励更多学生参与到学生工作中来，学校一般会在一些奖项的评优过程中，在同等条件下会优先考虑学生干部。所以，也不排除有个别同学是出于这类功利性的目的参与竞选的。但其实在学生工作中最重要的是锻炼自己。

After entering the university，Students will focus from learning transition into the hoisting capacity。therefore，Campaign the class cadre，Become the many students experience their own way。Many university counselor said，Freshmen class cadre opposition is really keen，Almost every class will appear many people run for a position phenomenon。But in the junior campaign would start in the cold，A lot of people do not want to stay on，During the campaign is basically a position only one application。It is understood，To support the work of student cadres，Also in order to encourage more students to participate in the students' work，Schools usually in some awards in the process of plan optimization，Under the same conditions will be preferred student cadres。so，Also don't expel individual students is from this kind of utilitarian purpose to participate in the election。But actually in the student work in the most important is to exercise yourself。

　　那么，在大学期间当班干部对自己的职业生涯以及能力提升是否有所帮助？对此，智联招聘资深人力资源专家陈曦表示，进入大学后，大学生首先要面临一个角色的转换，即从被动思考，变成独立主动思考，要先思考自己想要什么，未来工作期望的方向。陈曦认为，大学期间当班干部首先可以培养学生解决问题的能力，这是在今后的工作中尤为需要的；其次是影响力，即在团队工作中通过自己的领导、沟通影响别人的能力。在企业招聘过程中，经常看到简历上注明自己曾做过班级干部，但企业注重的并不是这份履历，而更注重的是通过当班干部的经历，学生学到了哪些能力。

so，During the university shift cadres of his career and to enhance the ability is helpful？this，Zhaopin senior human resources experts ChenXi said，After entering the university，College students' first have to face a role conversion，That is, from passive thinking，Become independent active thinking，Want to think about what you want，Future work expected direction。ChenXi think，During the university shift cadres can cultivate students ability to solve problems，This is in the future work is particularly need；The second is influence，In a team work is by their leaders、The ability of communication affects others。In the enterprise recruitment process，Often see resume indicate he had done the class cadre，But the enterprise pay attention to is not the resume，But more attention is through the experience of cadres on duty，Students learned what ability。

　　

新生机会5：考证 New opportunity and：Textual research

　　

大一大二，先把必考证书拿下 Big one big 2，The study had first certificate

　　进入大学，很多学生一下子开始放松下来。陈曦表示，大学是培养良好习惯和规律生活的好时机，这些良好的习惯可能影响学生一生。建议学生要多读书，如果对未来充满迷茫，推荐读一些职场和人生选择方面的书籍，如《给青年的12封信》、《人生十论》等，还可以培养自己的兴趣，丰富生活培养积极乐观的人生态度。此外，很多大学生利用大一大二的黄金学习时间考取一些必备的证书，为今后的职业增添砝码也大有好处。

Enter the university，Many students suddenly began to relax。ChenXi said，University is to cultivate good habits and a regular life good timing，These good habits may affect the students' lives。Suggested that students to read more books，If the future is full of confusion，Recommend read some workplace and life choice books，if《For young 12 letter》、《Life ten theory》, etc，Can also develop your own interests，Rich life culture positive and optimistic attitude towards life。In addition，Many college students use big one big 2 gold learning time pass some necessary certificate，For future career add weight is also a lot of good。

　　众所周知，有些证书是大学必考的。如大学英语四、六级证书（CET-4，CET-6）和全国计算机二级证书等，这也是很多企业招聘时必看的证书。此外，有些大城市申请户口时也会将此作为必要条件。

As is known to all，Some of the certificate is the university study。Such as the university English four、Six levels of certificate（CET 4，CET 6）And the national computer level 2 certificate, etc，This is also a lot of enterprise recruitment will see when the certificate。In addition，Some big cities also will apply for registered permanent residence this as a necessary condition。

　　

考取专业领域必备证书 Pass an entrance examination professional field necessary certificate

　　陈曦表示，对于专业性较强的学生来说，在企业招聘的同等条件下，手持专业证书的学生会具有一定优势。悉数一些熟知的专业，其专业领域中权威的证书也是家喻户晓。如会计专业的学生需要参加注册会计师考试拿到CPA证书；司法领域的从业者要参加司法考试取得法律职业资格证书；而机械、室内装饰、建筑行业多会考取CAD工程师认证证书等。此外，还有很多职业要求持证上岗，因此若想在该行业领域发展则须考取相关的证书。如导游资格证书、报关员证书等。（冷默）

ChenXi said，For professional strong students，In the enterprise recruitment under the same condition，Hand professional certificate students have certain advantages。In some known as the professional，In the field of their professional authority certificate is also widely known。Such as accounting professional students need to participate in CPA test with CPA certificate；In the field of judicial practitioner will take part in the judicial examination and achieve legal profession qualification certificate；And a mechanical、Interior decoration、The construction industry will pass an entrance examination CAD engineer certificate, etc。In addition，There are many professional requirements of card mount guard，If therefore in the industry development is must pass an entrance examination related certificate。Such as tourist guide qualification certificate、Customs declarer certificate, etc。（Cold vision）