中小学生不识星 Primary and middle school students fail to star

　　“你们认识北斗七星吗？”记者在宏庙小学门外随机询问几名五年级学生。“听说过，但不知道哪几颗是。”孩子们一脸茫然，一名小学生甚至反问：“学校又不考，认它干嘛？”

"You know the great dipper?"Reporter in the macro temple elementary school door random ask several year 5 students."Heard of,But don't know which is a few star."The children a face of vacant,A pupil even ask:"The school and does not take an examination,Acknowledge it why?"

　　随后，记者又来到13中分校、161中学和159中学，随机询问约50名学生，同样，没几个人认识北斗七星，不仅如此，听说过今年最重要的天文事件之一“金星凌日”的学生还不足一成。

then,The reporter also came to 13 branch/161 middle school and high school 159,Random ask about 50 students,The same,Few people know dipper,Not only that,Heard of this year is the most important one of the astronomical events"Venus"Students also less than ten percent.

　　记者在采访中了解到，本市中小学课本都涉及一些天文常识，比如小学的科学课中涉及天文、气象等内容，一般渗透在五六年级的课程中。除少数天文爱好者外，多数学生对天文常识并不感兴趣，不仅不认识形似斗勺的北斗七星，就连文学作品中耳熟能详的牛郎星和织女星也不认识。

Reporter in the interview to understand,The city primary and secondary school textbooks involves some astronomical knowledge,Such as elementary school science class in astronomy/Weather, etc,General penetration in five or six years of the course grade.In addition to a few astronomical fans outside,The majority of students to astronomical common sense is not interested in,Not only do not know like bucket spoon of the big dipper,Even in the literary works of familiar Altair and vega also don't know.

　　在家长看来，孩子不识星主要是因为学校缺乏相关的教育。女儿读初二的承女士告诉记者：“上小学时，我女儿对日食、月食还挺感兴趣，但现在学校里没有专门天文课，也没有天文老师，孩子逐渐也就失去了兴趣。”

In parents' it seems,Does the child star mainly because of lack of correlation school education.Daughter read there bearing lady told reporters:"In elementary school,My daughter to eclipse of the sun/Eclipse of the moon is quite interested,But now there is no specific school astronomical class,Also does not have the astronomical teacher,The children gradually will lose interest."

　　儿子就读于13中分校的赵先生说：“孩子现在学习忙，每天放学挺晚，主科都学不完，更别提不考试的天文课了。”

Son attended in 13 of Mr. Zhao said:"Children learn now busy,A night school every day,Major subject can't learn finish,Not to mention the exam astronomical lesson."

　　据了解，本市中小学天文课的普及程度不高。目前虽然全市有超过100所学校建有天文台、天象馆，但即使这些学校，能真正开展天文教育及实践观测活动的也不足一成。

It is understood,This city middle and primary school astronomical class popularity is not high.At present although the city has more than 100 schools built observatory/Signs of library,But even if these schools,Can really carry out astronomical education and practical observation activities are less than ten percent.

城市污染难观星 The pollution of the city difficult to watch

　　“现在晚上，城里哪能看到星星？连星星都看不到，又怎么能让孩子对天文产生兴趣？”市民赵先生直言不讳。

"Now in the evening,The city which can see the stars?Even the stars all could not see,How can you let the child to astronomical interest?"Citizens Mr. Zhao call a spade a spade.

　　的确如此，由于空气污染、城市光污染等原因，城市夜空总是雾蒙蒙的，能见度很低，很难看到星星。据介绍，观测星空对季节、月相、气象、海拔等条件都有一定要求。北京天文馆馆长朱进分析，导致目前城市夜空难观星的原因主要包括空气污浊，粉尘颗粒过高，导致雾霾；天气影响，阴云较多以及城市灯光反射等光污染。

indeed,Because of the air pollution/City light pollution and other reasons,City the night sky is always a misty,Visibility is very low,It is difficult to see a lot of stars.According to introducing,Observation star to season/Phases of the moon/meteorological/The condition such as altitude there are certain requirements.Beijing planetarium curator ZhuJin analysis,Leading to the present city night stargazing difficult reason mainly includes air dirty,Dust particles is too high,Lead to fog haze;weather,Dark clouds more and the city of light reflection light pollution, etc.

　　尽管如此，北京还是有一些地区可以“夜观星象”，朱进建议，选择在晴朗的天气里，到北京西部、北部、西北部的郊区去看星星，这些地方海拔较高，离市中心较远，灯光污染也不严重。

Even so,Beijing still have some areas can be"Night view astrology",ZhuJin Suggestions,Selection in sunny weather,To Beijing west/northern/Northwest suburbs to see the stars,These places higher elevation,Far away from downtown,Light pollution is not serious.

　　不少学校坦言，现在组织天文实践活动比较困难。一位科学老师说，秋季应该是观测星空的最佳季节，但观测时间只能在晚上，郊区夜间温度很低，学校和家长出于对学生身体状况以及活动安全的考虑，对组织野外观星活动，兴趣不大。

Many schools said,Now organization astronomical practice more difficult.A science teacher said,Autumn should be the best season observation sky,But observation time can only in the evening,Suburban night temperature is very low,The school and parents of students physical condition and activity safety,The organization field stargazing activities,Has little interest in.

学校缺乏天文师资 School teachers lack of astronomy

　　目前，本市中小学缺乏天文教育师资，科学课多半由物理或地理老师“带班”，天文知识教材，也多半是教师自编，水平参差不齐。

At present,This city elementary and middle schools lack of astronomical education teachers,Most of science class by physical or the geography teacher"shift",Astronomical knowledge teaching material,Also most is a teacher wrote,Different levels.

　　据介绍，目前国内开设天文专业的高校只有北京大学、北京师范大学、南京大学、中国科学技术大学等少数高校，每年招收的天文专业学生也不多，这些学生毕业后基本都进入天文科研单位，很少有人愿意到中小学教授天文课，这也直接导致中小学天文教育师资的缺乏。

According to introducing,At present domestic open astronomical professional college only Peking University/Beijing normal university/Nanjing university/University of science and technology of China and other ethnic university,Recruit every year astronomical professional students also not much,These students after graduation is basic into astronomical research unit,Few people are willing to middle and primary school professor astronomical class,It also led directly to the primary and middle school education teachers' lack of astronomy.

　　目前，本市已开始着手解决天文师资缺少的问题。今年9月，北京天文馆与市学生活动管理中心，开始对中小学科学教师进行集中培训。

At present,This city has begun to solve the problem of lack of astronomical teachers.September this year,Beijing planetarium and city student management center,Began to primary and secondary school science teacher centrally training.

　　上百名教师将分批分期培训天文学专业知识、天文观测、仪器操作等，以提高实践操作能力。本市希望通过此次培训，能提高学校天文教育的水平，推动天文知识在中小学的普及。实习生 彭赛男 本报记者 贾晓燕

Hundreds of teachers will batch installment training astronomy professional knowledge/Astronomical observation/Instrument operation, etc,In order to improve the practical ability.This city hope that through this training,To improve school astronomical education level,Promote astronomical knowledge in the popularity of primary and secondary schools.Interns peng "male our reporter JiaXiaoYan