最近，中山大学宣布开设“哈利·波特与遗传学”选修课，大连海事大学开设“船舶保安”课程。随着多所高校“潮课”被曝光，一时间引起舆论对高校课程设置的关注。

recently，Sun yat-sen university announced the opening“Harry potter and genetics”Elective course，Dalian maritime university set up“Ship security”course。With a lot of universities“Tide class”By exposure，Time cause public opinion to the university curriculum attention。

本报记者 柯进 Our reporter KeJin

提升课堂吸引力“潮课”不断推陈出新 Ascension class attraction“Tide class”constantly

　　厦门大学体育课教学生爬树，中山大学计划开设“哈利·波特与遗传学”课程……近几年，一些曾流行于小说、电影或网络的“明星”甚至游戏，与一些学科知识融合后，相继进入大学课堂，成为不少80后、90后大学生竞相追捧的选修课。

Xiamen university physical education teaching students to climb trees，Sun yat-sen university plans to open“Harry potter and genetics”course……In recent years，Some was popular in the novel、The movie or network“star”Even the game，And some discipline knowledge fusion，Have entered the college classroom，Become a lot after 80、After 90 college students chase after hold in both hands to the elective course。

　　“近年来，为了提升大学课堂吸引力,各种追赶时代潮流的新课程不断进入大学课堂。”华中师范大学教育学院教授雷万鹏认为，现在，部分大学课堂出现一些符合学生口味的新课程，是一种好现象，它反映出越来越多的教师正在根据学生的时代特点，不断引入新的元素，革新课堂教学，试图通过改变传统的课堂呈现方式，提高课堂吸引力。这种创新做法值得推广，但要避免功利化倾向。

“In recent years，In order to improve the college classroom attraction,All kinds of after the trend of The Times of new course continue to come into the college classroom。”Central China normal university education college professor LeiWanPeng think，now，Part of the university classroom appear some accord with students flavors of the new curriculum，Is a good phenomenon，It reflects more and more teachers are according to the student the characteristics of The Times，Continuously introducing new elements，Innovation classroom teaching，Trying to change the traditional classroom presentation，Improve class attraction。This innovation practice is worth popularizing，But avoid utilitarian tendency。

　　与中山大学将大学生耳熟能详的哈利·波特引入遗传学课程相似，去年9月，广东河源职业技术学校将风靡网络的“三国杀”游戏引入课堂，并面向该校学生开设了选修课“三国杀攻略教程”,颇受学生欢迎。每学期，学校开放选课系统不到10分钟，选课名额就已爆满。

And sun yat-sen university college students will be familiar harry potter into similar genetics course，Last September，Guangdong riverhead vocational technology school will popular network“Triple kill”Game introduced into classroom，And for the students of opened the elective course“Triple kill strategy tutorial”,Quite popular with the students。Each semester，The school open elective system less than 10 minutes，Elective places already full。

　　其实，学科知识与学生喜闻乐见形式两张“脸”越贴越近的，不只是网络游戏“三国杀”。此前，大连海事大学航海学院也开设了“船舶保安”的必修课程，该课程被外界传为“海盗研究”课程。其中，有部分内容是向学生传授遇到海盗的应急措施以及相关工具的使用。亚丁湾事件后，该学院曾开设了“海盗防护”系列讲座，从海军护航编队如何保证商船安全的角度讲授抗击海盗的方法。

In fact，Subject knowledge and students love to see and hear form two“face”Stick the proximity to the，Not only the network game“Triple kill”。after，Dalian maritime university of navigation offers“Ship security”Compulsory course of，This course is for the outside world“Pirates research”course。the，Some content is to teach students about meet pirates emergency measures and the use of related tools。Gulf of Aden incident，The college had opened“Pirates protection”Lecture series，From naval escort formation how to guarantee the safety of ship Angle against pirates teaching method。

大学既植根于市场又要高于市场 University is rooted in the market and higher than the market

　　学科知识与学生接受意愿之间相互“推搡”导致课堂沉默，一直是大学课堂的一种“通病”。

Subject knowledge and willingness to accept each other between the students“crowds”Lead to classroom silence，The university has been a kind of class“Common fault”。

　　“现在的大学，就像风箱里的老鼠两头受气：一头是课堂吸引力不足，师生相互‘置气’；另一头是用人单位不断抱怨大学培养的人不好用，要求学校在课程设置和教学过程中，要有市场意识、商业意识。”雷万鹏认为，大学本应有大学坚守的价值，要与市场之间保持一定的距离，自身要保持一定的稳定性，专业和课程设置不能完全唯市场是瞻，不能以赶时髦的方式来追求学生就业、专业对口等短期效应，而应尊重高等教育的本质规律和人才培养规律，以不变应对市场的万变。

“Now the university，Like the rats in the bellows syrian-backed：A head is the lack of attractive，Interaction between teachers and students‘Buy gas’；Another head is unit of choose and employ persons constantly complain that the university cultivate people with bad，Requires schools in the curriculum and the teaching process，We should have market consciousness、Business sense。”LeiWanPeng think，University should be the value of the stick to the university，With the market to keep a certain distance between，Their own to keep certain stability，Professional and curriculum cannot be completely and the market is been，Not to follow the fashion way to the pursuit of students employment、Professing, and other short-term effect，And higher education should respect the essential rule of law and talent training，With the same to cope with the market of change。

　　对于“潮课”引发的争议，一位“潮课”的任课教师说，过去，给学生讲学科知识，他们根本不愿听，有的是埋头看英语单词，有的看小说。现在，把学生们熟悉的游戏搬进课堂后，不仅学科知识顺利教给了学生，而且更重要的是课堂根据市场需求，加入了大量对学生就业有用的技巧。

for“Tide class”The disputes，a“Tide class”Teachers said，In the past，Give students speak discipline knowledge，They don't want to listen to，Have a plenty of sunk to see the English words，Some reading novels。now，The students are familiar with the game into after class，Not only subjects taught students smoothly，And more important is the classroom according to the market demand，Join a lot on students' employment useful skills。

　　中山大学前校长黄达人认为，毕业即工作，实际上是职业教育的追求。虽然高等教育已进入大众化阶段，但这并不意味着普通本科院校就要主动去靠近市场需求，被市场所“绑架”，而应根据办学和人才培养的不同目标，有相对独立于短期就业市场之外的价值追求。

Sun yat-sen university HuangDaRen think before the headmaster，That graduation，In fact are professional education pursuit。Although higher education has entered the phase of popularization，But this does not mean that normal universities and colleges of undergraduate course will be active to close to the market demand，Be market“kidnapping”，And should be based on education and talent cultivation of different target，Have relatively independent of the short-term employment outside the market value pursuit。

　　“大学要根植于市场又要有高于市场的意识，不能完全跟着市场走。当前，国内高等教育有种不好的现象是，忽视职业教育与普通本科教育之间的差异。如果普通本科院校课程设置过于紧扣市场需求，一方面可能使普通本科教育演变成职业教育，另一方面可能使高校为了适应市场需求，其课程、专业体系始终处在不断的变动之中，这并不符合高等教育的自身发展规律和高层次人才培养规律。”黄达人说。

“University to rooted in the market and to have higher than the market consciousness，Cannot fully follow the market is going。The current，Domestic higher education have a bad phenomenon is，Ignore vocational education and general education undergraduate course the difference between。If the average undergraduate colleges and universities curriculum too closely the market demand，On the one hand may make ordinary undergraduate education evolved into vocational education，On the other hand may make the university in order to adapt to the market demand，The course、Professional system always in constant change of，This does not conform to the higher education's own development regularity and high-level talent cultivation rule。”HuangDaRen said。

“潮课”反映学科发展和学生需求的变化 “Tide class”Reflect the subject development and the change of students' needs

　　“当前‘潮课’层出不穷的背后，其实正说明了学科的发展、社会分工的变革以及教育对象需求的变化，要求高校专业及课程设置急需重新审视和调整。”雷万鹏认为，要打破这个困局，当务之急是，课程设置在学校教学指导委员会指导下，要充分发挥教师的积极性，强调教师设置课程的自主性。比如，市面上虽然早就找不到黑白电视机了，但前两年有所大学居然还给大学生们开设了一门“黑白电视机维修”的课程，“像这样的事情，在某些大学还存在”。

“The current‘Tide class’Behind emerge in endlessly，In fact wycombe discipline development、The transformation of social division of labor and the education object the change of demand，Requires universities and professional courses are in urgent need of review and adjustment。”LeiWanPeng think，To break the predicament，The urgent task is to，The curriculum in the school teaching under the guidance of the steering committee，To give full play to the teacher's enthusiasm，The curriculum emphasizes that teachers of autonomy。For example，Although early on the market can't find the black and white TV set，But before two years have university incredibly back to college students set up a door“Black and white TV set maintenance”course，“Something like this，In some university also exist”。

　　对高校而言，什么样的“潮课”能开，什么样的老课程、老专业可以关停，究竟当以什么为参照？

The university is concerned，What kind of“Tide class”Can open，What kind of old course、Old professional can shut，What then for what reference？

　　“任何一门课程不能随便开，也不能单纯以学生喜好为标准，而应同时考虑学科发展、知识体系的完整性，以及是否有利于学生的长远发展。”湖北某高校教务处长说，高校目前的专业和课程设置都是依据学校学科特点、社会各行各业不同时期发展特征等设计出来的，开设每门课都要事先经过学校反复研究、严格审核。

“Any course can't literally open，Also cannot simply take the student preferences for the standard，And the development of the discipline to be considered at the same time、The integrity of the knowledge system，And whether it helps students' long-term development。”Hubei some academic affairs division chief said，The current professional and curriculum is all according to the school discipline characteristic、The social people from all walks of life in different periods development characteristics, such as design out，Open every subject to prior after school study repeatedly、Audit strictly。

　　但事实上，也不乏有高校开设的“潮课”披上了国际通识教育的“盖头”。“其实，中国与美国的高等教育，在专业、课程设置上是不同的。这是由国情和教学体系不同所致，并无优劣之分。比如，在美国，本科教育阶段强调的是通识教育，专业学习实际上是在研究生阶段完成的。但在我国，高等教育需在本科阶段既要设置通识课程，还要开设专业课程。两者间的比例、分寸如何拿捏，这是当前确实需要研究和迫切解决的问题。”黄达人说，“课程如何开设，相信每个学校都能对照各自办学目标，自主决策。”

But in fact，Also is filled with the colleges and universities“Tide class”With the international general education of“A covering”。“In fact，China and the United States higher education，In the professional、The curriculum is different。This is the national conditions and teaching system caused by different，And there is no good or bad difference points。For example，In the United States，Undergraduate education stage emphasize that the general education，Professional study is actually in the graduate student stage of completion。But in our country，Higher education should be in the undergraduate stage is to set up the general course，To set up professional course。The proportion between them、Discretion how to take hold，This is the current really need to study and urgent to solve the problem。”HuangDaRen said，“Course how to set up，Believe that every school can control their educational goals，Independent decision。”

　　(来源:中国教育报)

(Source: China education report)