现行模式设计 Current mode design

　　面对多种选修课模式，我们应做何抉择？本次高中课程改革在充分吸收国外选修课模式的优点与总结我国选修课经验的基础上，对选修课（也包括必修课）的内容与结构进行了全新的设计，归纳起来，有以下五个特点。

In the face of a variety of elective course mode,We should do what choices?The high school curriculum reform in fully absorbing foreign elective course mode in our country and summarizes advantages on the basis of experience of elective courses,To elective course(Also includes a required course)The content and structure of the new design,To sum up,Has the following five characteristics.

模块化 modular

　　所谓模块是指为实现一定教育目标，围绕某一主题，通过整合学习领域的相关内容和学生经验而设计的相对完整、稳定的学习单元。与以往选修科目相比，作为构成科目的基本单元，模块具有下述优点：相对独立，有一定的体系，能为学生提供完整的知识；开放灵活，相对稳定的模块可根据知识发展与社会需要适当更新和调整，在有限模块内增加或减少相关内容，既有利于解决学校科目设置相对稳定与现代科学迅猛发展的矛盾，又在一定程度上避免像美国那样选修科目过多、内容过滥的弊端，避免科目膨胀，有利于减轻学生的学业负担；内容整合，模块是按知识领域进行划分的，有机整合相关领域与学科的内容，有助于加强学科之间的交叉、渗透，实现知识的内在融合。因此，模块课程能较好地吸收多种选修课模式的优点，就目前而言不失为一种理想的选择。

The so-called module is to point to to achieve a certain education goal,Around a theme,Through the integration of learning areas relevant content and students experience and design of relatively complete/Stability of the unit of learning.Compared with the previous elective subjects,As constituting the basic unit of the subject,Module has the following advantages:Relatively independent,Have certain system,Students can provide a complete knowledge;Open flexible,Relatively stable module can be according to the knowledge development and social need appropriate update and adjust,In the limited module increase or decrease relevant content,Is advantageous to solve the school subjects Settings relative stability and the rapid development of modern science contradiction,And to some extent avoid like us too many electives/The disadvantages of excessive content,Avoid subjects expansion,To reduce the students' academic burden;Content integration,According to the knowledge module is divided into areas,The organic integration of related fields and the content of the subject,To strengthen the intersection of discipline/penetration,To realize the internal knowledge fusion.therefore,Module courses can well absorb a variety of elective course mode advantages,As for the present can yet be regarded as a kind of ideal choice.

多样化 diversification

　　首先，从课程结构看，选修模块之间的关系多种多样：既有递进关系（如英语选修系列I有六个模块，依顺序开设），又有并列关系（如英语选修系列n的模块相对独立，可自由选择），还有交叉关系。其次，从课程功能看，模块功能多种多样，不像以往那样笼统，要么服务于升学，要么服务于就业，而是更加具体，已深入到学科甚至专题上，学生可在自己感兴趣的学科与方向上进行发展。再次，从课程类型看，模块类型增多了，既有学科内选修模块，也有学科外选修模块，学科内选修范围大大拓展，除增加艺术、技术课程外，每门课程的选修新增了很多与当代科技、社会、职业发展相关的知识与内容，学校设置的选修模块更加灵活多样，学生自主选择的空间得到拓展，从而有助于学生形成个性化的课程修习计划。

First of all,From the course structure to see,The relationship between the elective module is varied:Both progressive relationship(Such as English elective series I have six modules,In order to open),And a parallel relationship(Such as English elective series n module relatively independent,Can be free to choose),There are cross relationship.secondly,See from course function,Various module function,Not as usual general,Either in the service entrance,Or service in the employment,But more specific,Already deep into the subject even on the project,Students can be interested in his discipline and direction for development.again,From the course type look,Module type increased,In both disciplines elective module,Also have discipline external elective module,Within the scope of elective subject greatly expand,In addition to increasing art/Technology curriculum outside,Each course of take as an elective course add a lot of and contemporary science and technology/social/Professional development of the related knowledge and content,School set elective module more flexible,Students' independent choice of the space developed,So as to help students form personalized course coursework planning.

层次化 hierarchical

　　为了适应不同层次学生和同一学生不同层次的需要，本次高中课程改革的选修课可分为两个层次：国家规定的选修模块与学校自主设置的选修模块。前者主要着眼于保障学生的基本学力，大多具有较强的基础性、学术性和均衡性，以利于提高学生基本的科学文化道德素养，服务学生的终身发展。后者与个性发展、职业技术联系密切，更多地满足学生的兴趣、爱好，发展学生的专长特长，有利于各校充分利用本地本校教育资源，开设丰富多彩的选修课程，走有特色、可持续发展之路。

In order to adapt to different levels of students and the same students' different levels of need,The high school curriculum reform elective course can be divided into two levels:The provisions of the state elective module and school independent set elective module.The former mainly focused on security of the students' basic professional qualification,Most of the strong basic/Academic and balance,Order to raise the students' basic scientific and cultural moral accomplishment,Service student's lifelong development.The latter and personality development/Vocational and technical contact closely,More to meet the students' interest/hobby,Developing students' specialty specialty,The schools to make full use of the local school education resources,Open colorful electives,Go have characteristics/The road of sustainable development.

弹性化 flexiblization

　　其一，必修课与选修课的定位有一定的弹性，并非径渭分明。如艺术课程的必修模块实际上是在4个系列中的16个选修模块中选择6个模块加以确定的。其二，学生选课的弹性。学生可根据自己的兴趣、需要和志向进行选择，对于必修课程中的选修模块，只规定基本的学分要求，而对“学有余力”和“兴趣志向”的学生倡导多多益善。就一些科目而言，学生可选可不选，可多选也可少选，“下不保底，上不封顶”。其三，选修课与必修课的比例也有一定的弹性。尽管高中课程计划规定学生三年里，国家规定的选修模块达到22个学分，在学校自主设置的选修课程中达到6个模块（选修模块学分共计占总学分的19%），但这只是最低要求，而对上线不做规定，这样，学生实际的选修模块可能不止28个学分，体现了选修课程与必修课比例的弹性。

one,A required course and the elective course orientation have certain elasticity,Wei diameter is not clear.Such as art course compulsory module is actually in the four series of 16 elective module choice of six modules are determined.The second,The elasticity of the students' course selection.Students can according to their interests/Need to choose and ambitions,A compulsory course for the elective module,Only stipulate basic credit requirements,But to"Spare capacity to learn"and"Interest ambition"Students advocates the more the better.In some subjects,Students can choose not to choose,Can choose more also can be chosen less,"Not the downside,Not capped".thirdly,Elective course and the proportion of compulsory course also to have certain elasticity.Despite the high school students to plan to set three years,The provisions of the state elective module to 22 credits,In the school the independent set elective courses to six modules(Elective module credits a total of 19% of the total credits),But this is only a minimum requirement,For on-line don't do provision,this,Students practical elective module may be more than 28 credits,Embodies the elective courses and a required course proportion of elastic.

学分制 Credit system

　　为了保证选修课的实施，本次高中选修课（包括必修课）采取学分制的做法，即学生必须在选修系列I（即科目选修）中达到22个学分，选修系列11（学校自主设置选修）中至少获得6个学分，加上必修课116个学分，总学分达到144方可毕业；否则，不能毕业。这样的规定表面上看有一定的强制性，但它为选修课的实施提供了切实的制度保证，避免选修课流于形式，实施乏力的问题。

In order to ensure the implementation of the elective course,The high school elective course(Including compulsory course)Take the practice of credit system,That students must in elective series I(Elective subjects is)To 22 credits,Elective series and(School independent set elective)For at least six credits,Add a required course 116 credits,Total credit may reach 144 graduation;otherwise,Do not graduate.Such regulation on the surface have certain mandatory,But it is the implementation of the elective course provides a practical system guarantee,Avoid elective course become a mere formality,The problem of weak implementation.