消解盲目撤点并校后遗症(政策聚焦·关注撤点并校) Eliminate blind from point BingJiao sequela(Policy focus · attention from point BingJiao)

　　目前，开始于2001年的农村义务教育学校撤并已暂停。教育部有关负责人在接受本报记者专访时坦言，在学校布局调整工作中，不少地方存在过急过快的情况，导致出现了一些不容忽视、必须切实加以解决的突出问题：上学路程普遍变远，孩子上学交通安全隐患增多；还有一些寄宿制学校办学条件差；另外并入学校大班额问题突出；部分群众经济负担加大。

At present,Started in 2001 rural compulsory education school should have been suspended.The ministry of education related person in charge in an interview with our reporter said,In the school layout adjustment work,Many local existed too urgent situation,Leads to the some nots allow to ignore/Must solve practical problems:School generally become far journey,Their children to school traffic safety hidden danger increases;There are some residential school condition is poor;Other schools merged into large amount of problems;Part of the economic burden on increasing.

　　盲目撤点并校带来的后遗症该如何消除？近日，记者在多地调查发现，一些省份已意识到盲目撤并带来的突出问题，同时开始采取相应的措施。

Blind from point BingJiao bring sequela how to eliminate?recently,Reporter in the more survey found,Some provinces have come to realize that blind merger brings outstanding problems,At the same time began to take corresponding measures.

暂停撤点并校 Suspended from point BingJiao

部分地方恢复保留必要的小规模学校 Some local recovery keep necessary small schools

　　浙江教育厅有关负责人告诉记者，浙江有关部门正在制定《2013—2017年农村义务教育中小学校布局专项规划》。

Zhejiang provincial department of relevant person in charge told reporters,Zhejiang relevant departments are formulated[2013-2017 rural compulsory education in middle and primary schools of special planning layout].

　　而早在今年4月份，重庆就要求今年各区县政府暂停撤销或合并小学及教学点。今后撤并村小必须听取各方面的意见，尤其是要听取当地群众的意见，同时需经过区县政府和市教委两级审批同意。

And early in April this year,Chongqing requires the district this year the county government suspended revoked or merge elementary school and teaching school.Merger of future school must hear the opinions of the concerned,Especially to listen to the opinions of the local people,At the same time required to pass through area county government and the municipal education commission two stage with the examination and approval.

　　也是在几个月前，福建教育厅下发文件，要求各地审慎从严控制学校撤并，现有的农村小学和教学点原则上不再撤并：“严禁通过行政手段强行撤并学校，也不得通过减少教育教学资源投入的形式人为造成学校自然消亡。” 如确有特殊原因需撤并的，需经过一系列严格的程序。

Is in a few months ago,Fujian provincial issued documents,Requires all prudent strictly controlling the merger of the school,The existing rural elementary school and teaching school in principle should no longer:"It is strictly prohibited to through administrative means forcibly merger of the school,Nor by reducing the education teaching resources input form man-made school natural death." If indeed the special reasons to the merger,Required to pass through a series of strict procedures.

　　除了叫停盲目撤并农村义务教育学校外，一些地方开始恢复保留必要的小规模学校。例如在云南省，怒江计划恢复50所已经撤销的村小和教学点。在江苏，徐州市也已开始恢复部分被撤销的学校布点，今年全年预计投资5.7亿元，改(扩)建和新建农村中小学121所，解决近1.3万名学生上学远的问题，这些孩子的家距离学校超过5公里。

In addition to stop blind merger of rural compulsory education school,Some place to start recovery keep necessary small schools.For example, in yunnan province,Nujiang river plans to restore 50 has reversed school and teaching school.In jiangsu,Xuzhou has also beginning to recover part of the revoked school stationing,This year the whole year is expected to invest 570 million yuan,change(expansion)Built and new rural 121 primary and secondary schools,Solve nearly 13000 students to go to school far problem,The children's house school more than 5 kilometers distance.

确定走读距离 Sure day distance

考虑学生体力、道路条件、自然环境等因素 Consider student physical/Road conditions/Natural environmental factors

　　不久前，国务院办公厅印发《关于规范农村义务教育学校布局调整的意见》(以下简称《意见》)要求各地要根据不同年龄段学生的体力特征、道路条件、地处偏远、自然环境等因素，合理确定学校服务半径，尽量缩短学生上下学路途时间。

Not long ago,Issued by the general office of the state council[Rural compulsory education on regulating the school layout adjustment opinion](Hereinafter referred to as[opinion])According to different age paragraph requires all students' physical characteristics/Road conditions/remote/Natural environmental factors,To reasonably determine the school service radius,Try to shorten the students ShangXiaXue journey time.

　　学校的服务半径应该是多少才合适？事实上，各地也在进行探索。安徽较早地认识到撤点并校政策执行中存在的简单化和一刀切情况。教育厅基础教育处处长缪富国介绍安徽的政策：“小学教学网点的服务半径约为2公里左右。农村小学低年级走读生上学途中单程时间不超过30分钟，小学高年级和初中走读生上学途中单程时间一般以不超过45分钟为宜。”

The school service radius should be how much is appropriate?In fact,Also in all to explore.Anhui early know to withdraw point BingJiao policy execution the existing simplification and one size fits all situation.Department of education foundation education director MiaoFuGuo introduce anhui policy:"Primary school teaching network service radius is about 2 kilometers.Rural primary school lower grade one day on his way to school for no more than 30 minutes,The elementary school higher grades and junior high school on his way to school day one-way time general with no more than 45 minutes advisable."

　　什么样的学校服务半径才算合理，各地还是有差异的。新疆今年年初规定，小学教学网点的服务半径一般不超过3公里，农村小学低年级走读生上学途中单程时间不超过30分钟，小学高年级上学途中单程时间不超过45分钟。而福建今年出台文件规定，农村走读生单程步行上学时间一般以20分钟以内为宜，最远不超过30分钟。

What kind of school service radius is reasonable,There are still differences around.Xinjiang provisions earlier this year,Primary school teaching network service radius generally not more than 3 km,Rural primary school lower grade one day on his way to school for no more than 30 minutes,The elementary school higher grades one way to school for no more than 45 minutes.But fujian this year issued documents,Rural extern one-way walk to school time general with within 20 minutes advisable,As no more than 30 minutes.

保障交通安全 Ensure traffic safety

制止采用低速货车、三轮汽车等车辆接送学生 Stop using low-speed truck/Tricar vehicles, such as shuttle students

　　对于那些家离学校较远的孩子，如何保障他们上下学的交通安全，为社会所关注。那么，最近各地有什么新的举措吗？

For those who home far away from the school children,How to safeguard their ShangXiaXue traffic safety,For social concerns.so,What new move around recently?

　　浙江教育厅表示，力争用3年左右时间解决学校和家庭距离平原地区3公里以上、山区2公里以上的孩子上下学交通问题。根据浙江实际，目前主要通过加大公交运力开通学生公交专线方式、成立校车专营公司“专车专营”方式、周末班车接送方式、租用社会车辆方式和学生自备车接送等方式保障学生上下学交通安全。另外，公共交通不能满足学生上学需要的，按照《浙江省学生交通安全保障工程实施办法》的规定，组织提供校车服务的责任落实到县一级政府。

Zhejiang provincial said,Strive to use three years time to resolve the school and the family distance plain region more than 3 km/Mountain 2 kilometers or more children ShangXiaXue traffic problems.According to zhejiang actual,At present the main public transport capacity by strengthening the opening students bus line mode/The company was established in the school bus"Special specializes in"way/Weekend bus transportation mode/Hire social vehicles way and student own car transportation way to safeguard the students ShangXiaXue traffic safety.In addition,Public transportation can't meet the need of students to go to school,According to the[Zhejiang students traffic safety guarantee measures for the implementation of the project]regulations,Group provides school bus service responsibility to implement the county government.

　　在安徽，通过增设农村客运班线及站点、增加班车班次、缩短发车间隔、设置学生专车等方式，满足学生的乘车需求。缪富国表示，安徽将严厉查处接送学生车辆超速、超员和疲劳驾驶等违法行为，坚决制止采用低速货车、三轮汽车、拖拉机以及拼装车、报废车等车辆接送学生。

In anhui,By adding a rural passenger transport and site/Increase bus divisions/Shorten departure interval/Set such students, etc,Meet the students' needs to ride.MiaoFuGuo said,Anhui will have been investigated and severely transportation vehicles speeding students/Prices and fatigue driving and illegal behavior,Resolutely put a stop to the low-speed truck/tricar/Tractor and car assembly/Scrap car transport vehicles, such as students.

超大班分流 Large class shunt

班额超标学校不再接收其他学校并入的学生 Class size exceeds bid schools are no longer receive other schools merge into students

　　《意见》指出，高度重视并逐步解决学校撤并带来的“大班额”问题。班额超标学校不得再接收其他学校并入的学生。

[opinion]Pointed out that,High attention and solved step by step school merger brings"Executive frontal"problems.Class amount shall not exceed the school to receive other schools merge into students.

　　安徽合肥市锦城小学今年9月刚刚投入使用，学校教导主任王发告诉记者：“目前，我们遵守每个班少于46人的原则，小班可以有效保证老师和孩子们之间的沟通交流。”锦城小学由原来的两所农民工子女定点学校合并而成，在学校筹划之初，区里和学校就对未来生源进行了预估。

Anhui hefei chengdu have been struck elementary school September this year just put into use,School director of teaching and WangFa told reporters:"At present,We keep each class less than 46 people principle,Small class can effectively guarantee the teacher and children communication between."Chengdu have been struck by the original primary school two migrant children fixed-point school merge and become,In the school at the beginning of the planning,District and school students for the future are estimated.

　　安徽全省通过新建和改扩建学校和合理分流学生等措施，使小学班额不超过46人，初中班额不超过50人。同时要求班额超标学校不得再接收其他学校并入的学生。对教育资源较好学校的“大班额”问题，通过实施学区管理、建立学校联盟、探索集团化办学等措施合理分流学生。

Anhui province through the new expansion and schools and reasonable shunt measures such as students,Make primary school class amount does not exceed 46 people,Junior high school class amount not more than 50 people.At the same time requirements class amount shall not exceed the school to receive other schools merge into students.To education resources is a good school"Executive frontal"problems,Through the implementation of the school district management/Establishing schools alliance/To explore the collectivization measures such as reasonable shunt students.

　　河南要求，原则上农村成建制小学每年级为1到4班，城镇小学每年级2到6班，班额不超过45人；初中每年级为4到12班，班额不超过50人；九年一贯制学校每年级为2到4班。禁止出现66人以上的超大班现象。

Henan requirements,In principle system of rural primary school every grade 1 to 4 class,Town primary school every grade 2 to 6 class,Class size no more than 45 people;Junior high school every grade 4 to 12 class,Class size not more than 50 people;Nine construct school every grade for 2 to 4 class.More than 66 people prohibited appear the phenomenon of large class.

留住优秀教师 Keep excellent teachers

职称晋升和绩效工资向农村教师倾斜 Title promotion and merit pay to teachers in rural tilt

　　在一些教育界专家看来，解决农村教育问题，就需要吸引更多优秀的教师留下来。记者注意到，《意见》提出，一方面提高公用经费标准，另一方面要稳定农村教师队伍，通过职称晋升和绩效工资倾斜等办法，让农村教师留得住，优秀教师下得去。

Some education experts in looks,Solve the problem of rural education,Will need to attract more excellent teachers to stay.Reporter noticed,[opinion]Put forward,On the one hand to improve public funds standard,On the other hand we should stabilize the rural teachers,Through the title promotion and performance salary tilting, way,Make the rural teachers stay live,Excellent teachers have to go under.

　　江西教育厅财务处处长胡军向记者介绍，2011年，全省农村义务教育财政性经费占当年全省财政性教育经费的38.5%。除了加大投入，江西省也开始不断改善农村教师的工作和生活条件。从2008年起建立了农村边远地区教师特殊津贴制度，省级财政每年安排1亿元，为全省农村教师发放特殊津贴。2011年起，江西省级财政增加安排5000万元，提高边远地区教师特殊津补贴标准。与此同时江西省还开展了农村教师周转宿舍建设工作，2010到2012年，为659所农村学校建设教师周转宿舍8192套。

Jiangxi provincial finance department director wu jun introduces to the reporter,In 2011,,The rural compulsory education finance funds in the province accounted for 38.5% of the finance education funds.In addition to increasing investment,Jiangxi province has started to improve rural teachers' working and living conditions.Since 2008 to establish the rural remote areas teachers' special allowance system,The provincial public finance arrangement 100 million yuan each year,For the province rural teacher issue special allowance.Since 2011,Jiangxi provincial public finance increase arranged 50 million yuan,In rural areas to improve teachers' special tianjin subsidies standards.Meanwhile jiangxi province has launched the rural teacher turnover dormitory construction work,From 2010 to 2012,For 659 rural schools teachers construction turnover dormitory 8192 sets.

　　“在职称评审、特级教师评选、工资福利待遇等方面，向农村教师倾斜，在绩效工资中，单设农村教师津贴，稳定农村教师队伍。”缪富国介绍说，这是安徽的政策。

"In the title appraisal/Superfine teacher selection/Salary welfare treatment, etc,Rural teachers to tilt,Wages in performance,Single set of rural teachers allowance,Stable rural teachers."MiaoFuGuo said,This is the policy of anhui province.

　　据悉，安徽还制定了全省统一的教师编制标准。缪富国建议，国家尽快出台城乡统一的中小学教师编制标准，加大对中西部省份中小学“特岗计划”、“国培计划”的支持力度，切实提高农村教师待遇，稳定农村教师队伍，提升农村教师队伍整体素质。本报记者 钱 伟 江 南 任江华

It is reported,Anhui has also made the province unified teacher establishment standard.MiaoFuGuo Suggestions,Countries on the unity of urban and rural areas as soon as possible the establishment standard primary and secondary school teachers,Increase to the central and western provinces elementary and middle schools"Special duty plan"/"Countries culture plan"support,In order to improve the rural teacher treatment,Stable rural teachers,Upgrade rural whole quality of teachers' team.Our reporter money wei river south RenJiangHua