近日，教育部同意在中央广播电视大学的基础上建立国家开放大学，以现代信息技术为支撑，主要面向成人开展远程开放教育。国家开放大学作为高等学校的补充，被称为是“终身教育”体系建设迈出的关键一步，构建学习型社会的新起点。半月谈记者就此专访了21世纪教育研究院副院长熊丙奇。

recently,The ministry of education agreed to in the central radio and television university established on the basis of national Open University,With the modern information technology as the support,Main adults in open and distance education.National Open University as a supplement of institutions of higher learning,Are called"Lifelong education"The key step towards system construction,Constructing the learning-type society new starting point.半月谈 the reporter interviews with the 21st century education institute, vice President of the XiongBingJi.

　　记者：您怎么看成立开放大学？办好开放大学的关键在哪里？

reporter:How do you see the Open University was founded?Do good Open University key in where?

　　熊丙奇：开放大学是一种新型大学，强调思想、模式、方法、对象的开放，利用先进的科学技术开展远程教育，向一切有能力、有意愿接受高等教育的人提供学习的机会和服务。

XiongBingJi:The Open University is a new kind of university,Emphasize ideological/mode/methods/Object open,The use of advanced science and technology to distance education,All have the ability to/Is willing to accept higher education provides the opportunity to learn and service.

　　相对于过去的电视大学，开放大学体现了开放教育，把学习作为一种生活方式的理念。以广播电视大学系统为基础建设国家开放大学已经成为一种国际惯例和社会共识。经过30多年的建设积累，我国已经拥有办学网络覆盖全国城乡的庞大的广播电视大学系统。

Compared with the past TV university,The Open University reflects the open education,The study as a way of life philosophy.In radio and TV university system as the foundation construction of national Open University has become an international practice and social consensus.After 30 years of accumulation of construction,Our country already has the network covering the whole country of urban and rural huge radio and TV university system.

　　但国家开放大学绝不是广播电视大学的简单更名或翻牌。在本质上，国家开放大学与普通高等学校有所不同，它强调面向全体社会成员，强调学历继续教育与非学历继续教育并重，强调优质教育资源的集聚、整合和共享，强调没有围墙、超越时空限制、时时能学、处处可学。

But the national Open University is not a simple radio and television university name or flop.In essence,National Open University and ordinary higher school is different,It emphasizes to all the members of the society,Emphasize education continue to education and non-academic continue to pay equal attention to education,Emphasize quality education resource gathering/Integration and sharing,Stressing that there is no fence/Beyond time and space limit/Always can learn/Everywhere can learn.

　　不过，这能否成为“终身教育发展的新载体”，能否有效缓解上大学的焦虑，还很难说。如果仅改校名，而不改革教育管理制度、调整人才评价体系，开放大学是难以有效缓解上大学的焦虑的。我认为，办好开放大学，必须要有全面开放的心态。

but,This can become"Lifelong education development of the new carrier",Can effectively relieve the anxiety of college,Is hard to say.If only change names,Without reform education management system/Adjustment of talent evaluation system,The Open University is difficult to effectively relieve the anxiety of college.I think,Do good Open University,Must want to have comprehensive an open mind.

　　在我国现行高等教育管理制度和人才评价体系中，在学生和社会舆论看来，继续教育的文凭含金量，还是无法与全日制高校相比。

In our country's current higher education management system and talent evaluation system,In the student and social public opinion seems to be,To continue education diploma gold content,Still can't full-time college and compared.

　　比如有一些研究生招生机构或就业单位，就明确说不招收持自考、继续教育文凭的学生，或者虽不明说，但在具体招生过程中，有意无意地进行歧视。在这种情况下，选择接受继续教育，是很多人无法进入全日制大学之后的无奈选择。

For example, there are some of graduate student recruit students institutions or employment unit,He explicitly said do not recruit from holding/To continue education diploma of students,Or is unknown said,But in the recruitment process,Intentionally or unintentionally on discrimination.In this case,Choose to receive continued education,Is a lot of people can not enter the full-time university after the helpless choice.

　　对此，《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要（2010~2020）》明确指出，“继续教育是面向学校教育之后所有社会成员的教育活动，是终身学习体系的重要组成部分”，要“促进各级各类教育纵向衔接、横向沟通，提供多次选择机会，满足个人多样化的学习和发展需要”。要“建立继续教育学分积累与转换制度，实现不同类型学习成果的互认和衔接”。这实质是要求给予继续教育平等的办学地位。

this,[National medium and long-term education reform and development plan outline(2010 ~ 2020)]Explicitly pointed out,"Continue to education is an education school after all the members of the society education activities,Lifelong learning is an important part in the system of",to"To promote the education of all types and at all levels longitudinal cohesion/Lateral communication,Provide multiple choice,Meet the individual diversity of learning and development needs".to"Establish continue education credits accumulation and conversion system,Different types of learning achievements to realize the mutual recognition of and cohesion".This essence is claiming to continue education equality running status.

　　记者：给予开放大学与全日制大学同等的办学地位，之前也有相应的努力，但为什么效果一般？从制度的顶层设计来看，应该怎么做？

reporter:Given the Open University and full-time university equal running status,Before also have corresponding efforts,But why effect in general?From the top of the system design to see,Should do?

　　熊丙奇：开放大学正是根据国家教改精神成立的。此前，一些地方在贯彻落实国家教改时，也制订了发展终身教育的相关条例，提出继续教育可承认全日制高等教育的学分。这貌似在搭建“立交桥”，其实仍旧把继续教育设置为低于全日制高等教育的教育。如果继续教育和全日制教育平等，那么，全日制高等教育也应该承认继续教育的学分。

XiongBingJi:The Open University is established according to the national spirit of reform.after,Some places in the implementation of the national reform,Also make the development of lifelong education related regulations,Puts forward to continue education can be admitted full-time higher education credits.This seemingly in the building"flyover",In fact still to continue education set to lower than full-time higher education of education.If you continue education and full-time education equality,so,Full-time higher education should also be admitted to continue education credits.

　　构建继续教育和全日制教育的“立交桥”，就是要让学生可互相选择，即全日制教育的学生可选择接受继续教育，而接受继续教育的学生，也可申请进入全日制学校。这样就可以打破高等教育的围墙，破解“学历身份”问题，“一考定终身”的问题也就迎刃而解了。

Constructing continue education and the education of full-time"flyover",Is to make students can choose each other,That is a full-time education students can choose to receive further education,And accept the continuing education of students,Also can apply to full-time school.This will break the higher education fence,crack"Degree identity"problems,"As a lifelong"Problems with respect to be readily solved.

　　教育管理部门应以全面开放的态度，率先清理存在于教育系统的“歧视”。只有清理了职业教育歧视、民办教育歧视和继续（成人）教育歧视，才能给各类高等教育以平等的发展空间。与此同时，带动社会用人单位调整人才评价体系，以是否拥有真才实学为评价标准。

Education administration department should to fully open attitude,Take the lead in cleaning exist in education system"discrimination".Only cleaned up the vocational education discrimination/Private education discrimination and continue(adult)Education discrimination,Different kinds of higher education can give equal development space.meanwhile,Unit of choose and employ persons drive the social adjustment of talent evaluation system,Whether to have made as evaluation standard.

　　记者：现在有人认为开放大学并不是真正的大学。提升办学质量，满足不同人群对于高等教育和继续教育的需求，是不是开放大学当前最重要的使命？同时，您觉得大学如何才能避免学历造假、造次的问题？

reporter:Some people think that the Open University is not the true university of these days.Improve the educational quality,Meet different people for higher education and continuing education needs,Is the Open University at present, the most important mission?At the same time,You feel university how to avoid degree fraud/Do anything rash problems?

　　熊丙奇：办好开放大学，必须提高办学质量，严格实行“宽进严出”的学习制度。随着我国高等教育资源越来越丰富，上全日制大学的考试分数将越来越低，进入开放大学的学生，有可能分数就更低。在这种情况下，如果开放大学不坚持培养标准，就会成为“走私文凭”的通道，也会降低办学的声誉，难以吸引优秀的学生。

XiongBingJi:Do good Open University,Must be to improve the quality of,Strictly implements"Wide into severe out"Learning system.With China's higher education resource is more and more abundant,Full-time university on test scores will be more and more low,Enter the students of the Open University,May score more low.In this case,If the Open University adhere to the training standard,Will be"Smuggling diploma"channel,Will also reduce the reputation of the school,Hard to attract excellent students.

　　如果有一天，我国学生不再把进全日制高校作为首选、甚至惟一的选择，高考高分的学生，可以放弃名校而选择开放大学或职业学院，或者高中毕业之后先参加工作，在工作中接受继续教育，“存够”学分后获得相应学位，那时，我国高等教育的多元化发展格局才算真正形成。（《半月谈》2012年第15期，记者 俞菀）

If one day,Our students will no longer put into the full-time university as a preferred/Even the only choice,The university entrance exam score of students,Can give up school and choose the Open University or vocational college,After graduation from high school or a job first,In the work to receive continued education,"Saved enough"Credits to obtain corresponding degree,then,China's higher education diversified development pattern is truly formation.([半月谈]15 (2012),Reporter shu Wan)

　　(来源:半月谈网)

(Sources: 半月谈 network)