一种机制是保证 A mechanism is the guarantee

　　改革开放以来，这是我国第4次修订本科专业目录，最近一次是1998年颁布的。10多年来，经济社会的快速发展和科学技术的突飞猛进，使原目录出现多种不适应，从表面上看，是专业不适应社会需求，或是社会急需的人才没有对应专业培养，还有本科与研究生在专业上不衔接，但本质上还是一直没有建立起一个有效机制，使高校办学与社会需求有效衔接。林蕙青说：“主要是两个不到位：一是高校设置专业的自主权不到位，二是政府宏观监管不到位。”

Since the reform and opening up,This is the fourth revision undergraduate professional directory,A recent is introduced in 1998.More than 10 years,The rapid development of economy and society and science and technology advance by leaps and bounds,Make the original directory appear a variety of does not adapt,On the face of it,Is a professional do not adapt to the social needs,Or society needs talents no corresponding professional training,And undergraduate and graduate student in professional not cohesion,But in essence or has not set up an effective mechanism,In running a school and social needs effective cohesion.LinHuiQing said:"Mainly is two does not reach the designated position:A university is set professional autonomy does not reach the designated position,The second is government macroscopic regulation is not in place."

　　这两个不到位产生的一些现象：明明知道某个专业与研究生教育不对应，高校却无权改变;校长看到当地社会对某专业人才的需求，但审批不下来就开办不了;再就是一阵子大家都去追所谓热门专业，无序的结果导致某些专业泛滥，部分高校还存在“重申报，轻建设”现象，导致办学质量不高。

The two does not reach the designated position has some phenomenon:Clearly know a professional and graduate education not corresponding,University but not changed;The headmaster saw the local society to a professional talented person's demand,But the examination and approval to do not come down is not open;And while everyone go after the so-called popular major,Disordered results in some professional flood,There are still some universities"Reiterated to,Light construction"phenomenon,Lead to the educational quality is not high.

　　“所以我们这次强调放权给高校，让他们能按规定自主设置和调整专业，主动去适应经济社会发展需要，也可以静心办学。同时，我们也强调宏观调控，建立了动态调整机制，对于新设专业，进行年度检查、发布年度质量报告，对办学质量低下的专业实行限期整改、暂停招生等退出机制，我们还建立专业设置预警机制，对于过度设置和涉及国家安全等特殊需要的专业实施国家调控。另外，我们还确立《专业目录》每10年修订一次，目录中的基本专业每5年调整一次，特设专业每年向社会公布，这也是为了有利于动态调整，增强主动适应性。”林蕙青说。

"So we this emphasis on decentralization to colleges and universities,Let them can independently in accordance with the provisions set up and adjust professional,The initiative to adapt to economic and social development needs,Can also meditation school.At the same time,We also emphasize the macroeconomic regulation and control,To establish the dynamic adjustment mechanism,For newly established professional,Annual inspection/Publish annual quality report,For the low quality of professional implement rectification within a prescribed time limit/Stop recruit students and exit mechanism,We also set up professional setting warning mechanism,For excessive Settings and involving national security and other special need professional implement national adjustment and control.In addition,We also established[Professional directory]Every 10 years revised a,Catalogue of basic professional every five years a adjustment,AD hoc each year to professional publish to the society,This is also in order to to dynamic adjustment,Strengthen active adaptability."LinHuiQing said.

　　可以说，建立起政府宏观调控、高校自主自律、社会进行监督的本科专业设置管理机制，是本次目录修订的核心所在，其目标是为了促进高校优化学科专业结构，提高人才培养质量，更好地满足经济社会发展对多样化人才的需求。而只有这样一个机制有效运转起来，才能最终保证把办学自主权用好。(本报记者 王庆环)

Can say,Establish the government macroeconomic regulation and control/The independent discipline/Social supervision of undergraduate professional installation management mechanism,This directory is the key of the revision,Its aim is to promote the optimization of structure of academic disciplines,Improve the quality of talent training,To better meet the social and economic development of diversified talented person's demand.And only such a mechanism effective running,Ultimately you can ensure that the school-running autonomy with good.(Our reporter WangQingHuan)