9月17日，教育部发布《教育部关于进一步加强中小学校督导评估工作的意见》，教育部督导办负责人就该文件答记者问。

On September 17,Issued by the ministry of education[The ministry of education on further strengthening small and medium-sized school supervision evaluation opinions],The ministry of education supervision do person in charge should file a reporter asked.

　　一、为什么要制定出台《教育部关于进一步加强中小学校督导评估工作的意见》（简称《意见》）？ a/Why promulgated[The ministry of education on further strengthening small and medium-sized school supervision evaluation opinions](Referred to as[opinion])?

　　《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要（2010-2020年）》提出要以提高教育质量为核心，以实施素质教育为主题，建立以提高教育质量为导向的管理制度和工作机制，这是基础教育改革发展的新目标，也是国务院审议通过的《教育督导条例》对学校督导评估工作提出的新要求。为贯彻落实教育规划纲要，更好地发挥教育督导的保障和推动作用，切实有效地促进学校内涵发展和教育质量的提高，需要我们对十几年来学校督导评估的做法和经验进行总结提升，对学校督导评估的机制体制进行改革创新。

[National medium and long-term education reform and development plan outline(2010-2020)]To put forward to improve the education quality as the core,In order to carry out quality education as the theme,Establish to improve education quality oriented management system and working mechanism,This is the foundation education reform and development of the new goal,Is also the state council by the review[Education supervision regulations]For the school supervision evaluation work puts forward new requirements.In order to thoroughly implement the plan for education,Play a better education supervision safeguard and promote the role,Effectively promote the school connotation development and the improvement of the quality of education,We need to more than ten years of school supervision evaluation practice and summarize experience of ascension,The mechanism of evaluation for the school supervision system reform and innovation.

　　目前，各地普遍建立了中小学校督导评估制度，29个省（区、市）制定了中小学校督导评估指标体系和实施方案，学校督导评估工作的全面开展，对促进学校加强管理，提高办学水平起到了重要的促进作用。但学校督导评估工作的开展主要依据的是1997年原国家教委印发的《普通中小学督导评估工作指导纲要》（简称《指导纲要》）。随着我国基础教育改革发展的深入和新形势新任务的变化，《指导纲要》在督导评估的理念、内容和方法明显滞后，督导评估的工作机制和制度也有待完善。面对当前学校存在的管理不规范，国家规定的课程计划难以完全落实；课堂教学重知识传授和学科成绩，忽视学生的身心健康和能力培养；学生课业负担过重等问题，需要通过开展学校督导评估加以督促和改进，确保素质教育全面实施。

At present,Common around the established evaluation system of small and medium-sized school supervision,29 provinces(area/city)Formulated the small and medium-sized school supervision evaluation index system and implementation scheme,School supervision evaluation work in an all-round way,To promote the school to strengthen management,Improve the level played an important role.But the school supervision evaluation work development is based mainly on 1997 issued by the former state education commission of[Average middle and primary school supervision evaluation guidelines](Referred to as[guidelines]).Along with our country's basic education reform and development and the deepening of the new situation and new tasks changes,[guidelines]In the supervision evaluation concept/The content and the method obviously lag,Supervision appraisal work of mechanism and system also needs to be perfect.Facing the current school existing management is not standard,The provisions of the state curriculum plan is difficult to fully implement;Classroom teaching heavy knowledge and discipline result,Ignore students' physical and mental health and ability training;The student schoolwork burden overweight problems,Need through the development of school supervision evaluation to supervise and improve,To ensure the full implementation of quality education.

　　二、学校督导评估工作应坚持哪些原则？ two/School supervision evaluation work which should be insisted on the principle?

　　育人为本是教育工作的根本要求，促进学生健康成长是学校一切工作的出发点和落脚点。根据《教育督导条例》的规定要求，《意见》明确提出，学校督导评估要坚持三个基本原则。一是要坚持以学生发展为本，把学校教育教学是否适应全体学生发展作为衡量学校办学水平的主要标准。督促学校贯彻教育法规、政策和方针，遵循教育教学规律和学生身心发展规律，为每个学生提供适合的教育。二是要坚持以学校发展为重，既重视学校的结果，更注重教育教学的过程，切实推动学校深化教育教学改革，全面实施素质教育、全面提高教育质量。三是要坚持规范办学行为与鼓励办出特色相结合，在督促学校依法办学、规范管理的同时，更注意保护和发挥学校的个性和特点，促进学校的特色发展。

Education is the education work is the fundamental requirement,To promote students' healthy growth is the school all work starting point and the foothold.According to[Education supervision regulations]Requirements of,[opinion]Clearly put forward,School supervision evaluation to adhere to the three basic principles.One is to adhere to the students' development for this,The school education teaching is to adapt to the development of all students as a measure of school running level of main standard.Supervise and urge school carry out education regulations/Policies and guidelines,Follow the education teaching regularity and students' physical and psychological law of development,For every student with suitable education.The second is to adhere to the school development as heavy,The results of both pay attention to the school,Pay more attention to education teaching process,Ensure the promotion of school education to deepen teaching reform,Full implementation of quality education/Improve the quality of education.3 it is to want to insist on regulating the behavior and encourage characterizing combination,In the urge school education according to law/Standardized management at the same time,Pay more attention to the protection and play school personality and characteristics,To promote the development of school characteristics.

　三、学校督导评估的主要内容有哪些？ three/The main content of school supervision evaluation what?

　　促进学校全面实施素质教育，全面提高教育质量是新时期赋予教育督导的重要任务。为此，《意见》从四个方面提出了学校督导评估的主要内容。

To promote the full implementation of quality education,Improve the quality of education in the new period is the important task to education supervision.therefore,[opinion]From four aspects to supervise the school put forward the main content of the assessment.

　　一是健全规章制度、依法规范办学的情况，主要包括学校制定学校章程和发展规划；实行目标管理和绩效管理，完善学校自评制度和质量评价机制；健全安全保卫制度和工作机制；建立健全校务公开、民主监督、社会参与的现代学校管理制度等方面。二是有效使用资源、提高管理效率的情况，主要包括学校对教师教学活动的指导和专业发展的支持；资金的科学预算和规范使用，设备设施和图书资料的有效使用；校园文化建设；与社区合作、利用社会资源等方面。三是优化教学管理、提高教学质量的情况，主要包括学校执行国家课程方案和学科课程标准，开足开好规定课程；开展课程和课堂改革，促进德育、智育、体育、美育有机结合；改进教学方式，创新教学方法，注重因材施教，增强教学效果；合理安排学生作息和锻炼，切实减轻过重课业负担等方面。四是学生的健康成长和全面发展的情况，主要包括学生思想道德素质、科学文化素质养成和身心健康发展的情况；学习兴趣、良好习惯培养的情况；审美情趣、人文素养的形成和实践能力、创新精神培养等方面，也包括学校对学生进行综合素质评价的情况。

One is to improve the rules and regulations/To standardize the situation,Mainly includes the school make the school rules and development planning;Implement target management and performance management,Perfect school self-evaluation system and quality evaluation mechanism;Perfect security system and working mechanism;Establish and improve the general public/Democratic supervision/Social participation in the modern school management system, etc.The second is the effective use of resources/Improve the efficiency of management situation,Mainly includes the school to teachers' teaching activities guidance and professional development support;Funds scientific budget and the standard is used,Equipment and facilities and the efficient use of the library materials;Campus cultural construction;And community cooperation/The use of social resources, etc.Three is to optimize teaching management/Improve the quality of teaching situation,Mainly includes the school implement national curriculum plan and discipline curriculum standard,Full open good regulation course;In developing courses and classroom reform,Promote moral education/Intellectual education/sports/Organic combination of aesthetic education;Improve teaching modes,Innovative teaching methods,Pay attention to teach students in accordance with their aptitude,Enhance the teaching effect;Reasonable arrangement of student work and rest and exercise,To reduce the schoolwork burden overweight, etc.The fourth is the healthy growth of the students and all-round development situation,Mainly includes the ideological and moral qualities of students/A scientific and cultural qualities and health of body and mind development of the situation;Interest in learning/Good habit of culture;Aesthetic temperament and interest/The formation of humane quality and practice ability/The innovative spirit culture and so on,Also includes school students comprehensive quality evaluation of the situation.

　　四、学校督导评估工作应建立和完善哪些基本制度？ four/School supervision evaluation shall establish and improve what are the basic system?

　　充分发挥教育督导的监督指导作用，提高督导评估的针对性和有效性，需要建立和完善督导评估相关工作制度。《意见》在对十几年来各地学校督导评估工作经验和做法进行总结提升的基础上，按照《教育督导条例》的相关规定，重点提出新时期学校督导评估要建立和完善四项基本制度：

Give full play to the education supervision of the supervision and guidance,Improve the supervision evaluation the pertinence and validity,Need to establish and perfect the supervision evaluation related working system.[opinion]In the ten years schools around supervision evaluation work experience and practice was summarized on the basis of ascension,According to the[Education supervision regulations]The relevant provisions of the,This paper suggests a new period school supervision evaluation to build and improve the four basic system:

　　一是定期督导评估制度。要求县级教育督导部门5年至少对本行政区域内的中小学校实施一次综合督导评估。

One is the regular supervision evaluation system.Education supervision department at or above the county level for at least five years within their respective administrative areas of small and medium-sized school implementing a comprehensive supervision evaluation.

　　二是督学责任区制度。要求县级教育督导部门根据行政区域内学校的数量和布局，划分责任区，配备责任督学，明确职责任务，对责任区域的中小学校进行经常性督导。

The second is the superintendent aor system.Education supervision department at or above the county level according to the requirements in the administrative areas of the quantity and arrangement of the school,Division of responsibility,Equipped with responsibility school inspector,Clear responsibilities,To responsible area of small and medium-sized school for regular supervision.

　　三是限期整改制度。在督导评估中要帮助学校诊断发展中存在的问题，注重指导学校改进教学工作，对存在的问题实行限期整改。

The third is deadline rectification system.In the supervision evaluation to help school problems existing in the development of diagnosis,Pay attention to guiding the school to improve the teaching work,The existing problems and rectification be conducted within.

　　四是公报制度。督导评估结束后，要向社会公布督导评估结果，接受社会监督。

The fourth is communique system.After the evaluation of supervision,To publicize the supervision evaluation results,Accept social supervision.

　五、学校督导评估的结果怎样运用？ five/School supervision evaluation results how to use?

　　结果的有效运用是充分发挥教育督导评估作用的关键。因此，《意见》提出，学校督导评估完成后，要向本级人民政府报告学校督导评估情况，以促进有关部门切实履行职责和帮助学校有效解决问题；要向本级教育行政部门通报学校评估结果，提出督导建议，并作为考核问责和实行奖惩的重要依据；要向上级教育督导机构报告，提供统计信息和决策依据。

Results the effective use is give full play to the education supervision evaluation function of the key.therefore,[opinion]Put forward,After completion of school supervision evaluation,To the people's government report school supervision evaluation situation,In order to promote the relevant departments to perform their duties and help the school effective problem solving;To the education administrative departments school assessment results,Put forward Suggestions to supervise the,And as assessment accountability and implement the important basis of rewards and punishments;To superior education supervision agencies report,To provide statistical information and decision-making basis.

　六、如何落实各级督导机构责任，保证中小学校督导评估工作的顺利开展？ six/How to implement the supervision agencies at all levels of responsibility,Ensure that small and medium-sized school supervision evaluation work smoothly?

　　为确保督导评估各项工作落到实处，《意见》进一步明确了国家、省、市、县在学校督导评估工作中的职责分工，具体而言：国务院教育督导机构加强对学校督导评估工作的宏观管理和政策指导，对各省（区、市）学校督导评估工作进行督查，定期发布国家教育督导报告。省级教育督导机构制定工作规划，按照整体推进、分类指导的原则，制定适合本地区学校改革发展的督导评估标准和实施办法，组织对市、县的工作检查和督导评估。市、县两级教育督导机构按照省级督导部门确定的标准和周期，制订实施计划和工作规范，对所属中小学校进行督导评估。《意见》还进一步要求各地明确工作职责任务，配齐督导人员，改善工作条件，提供经费保障。要加强督学能力建设，不断提高学校督导评估工作的水平和质量。

To ensure that the supervision evaluation the work into effect,[opinion]Further clear the country/province/city/County in the school supervision evaluation work of the duty division of labor,In particular:The state council education supervision institutions to strengthen school supervision evaluation work of the macroscopic management and policy guidance,To the provinces(area/city)School supervision evaluation of supervision work,Regularly issue national education supervision report.The provincial education supervision agency to develop work planning,According to the overall development of/The principle of classified guidance,Are suitable for this area school reform and development of the supervision evaluation standards and implementation measures,Organization for city/County work inspection and supervision evaluation.city/County two levels of education supervision institutions shall, in accordance with the provincial supervision department established standards and cycle,Formulate implementation plans and job specification,Subordinate to small and medium-sized school supervision evaluation.[opinion]Further requires all clear responsibilities,Trued supervisor,Improved working conditions,Provide funds to guarantee the.To strengthen the school inspector ability construction,Continuously improve school supervision evaluation level and quality.