8月30日，国务院办公厅转发教育部等部门《关于做好进城务工人员随迁子女接受义务教育后在当地参加升学考试工作的意 见》(以下简称《意见》)，正式启动了各省落实随迁子女就地高考政策的进程。9月22日，北京大学法学院人大会议中心召集相关专家就落实随迁子女高考政策举行了研讨会，专家建议以在读高三学生的高考权利为突破口，以随迁子女在就读地连续就学年限为条件，推动随迁子女高考政策的实现。

On August 30,,The general office of the state council departments and so on ministry of education forward[The preparation for migrant workers SuiQian children receive compulsory education after the local attend school entrance examination work fancy see](Hereinafter referred to as[opinion]),Officially launched the implementation of provinces SuiQian children in situ the university entrance exam policy process.On September 22,Beijing university law school's National People's Congress conference center called relevant experts will implement the policy SuiQian children the university entrance exam held a seminar,Expert advice to students of senior three reading of the university entrance exam right as a breakthrough,To SuiQian children attend school in continuous fixed number of year for conditions,To promote the realization of the university entrance exam SuiQian children policy.

　　

连续4年的学籍可以排除高考移民 Four consecutive years of student status can eliminate the college entrance examination immigration

　　徐昕

printed

　　徐昕说，经过了解，绝大多数北京市民愿意支持这样一种平等教育权的实施，关键是如何打击高考移民，以及如何解决随迁子女在就读地升学考试带来的招生名额分配问题。

Printed said,After understanding,The vast majority of citizens in Beijing would like to support such a equal right to receive education implementation,The key is how to strike the college entrance examination immigration,And how to solve the SuiQian children enrolled in the eleven-plus brings enrollment quota allocation problem.

　　怎样去切实有效打击高考移民？徐昕认为，高考移民这两年很严重，如果有有效的方法能够识别，那么政府就应该推广。《意见》中讲到了3项条件，他把3项条件贴在了微博上。查看评论，大家认为不现实、不可执行、不可操作。徐昕觉得通过学籍认定随迁子女升学考试的资格非常合理，如果有连续4年的学籍，应当可以保证学生不是高考移民。同时还要打击学籍造假的现象。

How to effectively strike college entrance examination immigrant?Printed think,College entrance examination immigrant this two years is very serious,If there is a effective method to recognize,So the government should be popularized.[opinion]Talked about the three essential conditions,He put the three items condition posted on the micro blog.View comments,We don't think it is real/unenforceable/Not operation.Printed think through the school children that SuiQian entrance exam qualification is very reasonable,If there are four consecutive years of student status,Should be able to ensure that students are not college entrance examination immigrant.At the same time also blow the phenomenon of cheating student status.

　　有多少随迁子女？徐昕说，教育体制是按计划来运作的，是中国计划经济的最后一个堡垒，我国的高考还是按照指标的方式进行招生。他检索了一些信息：北京市中小学学生共120万人，有47.8万人是借读。初中的借读生比例是6%到10%，小学是40%。了解这样一个形势后，我们只能分阶段来解决，首先要解决今年的高三非京籍在本地考试的问题。

How many SuiQian children?Printed said,Education system is scheduled to function,China's planned economy is the last bastion,China's college entrance examination or according to the index way recruit students.He search some information:Beijing primary and secondary school students 1.2 million people,There are 478000 people is unwelcome.Junior high school of JieDouSheng proportion is 6% to 10%,Primary school is 40%.To understand such a situation after,We can only points stage to solve,First of all to solve this year's senior year than the record in local exam questions.

　　徐昕认为，远期来看，我们期待进行法律诉讼。因为有许多随迁子女没有受到公平待遇，牺牲了教育权利，可以通过诉讼的方式解决教育公平问题。法院很可能98%不立案，但是必须要有短期、中期、长期的方案。

Printed think,Forward to see,We are looking forward to legal proceedings.Because there are many SuiQian children were not fair treatment,At the expense of his education rights,Can through the litigant means to solve education fairness.Court probably 98% don't put on record,But must want to have short-term/middle/Long-term plan.

　　

以在读高三学生参加高考为突破口 To reading three students to attend the university entrance exam as a breakthrough

　　熊伟(北京新启蒙中心负责人)

XiongWei(Beijing new enlightenment center person in charge)

　　熊伟建议及时实施异地高考方案，以解高三学生燃眉之急。许多孩子从小学、初中开始，随着父母在外地上学，现在不能回原籍参加高考，因为按照现在的规定，参加高考要在当地有连续3年的学籍，许多随迁子女达不到这个要求，回去也不能参加高考，现在北京和各地有很多这样的情况。

XiongWei suggestion timely implementation of different college entrance examination scheme,Solution to students of senior three burning issue.Many children from elementary school/Junior high school began to,As parents in the field to go to school,Now cannot return home to participate in college entrance examination,Because according to the provisions of the now,To participate in college entrance examination in the local have three consecutive years of student status,Many SuiQian children could not reach the requirements,Go back to also cannot attend the university entrance exam,Now Beijing around and there are a lot of this situation.

　　熊伟说，现在必须要考虑高三学生报名2013年高考的事情。江苏从11月1日开始报名，黑龙江从11月15日开始报名，北京要到12月1日才开始报名。假如各地的实施细则不能及时出台，随迁子女及其家长将面临两难的选择：是在原籍报名、还是在居住工作地报名？假如一名进京务工的江苏籍学生为了等待北京的异地高考实施细则，而耽误了在江苏的报名；如果最后北京规定要到2014年放开异地高考的话，那么这名学生面临着2013年无法高考的困境。

XiongWei said,Now have to consider the high school students in 2013 college entrance examination's things.Jiangsu from November 1, to begin to sign up,Heilongjiang from November 15, to begin to sign up,Beijing to December 1st began to sign up.If the detailed rules for the implementation of all cannot appear promptly,SuiQian children and their parents will face a dilemma choice:Is in the home/Or in the residential registration work?If a work goes to the capital of jiangsu by students in order to wait for Beijing "the detailed rules for the implementation of the university entrance exam,And delay the application in jiangsu;If the provisions of Beijing to 2014 different words let go of the college entrance examination,So the student facing 2013 can't the plight of the university entrance exam.

　　现在读高三的学生，明年参加高考，今年就必须报名，熊伟觉得可以把这个事情作为一个突破口，要求相关部门对明年参加高考的随迁子女特事特办，解决燃眉之急。

Now read the high three students,Participate in college entrance examination next year,This year will have to sign up,XiongWei think can put this thing as a breakthrough,Requirements related departments to participate in college entrance examination next year the SuiQian children's center to do,Solve the burning issue.

　　按《意见》规定，原则上各地要在2012年底出台异地高考的细则；同时又提出北京、上海等人口流入集中的地区要进一步摸清底数，掌握非本地户籍人口变动和随迁子女就学等情况，抓紧建立健全进城务工人员管理制度，制定出台有关随迁子女升学考试的方案。这实际上给了北京、上海一个缓冲的时间，并不一定是2012年底出台细则。对此，熊伟表示，我们必须要保障全国高三学生的高考权利，不管在哪里读书，都要有参加高考的权利。关于高三学生中的随迁子女在就读地参加高考的条件，熊伟觉得只需要两个：第一从初一到高三，连续在北京读书，有学籍；第二，家长任何一方在北京有固定工作。同时，他呼吁全国性重点高校要按照各地参加高考的人数分配名额，并且照顾边远地区。

According to the[opinion]provisions,In principle to all in the end of 2012 on different college entrance examination's rules;At the same time, Beijing is put forward/Shanghai population into concentrated region should further understanding base number,Master non-native household register population change and SuiQian children's schooling, etc,To establish and perfect the management system of rural migrant workers,Promulgated on SuiQian children eleven-plus solutions.This, in fact, to Beijing/Shanghai a buffer time,It is not the end of 2012 issued rules.this,XiongWei said,We must safeguard national high school students of the university entrance exam right,No matter where reading,Should have the right to participate in college entrance examination.About the high school students in the SuiQian children attend to attend the university entrance exam conditions,XiongWei think only need two:From the first new moon to year 12,Continuous study in Beijing,Students have;The second,Parents any party in Beijing have fixed work.At the same time,He called for national key universities according to the number of all participate in college entrance examination distribution quota,And take care of remote areas.

　　

随迁子女参加高考的条件不能过于苛刻 SuiQian children attend the university entrance exam conditions cannot be too harsh

　　张千帆(北京大学法学院教授)

ZhangQianFan(Beijing university law school professor)

　　《意见》不仅明确规定符合条件的随迁子女有权在当地参加高考，而且还隐含了他们和当地户籍的考生同样按当地标准录取的原则。《意见》特别提到，将对京沪等随迁子女数量较大的省份增加招生名额，以免增加当地考生的升学竞争压力。张千帆说，假如随迁子女只是在当地参加高考，录取还是占用其户籍所在地的招生指标，那么就不存在影响当地录取比例的问题。由于在分省命题体制下不可能公正合理地折算不同地区、不同试卷的考分，对随迁子女只能实行“在哪里考试、在哪里录取”的原则。换言之，异地高考必然意味着同等录取，符合条件的随迁子女必须享受和当地户籍考生同样的录取机会。为了体现统筹考虑、多方协调，这就需要增加当地招生指标。

[opinion]Not only accord with the requirement specified in the local SuiQian children shall have the right to attend the university entrance exam,But also implied them and local the registered permanent residence of the examinee also by local standards accepted principle.[opinion]Specific mention of,Will SuiQian children such as beijing-shanghai greater number of provinces increase student enrollment,In order to avoid increase local examinee entrance pressure of competition.ZhangQianFan said,If SuiQian children only in local attend the university entrance exam,Admission or occupy the census register seat admissions index,It does not exist influence local admission proportion of problem.Because the points province proposition system impossible for a fair and reasonable reduced different areas/Different paper grades,To SuiQian children can only implement"Where the exam/Where admission"principle.In other words,Different college entrance examination will mean the same admission,Meet the conditions of the SuiQian children must enjoy and local census register examinee the same admission opportunity.In order to reflect overall consideration/Polytropic coordination,This need to increase the local recruitment index.

　　张千帆认为，首先，随迁子女参加高考的条件不能过于苛刻。教育部在座谈会上明确，这类条件包含两个方面 学生的条件和家长的条件。学生必须有连续就学的年限，一般是完整的高中3年学历。对于京沪等随迁子女数量较大的地区，或许可以适当提高门槛，譬如要求完整的高中学历加上一年的初中学历，但是门槛不宜过高，譬如显然不宜要求小学学历。家长则须有“稳定”的职业和住所及参加社保的记录，但是要求的年限不宜过长，而应该和学生的学历年限基本接轨。

ZhangQianFan think,First of all,SuiQian children attend the university entrance exam conditions cannot be too harsh.The ministry of education in the symposium clear,This kind of condition includes two aspects students' condition and the condition of parents.Students must have a continuous fixed number of year of study,The general is a complete high school degree in 3 years.For the beijing-shanghai, etc SuiQian children greater number of areas,Perhaps may appropriately raise the threshold,Such as the requirements of the complete high school education and that of the previous year junior high school degree,But the threshold is unfavorable and exorbitant,Such as obviously unfavorable for primary school education.The parents must be"stable"Professional and shelter and attend social security record,But the requirements of the fixed number of year shoulds not be too long,But should and students' degree fixed number of year basic standards.

　　其次，虽然《意见》未统一规定地方落实异地高考方案的期限，但是各地显然不宜拖延太久，因为每年都有成千上万的随迁子女等着高考，他们是拖不起的。率先出台的“山东方案”将于2014年起正式实施，其他地方似乎也没有理由推迟实施异地高考方案。即便对于京沪等特殊地区，在年底前制定相关方案后，一年多的时间足以为妥善落实方案做好各种准备。事实上，对于一直在这些城市就学、马上就要读完高中并报名高考的随迁子女，明年即应接纳这些学生在当地高考。由于这个人群数量有限，接纳他们在当地高考和录取并不会对当地户籍的考生造成显著冲击。

secondly,although[opinion]Not unified regulation local implementation scheme of different college entrance examination period,But not all obviously delay too long,Because each year thousands of SuiQian children waiting for the university entrance exam,They are not of the drag.Take the lead in on the introduction of the"Shandong scheme"In 2014 will be the formal implementation,Other place also seems to be no reason to delay implementation different college entrance examination scheme.Even for the beijing-shanghai and other special areas,Before the end of the year after formulating relevant solutions,More than a year of time enough to properly implement solutions to all kinds of preparation.In fact,To have been in the city school attendance/Will soon finished high school and university entrance exam registration SuiQian children,That next year should accept these students in local college entrance examination.Because the population quantity is limited,Accept them at a local college entrance examination and admission is not the registered permanent residence of local examinee cause significant impact.

　　最后，如果有的省市对随迁子女参加高考设置了不合理的限制，或故意拖延落实方案的时间，违背了《意见》的原则和精神，导致广泛的社会批评和负面影响，那么利益受到损害的公民应有权向国务院及有关部门对方案的合法性与合理性提出复议，中央相关部门则有义务责令地方改正。

finally,If some provinces and cities SuiQian children to attend the university entrance exam set unreasonable restrictions,Or delay implementation scheme of time,Rebelled against the[opinion]The principles and spirit,Lead to extensive social criticism and negative effects,Then damage interests of the citizens shall have the authority to the state council and relevant departments to plan the legality and rationality review put forward,The central related departments have obligations shall be ordered to correct place.

　　

公民有迁徙自由的权利 Citizens have the right to freedom of movement

　　牟效波(北京行政学院教师)

MouXiaoBo(Beijing administrative college teachers)

　　牟效波说，这个《意见》把制定随迁子女高考政策的权力下放给地方政府，有可能导致不能落实。他觉得《意见》存在的根本问题就是它的出发点，它要求各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府要根据城市功能定位、产业结构布局来制定随迁子女升学考试具体政策。各行各业人员的存在，是城市发展的基础，是城市繁荣度、生命力的体现。强制逼退所谓的“低端”劳动力，其结果必然是百姓生活变得极为不便，生活成本大幅提高，城市经济秩序将被严重破坏。这涉及到公民的迁徙自由，这是《宪法》中隐含着的公民权利。公民在国内迁徙到北京，即使什么都不做，也应该受到平等的对待。但是《意见》中要求进城务工人员要有固定工作，其子女才能在就读地高考，显然有悖于公民的迁徙自由权利。

MouXiaoBo said,this[opinion]The children make SuiQian college entrance examination policy power transferred to local government,May cause cannot carry out.He felt[opinion]Existing the fundamental problem is the starting point of it,It requires the provinces/Autonomous region/Municipalities directly under the central government according to the city function orientation/Distribution of industry structure in order to formulate the SuiQian children eleven-plus specific policy.All walks of life the existence of personnel,Is the basis of urban development,Is the city prosperity degrees/Vitality embodied.Compulsory force back the so-called"low"labor,The result is necessarily people life has become extremely inconvenient,Cost of living increase,Urban economic order will be severely damaged.This involves citizens' freedom of movement,This is[constitution]Implicit in the civil rights.Citizens in the domestic migration to Beijing,Even if what all don't do,Also should be equal treatment.but[opinion]The requirement in the migrant workers to have fixed work,The children to attend the university entrance exam in the land,Obviously contrary to citizens' right to freedom of movement.

　　牟效波谈到高考移民时说，《意见》要求随迁子女在当地连续就学一定年限，这是为了防止高考移民。高考移民是防止占用落后地区的教育资源，但高考移民在北京也成立吗？他认为北京的教育资源很丰富，现在给北京的升学名额很多，造成了高考招生中的不平等。即使随迁子女在北京就读升学，占用了北京学生的招生计划，但很可能北京的招生比例仍然要高于其他地区，高考移民这个问题在北京不存在。

MouXiaoBo when it comes to the university entrance exam said immigrants,[opinion]Requirements SuiQian children in local continuous study must be fixed number of year,This is to prevent the college entrance examination immigration.The college entrance examination immigration is to prevent occupancy backward area of the education resources,But the college entrance examination immigration in Beijing also established?He believed that Beijing's education resources are abundant,Now give Beijing studies many places,Caused the college entrance examination enrollment of inequality.Even if SuiQian children studying in Beijing entrance,Take the Beijing students enrollment plan,But it is likely to be a scale of recruiting students in Beijing is still higher than other area,College entrance examination immigrant this problem in Beijing does not exist.

　　

通过立法保护随迁子女受教育权利 Through the legislation to protect the children SuiQian by education rights

　　郭道晖(著名法学家、法治思想家)

GuoDaoHui(Famous jurists/Law thinker)

　　郭道晖认为，现在招生中存在着等级不平等，这个等级表现在户籍上面，你是农村的还是城市的、是本地的还是外地的。这样做是很落后的，没有道理。他觉得《意见》中规定随迁子女考大学的准入条件，要以城市的需要来衡量，这是鼓励地方保护主义的政策。这个要求从逻辑上是讲不通的，学生是来城市上学的，只有从学校毕业之后才能够为城市做贡献。所以这个要求不是限制学生，而是限制他们进城的家长。

GuoDaoHui think,Now recruit students there are level inequality,The performance level in census register it,You are the rural or urban/Is the local or field.It is very backward,There's no reason to.He felt[opinion]SuiQian stipulated in the children of the university of test access conditions,With the city's needs to measure,This is to encourage the regional protectionism the policy.This requirement logically makes no sense,Students come to the city to go to school,Only graduated from the school can make contributions for the city.So this requirement is not limit students,But to limit their parents.

　　郭道晖说，高考移民现象是由不合理的招生考试制度造成的。四部委的意见只能是规章制度，是一个红头文件，还谈不上法律，以红头文件、规章制度剥夺公民平等受教育的权利，这是很不规范的。他建议把所谓的意见上升为真正的法规，提交人大进入立法程序。最后要解决所谓的高考移民的问题，要抓住“宪法面前，人人平等；分数面前，人人平等”的原则，实行全国统一考试，公平录取。

GuoDaoHui said,College entrance examination immigrant phenomenon is the unreasonable the recruitment of students test system of the cause.Four ministries and commissions opinions can only be rules and regulations,Is a red head document,Also far from legal,With red head document/Rules and regulations to deprive citizens the right to equality by education,It is not standardized.He suggested that the so-called opinion increased to real laws and regulations,Submitted to the National People's Congress in the legislative process.Finally to solve the so-called college entrance examination immigrant problems,the"Before the constitution,Everyone is equal;Before marks,Everyone is equal"principle,Implement the unified national examination,Fair admission.