中国作协副主席何建明：中国强大，世界影响力提升 China's vice chairman of attracting HeJianMing:China's strong,The world increasing influence

　　何建明表示，这是莫言的喜事，也是所有中国当代作家的喜事。这是几代中国作家的梦想！诺贝尔文学奖评奖委员会将这一奖项授予莫言，不只是对莫言文学创作成就的肯定，也是对一百多年来一代代中国作家的肯定，对中国当代文学界的肯定，从一个侧面反映了中国的强大以及世界影响力的提升。

HeJianMing said,This is happy mo yan,Is all Chinese contemporary writer's wedding.This is the dream of generations of Chinese writers!The Nobel Prize for literature awards committee will this awards mo yan,Not just to mo yan literary creation achievement affirmation,For more than one hundred years is the affirmation of the generation of Chinese writers,For Chinese contemporary literary affirmation,From a side, reflects the strength of the country and the world influential ascension.

［关于诺奖的两大疑问］ [about the Nobel two big question]

　　诺贝尔文学奖是如何评选出来的 The Nobel Prize in literature is how to list

　　从200位被提名作家中选出5位决选名额，18位院士花三个月读完所有作品

From 200 was nominated the writer choose five places runoff,18 academicians takes three months after reading all works

　　首先，并非任何人都有资格作为诺贝尔奖提名人，团体提名和自我申请不被接受。文学奖的提名人资格是：①瑞典文学院院士和各国相当于文学院士资格的人士；②高等院校文学教授和语言学教授；③诺贝尔文学奖得主；④各国作家协会主席。

First of all,Not anyone qualify as Nobel award nominee,Group the nomination and self application shall not be accepted.The prize nominees qualification is:(1) the Swedish college of liberal arts academician and is equivalent to the qualification of the member countries literary people;(2) the higher colleges and universities literature professor and professor of linguistics;(3) the Nobel Prize winner;(4) countries writers association President.

　　每年9月，征求提名次年诺贝尔奖候选人的邀请发往世界各地，近年来仅文学奖评委会每年就发出600多份邀请，寄给各国相关团体和被认为有资格提名的个人。而这次提名莫言的是1994年诺贝尔文学奖得主大江健三郎，很有分量。

Each year on September,Ask for the nomination of next year the Nobel Prize candidate invitation sent to all over the world,In recent years the only prize each year more than 600 issued a invitation,Send countries related organizations and be think are eligible to nominate individuals.And this nomination mo yan is the winner of the 1994 Nobel Prize kenzaburo oe,Is a component.

　　评奖机构瑞典文学院由18名终身任职的院士组成，他们精通英、法、德多门语言，都是著名作家和学者，其中包括历史学家及专业语言学家。曾任诺贝尔文学奖评委会主席长达17年的谢尔·埃斯普马克戏称，“我们这个俱乐部，18个人都是学养深厚、才智卓绝的大家，但也都是极其固执的老家伙，你以为其中一两位可以主导整个局面？不，他们绝对做不到！ ”

Awards mechanism of Sweden by 18 lifelong employment of the academician composition,They speak English/method/DE several languages,All is a famous writer and scholar,Including historians and professional linguists.Once was appointed chairman of the Nobel literature prize for 17 years cher · ace general mark calls,"We this club,18 people are quite profound/Intelligence and tribulations of everyone,But also is extremely stubborn old man,Do you think that in them one can dominate the whole situation?Don't,They absolutely can't do! "

　　据谢尔介绍：“每年诺贝尔文学奖初评委员会由院士中的5位组成，他们工作量巨大，要看很多作家的书，眼睛都快读伤了。自2月至5月，先从全球200位被提名作家中选出二十来人，5月底再筛选出5个决选名额，通常这5名作家来自不同国家，甚至不同大洲。 ”

Cher is introduced according to:"Every year the Nobel Prize for literature registration committee member by the five composition,Their huge workload,To see a lot of writer's books,Eyes are going to read hurt.Since February to may.,The first global 200 was nominated the writer choose two months,At the end of may to screen out five places runoff,Usually this 5 writer from different countries,Even different continents. "

　　6月起，院士们开始放假，“看这5名作家的全部作品，成了18位院士整个夏天的‘暑假作业’，这5个名字，只有这18位读者知道，我们必须小心地守住秘密。当9月开会再聚时，所有院士都已看过作品了，经过3周激烈讨论，最后由全体院士投票决定今年的获奖者。 ”谢尔说。 （据南方人物周刊）

June,The academician start off,"Look at the five writer of all works,Become 18 academicians of the summer‘Summer homework’,The five name,The only 18 reader know,We must be careful to keep secret.When September when the meeting again,All academicians have seen works,After three weeks of intense discussion,Finally by all the academician voted to this year's winners. "Cher says. (According to the south people weekly)

什么样的“喜好”左右着诺奖评委 What kind of"Be fond of"About the Nobel judges

　　近十年里描写二战或是种族主义的作品占了一半，关注理想主义倾向

Nearly 10 years described in the second world war or racism work half,Focus on idealism tendency

　　让我们回顾一下近两年的诺贝尔文学奖得奖作品，找一找诺奖的获奖规律。

Let's review of the last two years the Nobel Prize in literature works,Find a find the Nobel award rules.

语言是首要因素 Language is the primary factor

　　诺贝尔文学奖有一个怪现象让读者很难忽略，自1895年诺贝尔文学奖开设以来，获奖作家多来自欧洲和北美，亚洲仅有印度的泰戈尔，日本的川端康成、大江健三郎和以色列的阿格农获奖。难道是亚洲作品真的在艺术价值上低于欧美作品？答案是否定的，回顾这100多年来的亚洲文学，好作品数不胜数。那么，到底是什么让亚洲作品难以在诺奖中站稳脚跟？语言，就成为了首要因素。

The Nobel Prize for literature has a strange phenomenon let the reader is hard to ignore,Since 1895 the Nobel Prize for literature since its inception,The writer from Europe and North America,Asia only India's tagore,Japan's kawabata/Kenzaburo oe and Israeli agger farmers prize.Don't is Asia works really in art value lower than Europe and the United States works?The answer is no,Review the 100 years of Asian literature,Endless good work.so,What is it about Asia works hard to gain a firm foothold in the Nobel in?language,Become the primary factor.

　　亚洲作品很少以全英文书写，评审学识再丰富也不可能了解世界各地的特有文化。于是，翻译就成为了其中很重要的一点。翻译者对于作品的理解越深刻，作品自然翻译得越好，反之，必然会降低原有作品的艺术价值。

Asia works rarely in the English writing,Review the knowledge to enrich can't understand the unique culture all over the world.so,Translation become the among them very important one point.Translator in the comprehension of the pieces more profound,Natural translation work the better,and,Will reduce the original works of art value.

群体记忆的描写 Group memory description

　　从近十年来的诺贝尔文学奖获奖作品中，我们不难发现，描写二战或是种族主义的作品就占了一半。 2007年的获奖作品《呼吸秋千》与2009年的《金色笔记》就是典型。 《呼吸秋千》讲述了“二战”结束时与纳粹政权合作过的德国人受到的非人待遇；而《金色笔记》，其中的一部分则描写主人公作为作家在非洲的经历，涉及殖民主义和种族主义问题。

From the last ten years the Nobel Prize for literature in the work,It is found that,World war ii description or racism work accounted for about half. 2007 years of winning entries[Breathing swing]And 2009 years[Golden notes]Is typical. [Breathing swing]Tells the story of"World war ii"With the end of the Nazi regime cooperated by German's treatment;and[Golden notes],Part of it is described as a writer hero experience in Africa,Involving colonialism and racism problem.

　　群体记忆是一个群体对自己特定文化经历的记忆。有人认为，这是赤裸裸的对亚洲文学的不公。其实，这样判断有失偏颇，就像抗日战争对中国民众造成的影响一样，对于欧美来说，二战、种族主义都是他们社会和个人生命中不可分割的一部分。描写以群体记忆事件的作品，自然就更容易唤起读者的共鸣，也获得了诺奖的青睐。

Group memory is a group for their specific cultural experience memory.Some people think that,It is a naked for Asian literature injustice.In fact,Such biased judgment,Like the Anti-Japanese War on the Chinese people as well as the impact of,For Europe and the United States for,World war ii/Racism is their social and personal life shall be an integral part of.Description to group memory event works,Nature is more easy to arouse readers' resonance,Also won the Nobel's favour.

　理想主义的亮色 Idealistic bright color

　　诺贝尔的最后遗嘱中，提到诺贝尔文学奖对于“理想倾向”的重视。

The Nobel Prize in the last testament,To mention the Nobel Prize for literature"Ideal tendency"attention.

　　我们如何去理解 “理想主义倾向”？陕西青年学者陈仓认为，“就作品本身来说，诺贝尔文学奖的指向是作品的‘理想倾向’，很在意是否关注人类精神困境，作品的社会影响力。 ”要么是作品中主人公对真、善、美有强烈的追求，要么，是作家在作品中要肯定、倡导一种符合人性发展、人道主义的生存方式。 （据三秦都市报）

How do we to understand "Idealism tendency"?Shaanxi young scholars think that old,"It works itself,The Nobel Prize in literature is the point of the work‘Ideal tendency’,Very much care about concern for human spirit dilemma,Work the social influence. "Or is the heroine works to true/good/The pursuit of beauty has a strong,or,Is a writer should be sure in his works/Advocate a accord with human development/Humanitarian way of living. (According to shall metropolis daily)