有意思的是，得奖后的约翰·戈登在接受采访中回忆称，他求学时科学成绩曾为全班最后一名，并因此被同学讥讽是蠢蛋，还被老师写报告称不可能成为科学家。而当年老师否定他的报告，至今还放在戈登的办公桌上。

Interesting is,After the John Gordon memories in in an interview said,He when studying scientific achievement for the class had the last name,And so was the students taunt is a fool,Was the teacher write report may not be a scientist.When the teacher deny his report,Still in the Gordon desk.

　　约翰·戈登15岁在知名贵族学校伊顿公学求学时，在250名学生中，其生物科学业表现为最后一名，其他科学相关科目也都比较靠后，他的生物老师当年也不看好戈登，并在一份报告中写道“我相信格登想成为科学家，但以他目前的学业表现，这个想法很荒谬，他连简单的生物知识都学不会，根本不可能成为专家，对于他个人及想教导他的人，这根本是浪费时间”。

John Gordon 15 years old in famous exclusive school eton at school,In 250 students,Its dynamics academic performance for the last name,Other science related subjects are back,His living creature teacher that is not valued Gordon,And in a report said"I believe that he wants to be a scientist,But with his present academic performance,This idea is very ridiculous,He even simple biological knowledge learn can't,Don't may become experts,For his personal and want to teach him,That's simply a waste of time".

　　实际上，诺奖得主小时候学习不好的现象很多，2010年诺奖物理学奖得主之一的诺沃肖洛夫也曾被报道读书时成绩平平，爱因斯坦数次被退学的故事也被广为传颂。甚至，还有一家科研机构专门统计了近年来几十名诺奖得主上学期间的考试成绩，发现很少有考前几名的，不少人甚至在中小学期间成绩一般。许多诺奖得主上学时平庸，这也因此被称为“诺奖现象”。

In fact,Laureates when I was a child learning a lot of bad phenomena,2010 the Nobel physics prize winner of one of NuoWo XiaoLuoFu has also been reported reading scores go,Einstein several expelled from school story has also been widely resound.even,And a special statistical research institutions in recent years dozens of laureates during the school exam results,There is little found before a few name,Many people even in middle and primary school grade point average period.Many laureates school mediocrity,This therefore are also called"Nobel phenomenon".

　　诺贝尔奖是否真的钟情差生呢？还是那些学生时代表现不佳的学生，把更多精力放在了培养个人兴趣和创造力上？诺奖和教育之间又是否有某种负相关的联系？

The Nobel Prize is not really love? The difference to live?Or the student poor performance of students,Put more of a focus on the personal interest and cultivate creativity?The Nobel and between education and whether there is a negative correlation contact?

　　对此，著名教育学者熊丙奇说：“一个人在学校中的学习对未来的发展有一定的关系，但并不是必然有关系，实际上，一个人能够获得诺贝尔奖，更多的是依靠他的基本能力，比如想象力、创造力等。”

this,Famous education scholars XiongBingJi said:"A man of learning in school for future development has a certain relationship,But not inevitably has the relations,In fact,A person can obtain the Nobel Prize,More depend on his basic ability,Such as imagination/Creativity, etc."

　　熊丙奇教育学者，21世纪教育研究院副院长，中国高校校报协会副会长，著有《体制迷墙》、《天下无墙》、《教育熊视》、《青春档案》等。

XiongBingJi education scholars,The 21st century education institute vice President,China's college newspapers vice chairman of the association,Have the[System wonderwall]/[Nothing wall]/[Education bear apparent]/[Youth files], etc.

诺奖和谁有关 The Nobel and who relevant

　　北京晨报：把获得诺奖和其学生时代表现不佳联系起来，在您看来有没有道理？

The Beijing morning post:To obtain the Nobel and its student linked to poor performance,In your opinion have reason?

　　熊丙奇：学生时代的学习过程，对于一个人未来确实有一定的影响，但这种影响并不是必然的。能够使一个人获得诺贝尔奖的原因，往往是他的基本能力，想象力、创造力，这才是最重要的。学习成绩其实并不能说明多少问题，因为学校教育并非天才教育，是任何人都可以胜任的，一个学生在学习上投入了较多的精力，那样他的成绩自然就会好，但是如果这个学生在想象力、创造性方面并不突出，那么他未来成为大师的可能性就显然比较小，想获得某个领域杰出的成就就相对更难。如果相反，一个学生想象力、创造力非常强，但是他在学习上投入的精力很少，那他在学校里的表现就可能比较差。所以，并不是说诺奖钟情差生，也不是说差生更容易做出杰出成绩，真正相关的是一个人的想象力和创造力。

XiongBingJi:A student's learning process,For one's future does have certain effect,But this kind of influence is not inevitable.Can make a person won a Nobel Prize reason,Often is his basic ability,imagination/creativity,This is the most important.Study result actually does not explain how many problems,Because the school education is not genius education,Is anyone can competent,A student in learning into the more energy,So his grades will naturally good,But if the student in the imagination/Creativity is not prominent,Then he became the possibility of future master is obviously smaller,Want to get a certain area of outstanding achievement is relatively more difficult.If instead,A student of imagination/Creativity very strong,But he in study into energy seldom,He in school performance may be more bad.so,Is not to say that the Nobel loving the difference to live,Also is not to say that the difference to live more easily has made an outstanding achievement,Real related is a person's imagination and creativity.

　　北京晨报：有评论认为中国之所以总是难以获得诺奖，和我们的教育有关，对此您怎么看？

The Beijing morning post:Critics think China is always difficult to obtain the Nobel,And our education about,How do you see this?

　　熊丙奇：想象力和创造力每个人天生就有，教育则培养它成长、壮大，但是我们单一的学习评价体系，却使得想象力和创造力日渐萎缩，可以说，我们的教育是在扼杀这些东西，那些关于课本知识之外的想象，学校课程之外的活动，是不被允许的，这才是问题所在。

XiongBingJi:Imagination and creativity each people are born with naturally,Education is training its growth/expand,But we single learning evaluation system,But makes the imagination and creativity is shrinking,Can say,Our education is in the stifle these things,About the textbook knowledge beyond imagination,Outside the school curriculum activities,Is not allowed,That's the problem.

　　作为世界最顶尖的奖项，诺奖不仅仅影响着各个专业的领域，同时也影响着社会的方方面面。那么，怎样的社会、文化以及教育等，才能培养出来大师，才能获得诺奖？每到一年一度的诺奖颁奖期间，这些问题便会成为人们热议的焦点。近年来，也有许多人对诺奖提出疑问：诺奖真的能代表一切吗？我们是否对诺奖过于执著了？

As the world's top awards,The Nobel not only influence the various professional fields,At the same time also affects every aspect of the society.so,What kind of social/Culture and education, etc,To cultivate out master,To obtain the Nobel?Every arrive the annual Nobel award period,These problems will become the focus of people hot debate.In recent years,There are also many people question the Nobel:The Nobel can really everything?Are we to the Nobel too persistent?

　　对于以上质疑，著名教育学者熊丙奇说：“理性看待诺奖，这没有问题，诺奖不代表一切，获得一次诺奖，也并不能说明这个人所在的社会环境、教育环境、学术研究环境就是好的。然而，理性看待并非是否定诺奖。没有诺奖，就在一定程度上说明我们的人才培养和学术研究方面还存在有待提高和改进的地方。”

For the above question,Famous education scholars XiongBingJi said:"A rational view the Nobel,This is no problem,The Nobel isn't everything,Get a Nobel,Does not mean that the person's social environment/Education environment/Academic research environment is good.however,A rational view is not deny the Nobel.No Nobel,In a certain extent about our talent training and academic research, there are needs to be enhanced and improved place."

和诺奖的正相关 And the Nobel positive correlation

　　北京晨报：一直有不少人反思我们为什么不得诺奖，您觉得和什么有关？

The Beijing morning post:Have many people we reflect on why not the Nobel,You feel and what about?

　　熊丙奇：首先，和教育有关，教育特别是基础教育培养的应该是一个人的基本能力，想象力、创造力、学习能力、思维能力、观察能力、沟通能力等，这些都是能够直接影响人一生的能力，我们的教育中全都没有。我们的教育只是一种知识教育，但知识教育对一个人的影响力早有定论，许多年前就有研究结果，它在一个人未来人生中作用仅占2%。这种单一的教育模式和评价体系，扼杀了学生的个性，想象力，创造性，制造的是千篇一律的考试机器，而那些没有达到分数要求的学生，显然就成了差生，但实际上他们差还是不差，并不只有这一个标准。

XiongBingJi:First of all,And education about,Education especially the foundation education training should be a person's basic ability,imagination/creativity/Ability to learn/Thinking ability/Observation ability/Communication skills, etc,These are all can directly influence the ability of a person's life,Our education in all no.Our education is a kind of knowledge education,But knowledge education of a person's influence the early,Many years ago there is the results of the study,It in one's future life role in only 2%.This single education pattern and evaluation system,Kill the students' individual character,imagination,creative,Manufacturing is waking test machine,And those who do not reach scores required for students,Apparently became poor,But in fact they sent or is not bad,Not only this one standard.

　　北京晨报：诺奖是奖励专业领域中做出杰出贡献的，影响一个人的应该不仅仅是教育吧？

The Beijing morning post:The Nobel award is in the field of professional has made an outstanding contribution,Influence a person should not only is education it?

　　熊丙奇：当然，它还和学术环境乃至社会环境有关。学术环境影响着其中的从业者的思想、行为。我们的学术环境，是一个高度行政化的环境，有整套行政体系、行政指标在控制和规范学术研究，研究者们陷于课题、经费之中，很少有独立的思考，学者都在为社交忙碌，因为社交可以为他们带来课题和经费。同样，社会环境是否鼓励创新、鼓励独立思考也影响着学术研究的创新，我们的社会，看起来整天在喊创新，但实际上很多方面是在扼杀创新、禁锢思想，生活在这样的环境中，人们的思维逐渐僵化，还怎么谈学术创新呢？

XiongBingJi:Of course,It also and academic environment and the social environment.Academic environment affects the practitioners in thoughts/behavior.Our academic environment,Is a highly the administrative environment,Have a complete set of administrative system/Administrative index in the control and regulate academic research,The researchers in subject/Funds of,There are few independent thinking,Scholars in for social busy,Because social can provide subject and funds.The same,Whether social environment to encourage innovation/Encourage independent thinking may also influence the innovation of academic research,Our society,Look out all day in the innovation,But the fact is that many ways is in the stifle innovation/Stifle thought,Live in such environment,People's thinking gradually rigidity,Also how to talk about academic innovation?

没获诺奖说明啥 Haven't won the Nobel explain what

　　北京晨报：近年来，也有不少关于诺奖的反思，认为诺奖不代表一切，对此您怎么看？

The Beijing morning post:In recent years,There are many reflection about the Nobel,Think the Nobel isn't everything,How do you see this?

　　熊丙奇：这种思考是有道理的，但也不能过分。诺奖不能说明所有问题，但是没有诺奖，就一定说明我们有问题。

XiongBingJi:This kind of thinking is reasonable,But not too much.The Nobel does not suggest that all problems,But there is no Nobel,It must be that we have a problem.

　　北京晨报：如何理解呢？

The Beijing morning post:How to understand??

　　熊丙奇：正确看待诺奖，理性看待诺奖，其实就是要从中反思我们的人才培养、学术研究中的问题，在这些方面，我们和发达国家还差得很远。只有反思了这些问题，才能使我们正视自己的问题，去改变它，培养和建立更好的教育和学术环境。所以，理性看待诺奖，并不是否定诺奖的意义。如果只是一味地追捧诺奖，认为得了诺奖，一切就都是好的，这当然不对，事实上，在我们目前的科研制度与科研环境中，如果某个国内学者，获得了诺贝尔奖，那绝对是“撞大运”的偶然事件，而非人才辈出的必然结果。因为诺奖奖励的是个人，完全有可能有这样的偶然。但是，这偶然的结果，则有可能“一俊遮百丑”，成为进一步牢固当前科研制度的理由，掩盖科研管理、评价中存在的诸多问题。即使有这样的获奖，对中国学术界来说，或不是什么好消息。所以说，诺奖不能说明一切，只有一个好的学术环境，才能使得人才辈出。

XiongBingJi:A correct view on the Nobel,A rational view the Nobel,In fact it is to reflect on our talent cultivation/The problems of academic research,In these respects,We and the developed countries are far.Only reflect on these problems,To make we face their own problems,To change it,Cultivate and establish a better education and academic environment.so,A rational view the Nobel,Is not to deny the significance of the Nobel.If just blindly Nobel chase after hold in both hands,Think that got the Nobel,All are good,This of course not,In fact,In our current scientific research institution and scientific research environment,If a domestic scholars,Won the Nobel Prize,That is absolutely"Blind luck"accidental,Rather than the inevitable result of talent coming forth in large Numbers.Because the Nobel Prize is a person,Could have such a chance.but,The result of the accident,Are likely"A pretty cover ugly",Be strong in the current scientific research system further reason,Cover up scientific research management/There are many problems in the assessment.Even with this award,To China for academic circles,Or is not what's the good news.so,The Nobel do not tell the whole story,Only a good academic environment,To make the talents come forth in large Numbers.

我们和诺奖还差多远 We and the Nobel still far away

　　北京晨报：您说我们和发达国家差得很远，那我们的差距究竟在哪里呢？

The Beijing morning post:You said we and the developed countries far,That our gap where the dickens is that?

　　熊丙奇：首先是教育，培养一流人才，都是从基本的教育开始，比如我国大学中能跻身国际优秀大学行列的还是很少，而世界上一流的大学都是独立办学、教授治校的，我们则不然，教育资源掌握在行政体系之下，大学的去行政化谈了很多年，但目前仍未实现。正因为我们优秀大学的数量很少，自然培养出来的优秀大学生和优秀人才也不可能很多。这样的教育教学环境，几乎在一夜之间，就可摧毁学生们对大学的美好期望。很多高中毕业生，怀着美丽的大学梦进入校园，上完第一节课之后，就从梦想回到“现实”，原来梦想中的大学竟是这个样子。有一位在国内上到大二转去美国留学的学生跟我说，他曾经对大学十分失望，而到了美国留学以后才发现，自己以前上的国内大学在某些方面落后世界一流大学。近年来出现中国留学生捐巨资给自己的美国母校却不捐给中国母校的现象，我想这不得不引起我们的反思。

XiongBingJi:The first is education,Cultivate first-class talents,From the basic education began,Such as our country university university can be one of the world's best ranks or rarely,And the world first-class university is an independent school/Professor managing of,We will not,Education resources master in the administrative system under,University to the administrative talked about for many years,But has yet to achieve.It is because we are excellent university few in number,Natural culture out of excellent college students and outstanding talents also could not many.Such education teaching environment,Almost overnight,Can destroy the students to the expectation of the university.A lot of high school graduates,With beautiful university dream into the campus,After the first quarter after class,From dream back to"reality",The original dream university is like this.There is a big in the domestic top to turn to study in the United States students say with me,He was very disappointed to university,And to study in the United States later found,In his former domestic university in some ways behind the world first-class university.Recent Chinese students to donate a huge sum of money to his Alma mater is not the United States to China's Alma mater phenomenon,I think it had to cause our reflection.

　　北京晨报：那么，我们在学术研究方面的差距如何？

The Beijing morning post:so,We in the academic research gap?

　　熊丙奇：我们的学术研究，不是鼓励学者按照自己的兴趣爱好去研究，而是通过行政计划安排学者的研究，学术评价体系也同样有问题，不是按照学术成就来评价，而是按照论文多少、是否获得课题、经费来评价，许多本来是给学者提供研究经费的支持，变成了学者的荣誉，晋升职称的前提，因果倒置。许多学者忙于跑课题、跑计划，对做研究却并不热衷。最终，学术共同体无法形成，利益共同体反倒越来越牢固。这样的环境中，学者不但做不了好的学术研究，反而是学术腐败越演越烈，学者们在论文、经费的压力之下，抄袭、造假现象层出不穷。

XiongBingJi:Our academic research,Not encourage scholars according to their own interests to study,But through the administrative plan scholars' research,The academic evaluation system also has a problem,Not according to academic achievement to evaluation,But according to how many papers/Whether get subject/Funds to evaluate,Many scholars have is to provide research funding support,Into a scholar's honor,The premise of the title promotion,Causal inversion.Many scholars are busy running subject/Run plan,To do research is not keen.finally,The academic community can't form,Community of interests but more and more strong.Such an environment,Scholars not only can't do good academic research,Instead of academic corruption is getting worse,Scholars in the paper/Under the pressure of funds,copy/False phenomenon emerge in endlessly.

培育有希望的土壤更重要 Cultivate promising soil is more important

　　北京晨报：有不少学者曾表示，我们离诺贝尔正越来越近，甚至只有一步之遥，您怎么看？

The Beijing morning post:Many scholars have said,We are becoming more and more close from the Nobel Prize,Even only one step away,How do you see?

　　熊丙奇：相对于10年前，这些年我们在人才培养和学术研究中的投入确实增加了很多，但是那种禁锢创造力，想象力的培养和研究机制不进行改革的话，行政投入越多，行政化就会越严重，问题也就可能越深。虽然每年诺奖都有人预测我们的哪位科学家、学者可能会获奖，可依照我国学术研究的现状，目前还不具备问鼎诺奖的原创性科研成果，也就是说，获得诺奖的希望极其渺茫。

XiongBingJi:Relative to 10 years ago,,These years we in personnel training and academic research of input does increase a lot,But that imprison creativity,Imagination training and research mechanism reform words,Administrative into more,The administrative will be the more serious,Problems will probably more deep.Although every year the Nobel were forecast our which scientists/Scholars may award,In accordance with the present situation of the academic research in China,It is not have won the Nobel's original achievements in scientific research,That is,Get the Nobel hope very slim.

　　北京晨报：我们怎样做才能离诺奖更近呢？

The Beijing morning post:How can we do to from the Nobel closer?

　　熊丙奇：让教育和学术研究回归本位，我觉得这是当前最迫切的事情。在教育中，特别是应该先从基本的教育体系开始，厘清学校和行政部门的关系，使得教育真正有尊严，然后才能真正有精力培养合格的人才。在学术研究中，我们应该正视现状，反思问题，努力建立鼓励创新的研究体系。只有培育有希望的土壤，才能生长出希望来，只有好的环境，才能有利于创新人才的成长以及有价值的学术研究问世。否则，希望越大，失望越大，投入越多，离诺奖也就越远。记者 周怀宗

XiongBingJi:Let education and academic research regression standard,I think this is the most urgent things.In the education of,Especially should start from the basic education system began,To clarify the relationship between the school and administrative departments,Make education truly have a dignity,And then you will really have energy to cultivate qualified talents.In the academic study,We should face up to present situation,Reflection problem,Efforts to build a encourage innovation research system.Only cultivate promising soil,To grow a wish to,Only good environment,Can be helpful for the growth of creative talents and value of the advent of academic research.otherwise,That is,The greater the disappointment,Into more,From the Nobel is more far.Reporter ZhouHuaiZong