“两免一补”让更多儿童回归课堂 "Two free for a"Let more children's return to the classroom

从“有学上”到“上好学” from"A study on"to"Learn on"

儿童受教育权得到充分保障 Children's education be fully guaranteed

　　百年大计，教育为本。

A project of vital and lasting importance,Education for this.

　　“保证人民享有接受教育的机会”“让所有孩子都能上得起学上好学”，这是党和国家的郑重承诺。

"Ensure that the people have the right to receive education opportunities""Let all the children will be able to afford the academic learning",This is the party and country's promise.

　　曾经，一双双渴望的眼睛，无奈止步课堂外，让人痛心；如今，一张张幸福的笑脸，快乐坐在教室，让人欣喜。

once,Pairs of longing eyes,But stop outside the classroom,harrowing;now,One of the happy smiling face,Happy sitting in a classroom,Make people happy.

　　十年间，中国教育已取得长足进步。

Ten years,China's education has achieved rapid progress.

再穷不能穷教育 Then poor can't poor education

　　2008年9月1日，全国城乡义务教育阶段1.6亿学生的学杂费全部免除，这意味着中国全面实行了免费义务教育。

On September 1, 2008,The national urban and rural compulsory education stage 160 million students from the tuition and fees of all,This means that China to be fully implemented free and compulsory education.

　　“免费”，让许多孩子，特别是贫困家庭儿童圆了上学梦。

"free",Let many children,Especially poor families children round the dream to go to school.

　　1986年，我国制定《义务教育法》，明确提出：国家实行九年制义务教育，国家对接受义务教育的学生免收学费。经过不懈努力，2000年，我国实现了“基本普及九年义务教育、基本扫除青壮年文盲”(以下简称“两基”)的目标。但是，受各种条件限制，当时在西部一些地区，义务教育的普及程度还比较低，实现“两基”的任务依然艰巨。

In 1986,,The establishment[Compulsory education],Clearly put forward:National nine-year compulsory education,Country to receive compulsory education students tuition.Through unremitting efforts,In 2000,,For our country to realize the"Nine-year compulsory education/Basically eliminating illiteracy"(Hereinafter referred to as"Two base")goal.but,Affected by various conditions,At that time some areas in the west,The popularization of compulsory education level is relatively low,realize"Two base"The task is still arduous.

　　越是艰难困苦，越不能退缩，在神州大地的蓝天下，中国教育迈着步伐毅然向前。2004年《国家西部地区“两基”攻坚计划(2004—2007年)》在西部打响。经过4年艰苦卓绝却卓有成效的努力，到2007年，如期完成西部“两基”攻坚，西部地区“两基”人口覆盖率达98%；各省份初中毛入学率超过规划提出的90%。西部“两基”工程的实施，充分保障了贫困地区孩子的受教育权利，加快推进了“两基”的全面实现。

More hardships,'t back down the,In the China the earth under the blue sky,China's education exceed pace resolutely forward.In 2004,[Countries in the western region of"Two base"Crucial plan(In 2004-2007)]In the west began.After four years of arduous but fruitful efforts,By 2007,Finish the west"Two base"crucial,Western region"Two base"Population coverage rate of 98%;Each province junior middle school, such as gross enrollment rate more than 90% of the proposed planning.western"Two base"Project implementation,Safeguarded the poor areas of children by education rights,Accelerate the"Two base"Comprehensive realization.

　　再穷不能穷教育，10年来，一项项举措，从农村到城市，从试点到推广，越来越多儿童的受教育权得到保障。

Then poor can't poor education,Ten years,One move,From the countryside to cities,From the pilot to promotion,More and more children's education to obtain the safeguard.

　　2006年，国家新修订的《义务教育法》，为在西部农村率先实施的农村义务教育经费保障机制改革提供了法律保障。这项政策惠及了5000多万名西部农村中小学学生，使近20万名因贫困辍学学生返回学校。

In 2006,,The new national revised[Compulsory education],For in the western rural areas take the lead in the implementation of the rural compulsory education funds safeguard mechanism reform provides legal protection.The policy benefit more than 5000 the western rural primary and middle school students,Nearly 200000 school students go back to school because of poverty.

　　蒋波出生于广西桂林市灌阳县的一个农民家庭，全家年收入不足2000元。2006年，受益于“两免一补”政策，在初中阶段减免了学杂费、书费，每学期还领取60元的补助，最后顺利圆了读书梦。

JiangBo was born in guangxi guilin irrigation Yang county of a peasant family,Family an income of less than $2000.In 2006,,Benefit from"Two free for a"policy,In the junior middle school stage breaks the tuition and fees/books,Each semester also get 60 yuan subsidies,Finally smooth round reading dream.

　　2007年春，“免杂费、免书本费、逐步补助寄宿生生活费”的惠民政策，推广到中东部地区40万所农村中小学的近1.5亿名学生，照亮了亿万家庭。

In the spring of 2007,"Free incidental expenses/From textbook/Gradually subsidies boarder living expenses"We policy of,Promotion to the Midwest of 400000 rural middle and primary school nearly 150 million students,Light up hundreds of millions of families.

　　据相关统计显示，中央、省级财政专项补助在农村义务教育经费中所占的比重已由2005年的21%提高到2007年上半年的近30%。学生及家庭的负担得以减轻，保证了农村义务教育的全面实施，农村娃欢欢喜喜进学堂的情景随处可见。

According to related statistics show,The central/The provincial public finance special subsidy in the rural compulsory education funds of the proportion of the already from 21% in 2005 to improve for the first half of 2007 to nearly 30%.Students and to reduce the burden of the family,Ensure the rural compulsory education of the overall implementation of the,Rural Eva into school with the scene can be seen everywhere.

　　2008年秋季学期起又一重大举措让人民感受到国家对儿童教育的重视，免除城市义务教育阶段学杂费在全国范围内全面实施，惠及面覆盖全国2.59万所城市中小学的2821万学生。这一年，中国教育完成了百年夙愿，全国实现了城乡义务教育免费，免费义务教育政策从根本上保障了儿童受教育权。

The 2008 fall semester up another major move to let people feel the country to the attention of the children education,Exempt from city compulsory education stage tuition and fees in the full implementation of the nationwide,Benefit surface covering the nation's 25900 cities of primary and secondary schools, 2821 students.This year,China's education completed the dream in one hundred,The urban and rural compulsory education to realize the free,Free compulsory education policy fundamentally guarantee the children's education.

城乡差距逐渐缩小 Urban and rural gap gradually narrowed

　　10年来，“有学上”的任务已基本完成，在新的起点，“上好学”是儿童教育面临的另一个问题。

Ten years,"A study on"Task has been completed,In the new starting point,"Learn on"Are children education faces another problem.

　　一直以来，很多地区教育质量一直受城乡之间、区域之间、校际之间资源配置的较大差距而影响。同一片蓝天下，让儿童平等接受教育，是广大人民群众的强烈呼声。

Has been,Many areas education quality has been affected by between urban and rural areas/Between regional/Intercollegiate resources allocation between the gap and influence.Under the same blue sky,Let children equal accept education,Is the people's strong voice.

　　在呼声中，又一惠民政策为保障儿童平等受教育权增添了一抹亮色。2006年针对农村地区尤其是边远山区教师素质不高、补充困难等问题，教育部等四部门启动了农村义务教育阶段学校教师特设岗位计划，公开招聘高校毕业生到县以下农村学校任教，引导高校毕业生从事农村义务教育工作。

In the call of,And we a policy to protect children's equal right to education added with a bright color.2006 years in rural areas especially remote mountainous area teachers' quality is not high/Added problems such as difficult,The ministry of education and other four department launched the rural compulsory education stage school teacher AD hoc positions plan,The open recruitment of college graduates to the county rural schools,Guide the rural compulsory education in college graduates work.

　　“老师，我很喜欢你的课，谢谢你！”云南省寻甸回族彝族自治县先锋中学学生贺艳青，给学校新来的特岗教师董双雪写了这样一张字条。“有时，学生会为我轻轻拍掉衣服上的粉笔灰，我感到很温暖。”从云南大学毕业后，董双雪和130个特岗教师一起通过考试来到寻甸山区学校任教。参与特岗教师招聘的寻甸县教育局干部老郭非常激动，他说，获聘的大学毕业生素质都比较高，适应能力也很强，他们会给边远乡村的孩子带来很多新变化。“我们的农村娃终于有了好老师！”

"The teacher,I like your class,Thank you!"The hui nationality autonomous county of yunnan province he found yi pioneer HeYanQing secondary school students,New to the school, the teacher DongShuang snow wrote such a note."sometimes,Students for I patted gently off clothes on the chalk,I feel very warm."From yunnan after graduation from the university,DongShuang snow and 130 special duty teachers together through the exam came to seek survey mountainous area schools.Participate in special duty teacher recruitment XunDianXian bureau of cadre LaoGuo very excited,He said,The employment of college graduates quality is higher,Adaptability is strong,They will give the remote rural children bring many new changes."Our rural Eva finally have a good teacher!"

　　教师引进来了，如何留住？2009年起，国家实施了义务教育阶段教师绩效工资改革，确保义务教育阶段教师平均工资水平不低于当地公务员的平均工资水平。2010年、2011年，中央还安排资金20亿元，专门用于改善边远艰苦地区农村教师周转宿舍条件。各地也都开展了改革工作，农村教师收入得到保障。6年来，国家特岗计划共招聘23.5万名特岗教师，赴22个省区、1023个县、2.8万所农村学校任教。服务期满特岗教师连续3年留任比例均达87%以上。

The teacher introduced,How to keep?Since 2009,National implementation of the compulsory education stage teacher performance wage reform,Ensure compulsory education stage teacher average wage level is not lower than the local average wage standard of the civil servants.In 2010,/In 2011,,The central also arrange capital of 2 billion yuan,Specially for the improvement of remote hard in rural teacher turnover dormitory condition.All are also carried out reform work,Rural teachers' income to obtain the safeguard.Six years,National special duty plan for a total of 235000 teachers, thin,To 22 provinces/1023 counties/The 28000 rural schools.Service expires, the teacher for three years on the payroll ratio reached 87%.

　　宽敞的教室、丰富可口的午餐……这一幕幕，在学校，已然成了一道亮丽的风景。儿童正在享受着一项项惠民工程所带来的实惠。

Spacious classroom/Rich and delicious lunch……The scenes,In the school,Has become a beautiful scenery.Children are enjoying the pieces we engineering brings benefits.

　　2001年~2005年，中央和地方政府累计投入约430亿元实施全国中小学危房改造工程，惠及全国6万所中小学，基本消除了危房校舍的安全隐患。

In 2001 ~ 2005,The central and local governments accumulated investment of about 43 billion yuan the implementation of national primary and secondary school dilapidated building reconstruction project,Benefit the national 60000 primary and secondary schools,Basically eliminated the dangerous house school safety hidden trouble.

　　2004年~2007年，100亿元被投入农村寄宿制学校改造工程，覆盖了中西部950多个县，满足了200万名新增学生的就学需求，197万名学生的寄宿需求……

In 2004 ~ 2007,10 billion yuan was put in rural residential school reconstruction project,Cover the Midwest in more than 950 counties,To satisfy the 2 million new students' school attendance requirements,1.97 million students lodging requirements……

　　这些举措的实施极大地改善了学校的办学条件，有效地缩小了义务教育的区域、城乡以及校际之间的差异。

The implementation of these measures greatly improve the school running conditions,Reducing effectively the compulsory education area/And the difference between the urban and rural schools.

让更多女童回归课堂 Let more girls return to the classroom

　　“免了学杂费，省下了几百块钱，减轻了我们家长的负担，也可以让孩子少遭点罪了。”进城务工人员子女韦金磊的母亲这样说，小金磊从此再也不用像以往那样利用课余时间捡拾旧报刊和饮料瓶来换钱攒学费了。他的课余时间开始充满欢歌笑语，他将与城里孩子一起共享优质教育资源，共浴义务教育普惠制的阳光……

"From tuition and fees,Save hundreds of dollars,Reduce the burden of our parents,Also can let the child was less point sin."Migrant workers children WeiJinLei mother say so,Xiao lei never need not use after school as usual time pick up the old newspapers and beverage bottle to change money saving the tuition fee.His spare time to start with singing,He will work with the city children together to share high quality education resources,Common bath compulsory education GSP sunshine……

　　小金磊只是众多随迁子女的一个缩影。据统计，2007年，中国农村进城务工人员大约有1.5亿人，随迁子女大约600万人，还有约2200万人留在家乡，他们占整个义务教育阶段学生总数的17%。

Xiao lei just many SuiQian a miniature of the children.According to the statistics,In 2007,,China's rural migrant workers about 150 million people,SuiQian children about 6 million people,There are about 22 million people stay at home,They accounted for the entire obligation education stage 17% of the total number of students.

　　当这一庞大的流动人群在为儿女的教育问题担忧时，党和国家及时向他们伸出了援助之手。

When the large flow in the crowd for children's education problem worry about,Party and state timely to their extending a helping hand.

　　近年来，党和国家根据“以流入地政府管理为主，以全日制公办中小学为主”的方针，各地积极采取措施，使进城农民工子女就学保障状况得到很大改善。 2004年2月26日，《中共中央国务院关于进一步加强和改进未成年人思想道德建设的若干意见》颁布以后，地方政府又纷纷制定和出台了一些相关政策和措施：取消流动儿童进入城市义务教育阶段公立学校就学的借读费，把流动儿童的义务教育纳入到城市整体教育发展规划中等。

In recent years,Party and state according to"Defined by the government management is given priority to,In full-time public elementary and middle schools give priority to"policy,All actively take measures,Make the rural workers children's schooling security conditions are improved greatly. On February 26, 2004,[The CPC central committee of the state council on further strengthening and improving the minors' ideological and moral construction of several opinions]Promulgated after,The local government and have formulated and issued some relevant policies and measures:Cancel the migrant children into the city compulsory education stage public school go to school non-residents,The obligation of the floating children's education into urban overall education development planning medium.

　　10年来，党和国家对儿童教育支持的金额一年比一年大，支持的项目一年比一年多，儿童入学率也一年比一年高。

Ten years,The party and country to children's education in support of the amount a year big,Support project than a year more than a year,Children enrollment rate is also a year high.

　　法律是保障儿童受教育权的最好措施。2006年《义务教育法》修订案里，从法律的层面保障了进城务工子女接受教育的权利。随后，配套政策相继出台，保障体系日趋完善。

The law is the guarantee children the best education measures.In 2006,[Compulsory education]In the revision of the,From the legal level security the migrant workers children accept education rights.then,Supporting policies have issued,Security system has become more and more perfect.

　　2012年9月6日，教育部部长袁贵仁在介绍《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要》有关情况时透露，目前进城务工人员随迁子女79.4%是在公办学校就读。应当说现在初步解决了随迁子女在城市接受义务教育的问题。

On September 6, 2012,The ministry of education minister yuan guiren indicated in this paper[National medium and long-term education reform and development plan outline]Relevant information disclosed,At present migrant workers SuiQian 79.4% children in public schools.Now say a primary solution to the children in the city SuiQian accept compulsory education problem.

　　女童是弱势儿童群体中的弱势。在农村，受家庭贫困和陈旧观念的影响，女童失学率、辍学率比例偏高。

Girl is disadvantaged children the vulnerable groups.In the countryside,By family poverty and old ideas,Girl's school dropout/Dropout rates proportion is on the high side.

　　“春蕾计划”为帮助女童应际而生。

"Spring buds program"In order to help girls should border is born.

　　宁夏回族自治区固原市彭阳县兰天秀出生在一个农民之家。因家境贫寒，就要上三年级的兰天秀只好辍学回家。辍学后，每天看到同龄的孩子背着书包去上学，兰天秀的眼里无数次地涌出泪水：“我想上学！”正当兰天秀处在失学的阴影时，“春蕾计划”向她伸出了温暖的援助之手。

Taking pengyang county, ningxia hui autonomous region guyuan city LanTianXiu was born in a family of farmers.Because of the poor,Be about to go up three grade school LanTianXiu had to go home.After school,Every day to see their peers back schoolbag children go to school,The eyes of the LanTianXiu countless times out tears:"I want to go to school!"As LanTianXiu in drop out of the shadows,"Spring buds program"She held out her to a warm helping hand.

　　兰天秀是幸运的，但不是唯一的。从1989年起，中国儿童少年基金会发起并组织实施“春蕾计划”以来，截至2007年，这项救助贫困地区失学女童重返校园的社会公益事业已经募集到6亿多人民币，帮助170多万女童回到课堂。

LanTianXiu is lucky,But not the only one.Since 1989,China children and teenagers' fund initiate and organize the implementation thereof"Spring buds program"since,By the end of 2007,The salvage girl dropouts in poverty-stricken areas to return to the campus social public welfare undertakings has raised more than 600 million yuan,Help more than 170 girls back to the classroom.

　　10年来，“教育免费”、持续加大义务教育资金投入以及向贫困地区倾斜的一系列惠民之举，不仅仅保障了儿童的受教育权，更为儿童的发展奠定了坚实的基础。

Ten years,"Education free"/Continuous increase compulsory education funds and a series of poor areas to tilt we lift,Not only guarantees the children's education,More children's development has laid a solid foundation.

　　我们坚信，中国儿童的未来一定更加美好。(撰文 记者 王慧莹)

We firmly believe that,Chinese children's future will be more beautiful.(Reporter WangHuiYing articles)