四大教育集团横空出世，人们议论纷纷，或赞成，或期待，或怀疑。喜的是普通校可以牵手名校，阔步加速向前；忧的是每所名校要带4-5所学校，试点3年，这么短的时间，集团化能否承受如此重担？更多的人关心的是，教育集团化是否可以作为一种新趋势让“择校热”降降温？集团化真的是教育走向均衡的速效良方吗？

Four big education group birth without notice,People talking,Or approve of,Or looking forward to,Or doubt.Happy is ordinary school school can hand in hand,Acceleration stride forward;Of care is each school will take 4-5 schools,Pilot 3 years,Such a short time,Collectivize can bear such a burden?More and more people are concerned about,Education collectivization whether can serve as a kind of new trend that"Will be hot"cool?Collectivization is really education towards balanced loading silver bullet?

是“乘电梯”，还是“建围墙”？ is"Take the elevator",or"Built enclosure"?

　　劳凯声（首都师范大学教育政策与法律研究院院长）：可以说，目前北京市的学校，硬件条件上的差距并不是太大，它们之间实力的差距主要体现在学校软实力方面，比如学校的文化、办学的模式、办学的理念等。这些东西花钱买不来的，需要一个学校整体上的文化创新。

LaoKai sound(The capital normal university education policy and legal research institute President):Can say,The present Beijing school,The gap in the hardware conditions and is not too big,The gap between them strength are mainly embodied in the aspects of school soft power,Such as the school culture/Mode of running/The concept of education, etc.These things money can't buy the,Need a school overall cultural innovation.

　　北京市西城区此次将学校划分成四大集团，让一些比较有公信力的学校起到一个带头示范的作用。通过校长、老师之间的交流提升普通学校的教育理念，使之达到向优质校迈进的目标。长此以往，这种良性的效应就会像滚雪球一样扩散开来，从而整体地提高基础教育学校的办学质量。至于收效的显著与否，或者能否在短时间内有一个很大的改变，这其实都是需要根据各个不同的学校区别讨论的。

Beijing xicheng district the school will be divided into four groups,Let some more credibility schools play a lead the demonstration role.Through the principal/The teacher improve communication between ordinary school education concept,To achieve the goal of high quality to the school forward.In the long run,This kind of benign effect will be like snowball as spread,Thus the whole foundation education to improve the quality of the school.As for the resulting significant or not,In a short time or whether there were a big change,It is need according to different school difference of discussion.

　　杨小微（华东师范大学基础教育改革与发展研究所所长）：集团化办学，从某种层面上而言是有利于教育均衡问题的解决。首先，它在一定程度上可以淡化老百姓对名校和普通学校之间的区分，从生源的层面上为均衡化起到了一定的保障作用。其次，集团化教育所提供的扩大优质教育资源、互动共享模式，为集团中的每个学校提供了优质资源共享的可能，探索出一条具有“电梯”效应的快速发展道路。

YangXiaoWei(East China normal university foundation education reform and development institute director):Collectivization running,From a certain level in education is conducive to balance to the solution of the problem.First of all,It to a certain extent, can desalt of people in school and ordinary school distinguish between,From the level of the students for the equalization and play a certain role.secondly,The expansion of group education to provide high quality education resources/Interactive sharing model,For group of every school provides high quality resources sharing possible,To explore an has"elevator"Effect of rapid development road.

　　储朝晖（中国教育科学研究院研究员）：从我了解的情况看，这个措施就相当于某个小区看起来不整洁，建一个围墙把它围起来。一个学区的集团建立之后，责任主体的身份是模糊的。对于教育均衡问题，政府要做的不应该是简单地按照区域地理位置将学校强行拉郎配对。

Store from zhaohui(China's education scientific research institute researcher):I understand from the case,This measure is equivalent to a village don't look clean and tidy,Build a wall put this wall up.A school district after the establishment of the group,The main body of responsibility for identity is fuzzy.For education balance problems,The government should do should not be simply according to regional geographic position will be forced to pull school lang pairing.

如何协调适度规模与教育集团化的市场化 How to coordinate the moderate scale and the marketization of education collectivization

　　劳凯声：所谓集团化办学，从其他地方的经验来看，多多少少会借鉴一些市场化的机制。我担心的是集团化的办学逐步演变为一种完全由经济利益驱动的市场化、商业化的行为。

LaoKai sound:The so-called collectivization school,From other parts of the experience,More or less will consult some market mechanism.I worry about is the collectivization school gradually evolved into a completely by economic interests driven market/Commercial behavior.

　　杨小微：从2002年成立首个公立教育集团以来，到2011年，杭州的集团化在六个主城区已经覆盖了70%，比原定2010年覆盖率达65%的目标提高了5个百分点。但是在这个过程中，其实是存在一些问题的。原来杭州老城区里面比较好的中学，它们的规模都比较小，而周围几个教育集团的影响力很大，很多家长都追着那些集团跑，因此导致这些学校流失了一批优秀生源。所以集团化的建立，无疑会给集团外的一些学校增加压力。

YangXiaoWei:Founded in 2002 from the first public education since the group,By 2011,The group of hangzhou in six main urban areas has covered by 70%,Than the original 2010 coverage rate of 65% of the target increased by 5%.But in the process,Is actually exist some problems.The original hangzhou old town inside better high school,Their size is small,And several surrounding education group great influence,Many parents are chasing the group ran,Therefore lead to these school lost a batch of excellent students.So the establishment of the group,Will undoubtedly give group outside some schools increase pressure.

　　储朝晖：学校集团化后，权力机构随之发生变化，各所学校的校级管理权、教师自主教学权以及学生自主学习的权力等是否依旧能够有所保障是值得质疑的。同时，和权力主体一样模糊化的是这一集团的责任主体，作为集团本身到底有多少权力？谁来做主？而集团对于集团内的事务到底该不该负责？负多少责任？

Store from zhaohui:School after the collectivization,Authority change,The school management field/Teachers' independent right of teaching and the cultivation of students' autonomous learning power are still can have safeguard is questionable.At the same time,Main body and power as fuzzification are the main responsibility of the group,As the group itself how many power?Who will make decision?And group for group within the affairs exactly this shouldn't be responsible for?Negative much responsibility?

　　学校作为教育的一个基本单位，它本身存在一个“适度规模”。做大易，做强难，做精做优更难。管理的质量和效益是与管理的幅度成反比的，如果学校的规模超过了一定的范围，那么无论从管理层面上还是从经济层面上，它的效益就会下降。

School education as one of the basic unit,It is the presence of a"Moderate scale".Do big easy,Stronger difficult,Do fine do optimal more difficult.The quality and efficiency of management and management of the amplitude is inversely proportional,If the size of the school more than a certain range,So no matter from management face or from the economic level,Its benefits will fall.

集团化成为新趋势？ Collectivize become a new trend?

　　劳凯声：均衡教育资源是一个大方向。在各地，教育资源不均衡的问题是各不相同的，不可能用同一种方法去解决，而是应该因地制宜，对症下药。北京的学校在硬件上实际已经不存在太大的差距了，主要还是一个文化的问题。

LaoKai sound:Balance education resources is a way.In all,Education resource disproportion problem is different,Do not use the same kind of method to solve,But should adjust measures to local conditions,Suit the remedy to the case.Beijing school in hardware in practical to do not exist already too large gap between the,The main or a culture problem.

　　杨小微：教育均衡化其实可以有多条路径，各种模式都有利有弊。比如一个集团只有一个法人的模式，它的好处是易于管理，但是存在的问题是学校之间容易被同质化，从而使校园文化丧失自己的个性。

YangXiaoWei:Education equalization actually can have multiple paths,All kinds of model are both advantages and disadvantages.For example a group only a corporate mode,Its advantage is easy to management,But the problems are easy to be homogeneity between schools,So that the campus culture lose one's personality.

　　所以现在有些地方就逐渐调整为每个学校都有独立法人的集团模式，使几个学校之间形成一种既自主又合作的“松散联盟”。在一个集团的统一架构之下，现在最重要的是实行管理的“重心下移”。让每一个中层管理部门、每一个学科、每一个年级组都有自主策划和决策的空间与权利，让集团的存在成为它们之间扩大和加深交流的平台，这样才会取得实在的效果。教育的决策需要经过具体的调研，每个地区都有适合自己的不同的均衡化的道路。

So now, some places gradually adjusted for each school have the independent legal person group model,A few schools that formed between both an independent and cooperative"Loose union".In a group's unified framework,The most important thing now is to implement the management"Center of gravity down".Let every middle management department/Each subject/Each grade group have independent planning and decision space and rights,Let the group's existing between them become expand and deepen communication platform,This will obtain the effect of it.Education decision need to pass specific research,Each region has suits own different equalization road.

　　储朝晖：在整个区域内要形成一个良性的“学校生态”，人与人之间平等，学校是育人的，所以学校与学校是平等的，在平等的基础上适度竞争。而不是用单一的标准规划所有的学校，破坏学校之间的良性生态。（通讯员 王佳颖 记者 靳晓燕）

Store from zhaohui:In the whole region to form a benign"School ecological",Equality between people,The school is the educational,So the school and the school is equal,On the basis of equality moderate competition.Instead of a single standard planning all schools,Destruction between the school benign ecological.(Reporter correspondent WangJiaYing JinXiaoYan)