暑假里什么最重要？孩子们可能说，自由快乐最重要；家长们可能说，补习提高最重要。其实，还有一件最最重要的事，这就是安全。有数据显示，在我国，意外伤害是儿童伤亡的首要原因，每年有近5万名15岁以下儿童因意外伤害失去生命，还有许许多多孩子因意外伤害留下残疾。据统计，7、8月的暑期是一年中儿童意外伤害的高发期，约占全年的1/5。本期周刊，让我们共同关注孩子们的暑期安全。

What is the most important in the summer vacation？The children might say，The most important freedom and happiness；Parents might say，With improving the most important。In fact，There is one most important thing，It is safe。Data show，In our country，Accident harm to children, is the leading cause of casualty，Each year almost 50000 children under the age of 15 because accident harm lost their lives，There are many children because accident harm leave disability。According to the statistics，7、August summer is a year of children accident harm period，Accounts for about 1/5 of all the year round。This week，Together, let us pay attention to children's summer safety。

　　

编者 editor

　　

家：“最危险”的地方 home：“The most dangerous”place

　　【镜头】 近日，安徽省合肥市发生一起惨剧，4岁的小宝攀爬到阳台上，从30层的高楼坠下……“是我大意了，是我害死他的！”因为自己出门买菜离开的一小会儿，看管孩子的大姨痛不欲生。无独有偶，今年暑假以来，全国各地已发生多起儿童坠楼事件。

【lens】 recently，Hefei, anhui happen together tragedy，4 small treasure climb to the balcony，From 30 storeys fell……“Is the effect I，Is I kill him！”Because he went out to buy food to leave a little while，Watch the child's aunt be overwhelmed with sorrow。similarly，Since this summer，All parts of the country has happened several children falling from a building event。

　　家是温馨的港湾，但也可能成为“最危险”的地方。日前，中国疾控中心与全球儿童安全组织联合发布的《儿童伤害预防倡导》显示，家中发生的伤害占儿童伤害的44.5%，是导致儿童伤害的主要场所。

Home is a warm harbor，But it could also be“The most dangerous”place。a，The Chinese CDC and children around the world security promulgated jointly by the organization《Children's injury prevention advocate》display，Home happen damage accounted for 44.5% of the harm to the child，Is the main place that the damage in children。

　　在家中，跌落、烧烫伤、中毒是孩子最易受到的安全威胁。孩子喜欢攀爬，阳台、窗边的桌椅可能成为通往地狱的“梯子”；洗衣粉随地摆放，孩子可能会当成“奶粉”吃掉；裸露的插座、纸篓里的碎玻璃、容易被吞食的细小物品……危险几乎无处不在。大人的一些不良习惯也可能成为孩子意外伤害的罪魁祸首，比如放洗澡水先热后冷，用完家电不关电源等。

In the home，drop、burn、Poisoning children the most susceptible to security threats。Children like to climb，balcony、The window tables and chairs may be to hell“ladder”；Washing powder put anywhere，Children may be as“Milk powder”eat；Bare socket、In the corner of the broken glass、Easy to devour the small items……Dangerous almost everywhere。Adult's some bad habits may also be a child accident harm culprit，Such as the bath water after the first hot cold，Run out of home appliance none of power supply, etc。

　　因为家长上班，暑假里，孩子独自“宅”在家里是最常见的选择。“孩子自己在家，要特别注意用火用电问题。”吉林长春的付秋梅老师告诉记者，她班里有个孩子，饮水机干了不知道关电源，结果导致起火，幸好没酿成大祸。

Because parents go to work，In the summer，Kids alone“curtilage”In the home is the most common choice。“Their children at home，We must pay special attention to use fire power problem。”Jilin changchun's FuQiuMei teacher told reporters，A child in her class，Water fountain dry don't know off power supply，As a result the，But luckily didn't spawn catastrophe。

　　预防儿童坠楼，最重要的预防措施之一就是给2层及2层以上的楼房安装窗户护栏。“窗户护栏应该选择竖向排列、间距小的，避免使用横向栏杆，防止儿童攀爬。”北京大学公共卫生学院儿童青少年卫生研究所副教授李榴柏建议。

Prevent children from falling from a building，One of the most important preventive measures is to give layer 2 and layer 2 above buildings installation window guardrail。“The window guardrail should choose vertical arrangement、Spacing small，Avoid using cross rail，To prevent the child to climb。”Beijing university school of public health children health research institute, an associate professor at LiLiu cypress Suggestions。

　　儿童是医院烧伤科的常客，专家提醒，家有幼儿时，不要在餐桌、茶几上放滚热的东西，也不要铺桌布，防止孩子扯下桌布烫伤。

The child is a regular acute hospital，The expert reminds，Home when the children，Don't in the table、Put on tea table a piping hot cup of things，Don't spread tablecloth，Prevent children pull-off antependium burns。

　　为了防止误吃药物，药品应放在孩子拿不到的地方，吃药时不要骗孩子说是“糖果”，尤其是形状漂亮、颜色鲜艳的药物。平时应多教导孩子“先问后尝”。

In order to prevent false eat drugs，Medicine should be put out of the child's reach，Take medicine when children don't lie to say“candy”，Especially beautiful shape、Colorful drugs。At ordinary times should be taught children“Ask after taste”。

　　“一人在家放暑假，生人敲门无应答，问路送奶查电表，绝不开门我当家。”中国人民公安大学教授王大伟编了顺口溜，提醒孩子在陌生人叫门时不要开。在暑假里，有不法分子诱骗独自在家的孩子开门，实施入室抢劫，应告诉孩子尽量不要答话，更不要说自己一人在家，可用“爸爸正在睡觉”或是“大人到楼下买菜”等暗示、吓退陌生人。

“One summer vacation at home，Strangers knocking at the door no answer，Ask the way to send milk check meter，Never answer the door I alone。”The Chinese people's public security university professor WangDaWei made ShunKouLiu，Remind the child in a stranger don't open the door。In the summer，Has the unlawful element decoy home alone children to open the door，Implement the home invasion robbery，Should tell children try not to answer，Don't say more alone at home，available“Father is sleeping”or“Adult downstairs to buy food”Suggest that such as、Scare stranger。

　　除此之外，孩子自己回家开门，要先看看附近有没有人，没人再开门。如果发现门莫名虚掩，不要贸然进屋，应该立刻扭头去找大人，因为这时可能有坏人在屋里。

In addition，The child back home by himself to open the door，Want to see anyone around，No one to open the door。If he found the door XuYan difficult，Don't jump to a room，Should immediately turned away to look for adults，Because at this time may have bad in the house。

　　

溺水：农村孩子的暑期“杀手” drowning：Rural children's summer“killer”

　　【镜头】 8月1日下午5时许，宁夏同心县石狮镇满城村，一个7岁女孩在戏水时跌入3米深的水塘，9岁的姐姐见状慌忙去拉，也不幸落水，双双溺亡。此前的6月9日，是一个“黑色星期六”，山东莱芜、湖南邵阳和黑龙江哈尔滨分别发生学生溺水事故，同一天，16名学生溺水夭亡，令人痛心疾首。

【lens】 August 1, xu 5 p.m，Ningxia TongXinXian shishi town village soon，A seven year old girl in the paddle when he slipped and fell into 3 meters deep pool，9 years old sister looked at it and flurried pull，Also unfortunate fall，Both drowned dead。Previous June 9，Is a“Black Saturday”，Shandong laiwu、Shaoyang, hunan province and the heilongjiang Harbin students drowning accidents occur respectively，On the same day，16 students drowning ill，Is saddened。

　　《儿童伤害预防倡导》显示，溺水是我国儿童首位的伤害死因，占儿童伤害死亡的37.7%。每年6月至8月是溺水的高发季节，占全年总数的一半以上。

《Children's injury prevention advocate》display，Drowning is the children's first damage cause of death，Accounted for 37.7% of all deaths in children's damage。June to August is drowning high-risk season，Account for more than half of the total。

　　“每年暑假都会接诊溺水的儿童，大部分发生在海边、水塘等无人看管的水域。”一位医生痛心地告诉记者。据了解，溺水多发于农村和城郊接合地区。因为城市水域面积较小，管理相对严格，而农村水域面积大且分散，不易管理，很多孩子会去附近水塘洗澡避暑、捞鱼摸虾。值得一提的是，缺乏监护的农村留守儿童，是暑期溺亡的高发人群。

“Every summer will accepts the drowning child，Mostly in the sea、Such as the waters of the pond unattended。”A doctor hurts to tell reporter。It is understood，Drowning happens in rural and suburban joint area。Because the city water area is lesser，Relatively strict management，Rural water and large area and dispersion，Not easy management，Many children will go to summer near bath pond、Fish fish touched shrimp。Be worth what carry is，Lack of monitoring of rural left-behind children，Is summer drowned dead chambless le。

　　据专家介绍，许多溺水事故常常没有任何征兆，如游泳时突然抽筋、跳水时撞伤头部等，在此情形下，无人救助就很容易发生溺水。更可怕的是，有时一个孩子溺水，小伙伴们不顾一切救人，结果同时溺水，导致群体性落水事件。

According to expert introduction，Many drowning accidents often without any signs，Such as swimming suddenly cramps、Diving after head, etc，In this case，No one to help him is very vulnerable to drowning。Is more terrible，Sometimes a child drowning，In spite of all friends to save，Results at the same time the drowning，Lead to water group events。

　　专家提醒，孩子在很浅的水中也可能发生溺水，因此，学校、家长一定要告诫孩子，绝不能到水库、江河、湖泊、海滩等非正规游泳场所游泳，更不能到水草繁杂、河道挖沙等危险水域游泳。还要特别提醒孩子，发现落水者可以“见义智为”，积极呼救报警，不会游泳者千万不要贸然下水营救。

The expert reminds，Children in very shallow water is also likely to drowning，therefore，The school、Parents have to warn a kid，Can never to reservoir、rivers、lakes、The beach and informal swimming place to swim，More not to aquatic plants multifarious、Channel sand-excavating, and dangerous waters swimming。Also special remind children，Can have found“See YiZhi for”，Positive distress alarm，Won't the swimmer must not jump to a launching rescue。

　　

车祸：城市孩子的假日“猛虎” accident：Urban children's holiday“tiger”

　　【镜头】 7月的一天，北京市12岁的琳琳兴冲冲地找同学玩儿，刚出门不久，就被一辆飞驰而来的摩托车撞出去30多米……琳琳的大腿3处骨折，幸好没有危及生命。据了解，自7月份以来，仅北京急救中心就接诊60余起14岁以下儿童意外伤害，车祸是重要原因。

【lens】 July day，Beijing at the age of 12 around excitedly to find students playing，Just go out soon，Is a car as motorcycle crashed out more than 30 meters……The thigh around 3 fractures，Fortunately, not life-threatening。It is understood，Since July since，Beijing first aid center is only accepts the more than 60 children under the age of 14 accident harm，Is the important reason that the car accident。

　　车祸猛于虎！道路交通伤害是儿童的第二大“杀手”，在全球范围内，每年死于车祸的儿童超过26万。特别是城市的孩子，行走于车水马龙的繁华闹市，可以说危险无时不在。

Traffic accident fierce in the tiger！Road traffic injuries are children's second largest“killer”，In the global scope，Children died in a car accident a year more than 260000。Especially the urban children，Walking in a heavy traffic of the prosperity of the city，Can say danger is at all。

　　“我在街上不遵守交通规则，汽车也不敢撞我！”采访中，一些孩子的想法令人担心。要知道，即使“不敢撞”，车辆也有难以控制的时候。因此，应提醒孩子不要斜穿猛跑、骑车追逐，更不能翻越护栏、心存侥幸。

“I am in the street do not obey the traffic rules，The car also can't hit me！”interview，Some children idea worrying。Want to know，Even if“Can't hit”，Vehicle also have difficult to control time。therefore，Should remind children don't inclined to wear fierce run、Cycling chase，More can't go over guardrail、Take any chances。

　　中国疾控中心副研究员汪媛呼吁，家庭、社会以及学校要对低龄儿童开展行为养成和技能培养，如在安全道路上进行环境模拟、传授步行及骑车技巧等。北京大学深圳医院急诊科医师王永剑指出，未成年人车祸伤中较常见的原因，是在机动车道上骑自行车、溜滑轮滑板，很容易发生交通事故。

The Chinese CDC associate researcher WangYuan called for，family、Social and school to young children in behavior form and skill training，As in the safety on the road for environmental simulation、Teach walking and cycling skills, etc。Peking University shenzhen hospital emergency department physician WangYongJian pointed out，Minor car accident hurt more common cause，Is in the motor vehicle road to ride a bicycle、Skid wheel slide，Traffic accidents are likely to happen。

　　“红灯停，绿灯行，遇到黄灯不抢行，先左后右看一看，一定要走斑马线”；“骑车避免上马路，不许撒把与攀扶，打闹追逐危险多，人多转弯要减速”……针对步行与骑车，王大伟撰写童谣，提醒孩子遵守交通规则。

“You stop at a red light，Green line，Meet yellow light does not QiangHang，After the first left right have a look，Have to go zebra crossing”；“Ride on the road to avoid，No and help with climbing，Pillow fight chasing more dangerous，Many turn to slow down”……For walking and cycling，WangDaWei writing nursery rhymes，Remind the child obey the traffic rules。

　　

安全教育，绝不能用生命“走过场” Safety education，Should never be life“Go through the motions”

　　【镜头】 暑假前，山东枣庄刘湖小学的一间教室里，电风扇摆在正中央，孩子们认真地学习家庭安全用电注意事项。

【lens】 Before summer vacation，Shandong ZaoZhuang LiuHu primary school a classroom，In the electric fan is central，The children learn seriously family security power matters needing attention。

　　全球每天有2000多名儿童死于伤害，数以千计的受伤儿童就医。《儿童伤害预防倡导》显示，如果采用行之有效的预防措施，每天至少可以挽救1000名儿童的生命。

Every day around the world more than 2000 children die from damage，Thousands of injured children go to a doctor。《Children's injury prevention advocate》display，If the effective preventive measures，Every day at least, could save 1000 children's life。

　　“老师给我们讲报纸上写的小孩被淹死的事，听起来挺吓人的，但总觉得这些事离我们挺远，不会发生在自己身上。”今年读初二的姚新宇说。因为缺乏感同身受，安全教育中，很多孩子认为“是在吓唬自己”，加上孩子天性好奇，有时候不让做什么，偏要去试试看。

“The teacher told us the newspapers wrote the child was drowned，That sounds scary，But always feel these things away from us quite far，Won't happen in yourself。”Read this year there YaoXinYu said。Because of the lack of empathy，Safety education in，Many children think“Is in the scare yourself”，Add the child's curious，Sometimes don't let what to do，Partial going to give it a try。

　　安全教育该怎样进行？如何才能入脑入心、落到实处？

Safety education how to？How to into the brain into the heart、follwing？

　　就读于北京日坛小学三年级的郭大志，对学校安全教育视频记忆犹新，“有个人下雨天打电话被雷劈了，我以后再也不敢下雨天打电话了。”郭大志的母亲告诉记者，学校发放的安全手册内容详细，讲给孩子听很有用。“家长、学校、政府要相互配合，把提高学生的安全意识落到实处。”深圳市福田区益强小学副校长康黎说。

Studying in Beijing ritan primary school grade three of the GuoDaZhi，For school safety education video memory，“A personal call on rainy days is the machinery，I'll never call on rainy days。”GuoDaZhi mother told reporters，The issue of school safety manual content detailed，Speak to the children listen to very useful。“parents、The school、The government should cooperate with each other，To improve the students' safety consciousness into effect。”Shenzhen futian district the strong primary school vice President KangLi said。

　　安全教育，绝不能用生命“走过场”！教育部发布的相关通知中特别强调，要逐项把安全措施落到细处、实处，坚决杜绝搞形式、走过场。（张烁 张小玉 贾娜）

Safety education，Should never be life“Go through the motions”！The ministry of education issued the relevant notice special emphasis on，Item by item to the safety measures to finest point、effect，Resolutely put an end to make form、Go through the motions。（ZhangShuo ZhangXiaoYu JiaNa）