新闻回顾 News review

　　今年以来，斯坦福大学、哈佛大学、麻省理工大学等相继推出“大规模在线公开课程”，完成课程的学生只要缴纳极少费用，就可获得认证，由于不是真正的文凭，有人称之为“微学位”。

Since this year,Stanford university/Harvard University/MIT university launched"Large-scale online public course",Completing the course students as long as pay little cost,Can get the authentication,They are not real diploma,Someone called"Micro degree".

　　实际上，我国目前已经有近70所现代远程教育试点高校可以开展网络高等学历教育招生，包括北京大学、中国人民大学、清华大学、北京交通大学、北京航空航天大学、北京理工大学等。其中，“网上人大”是国内第一所采用网络教学模式的网上大学，现有在读学生六万余名，分布在全国29个省、市、自治区。

In fact,Our country has nearly 70 modern distance education pilot college can develop the network education enrollment of higher education,Including Beijing university/People's university of China/Tsinghua university/Beijing jiaotong university/Beijing university of aeronautics and astronautics/Beijing university of science and technology etc.the,"Online National People's Congress"Is the first of the domestic network teaching mode adopted by the online university,The existing more than sixty thousand college students,Distribution in the national 29 provinces/city/Autonomous region.

　　

“在线教育”席卷全球 "Online education"Sweeping the globe

　　

“微学校”颠覆常规模式？ "Micro school"Overturn conventional mode?

　　

去年起，一场“在线教育”风潮席卷全球。 Last year,a"Online education"Agitation sweeping the globe.

　　斯坦福大学计算机系的一位教授，把自己的一门课放到了互联网上，结果全球有十几万人注册，这些人，除了在网上听他的实时讲授，还和斯坦福大学的在校生做同样的作业、接受同样的评分和考试。最后，有几千人完成了这门课程。这位教授看到了其中的商机，在硅谷拉到了一千多万美元的投资，成立了在线教育公司“课程时代”。更早一些，谷歌无人驾驶汽车的发明者、大名鼎鼎的斯坦福教授Thrun，也离职创办了在线教育网站Udacity。

Stanford university computer system of a professor,His own a course on the Internet,Results the global have several hundred thousand people registered,These people,In addition to online to listen to his real-time teaching,Also and Stanford university student do the same work/Accept the same score and exam.finally,Thousands of people to complete the course.The professor saw one of the business opportunities,In silicon valley pull to more than $one thousand in investment,Set up online education company"Course time".Earlier some,Google unmanned the inventor of the car/Big-name Stanford professor Thrun,Also exit started online education website Udacity.

　　今年4月，美国“课程时代”项目上线，已吸引来自全球190个国家的100多万名学生注册。目前，该项目已与密西根大学、宾夕法尼亚大学、普林斯顿大学、斯坦福大学、加州理工学院等33所世界知名院校签署协议，免费提供约200门在线课程。

In April this year,The United States"Course time"Project on-line,Has attracted the world's 190 countries from more than 100 student registration.At present,This project has and the university of Michigan/The university of Pennsylvania/Princeton university/Stanford university/California institute of technology and the world famous colleges and universities signed the agreement,Provide free about 200 online course.

　　今年5月，哈佛和麻省理工共同宣布，将投入6000万美元开发一个在线教育平台。不仅两个学校的授课过程免费向全世界开放，这个平台本身也向其他大学和教育机构免费开放。

In may this year,Harvard and MIT announced together,It will spend $60 million to develop an online education platform.Not only two school teaching process free open to the world,This platform itself also to other universities and education institutions open for free.

　　在线教育已经不仅仅是一个镜头、一段远程视频这么简单，而增加了“互动”、“互助”、“行为评价和诱导”等新的技术和色彩。例如，师生可以随时对话，计算机能够记录你在一张幻灯片上停留的时间，判别你在答错一道题之后有没有回头复习，统计你在网上提问的次数、参与讨论的多少，然后在这个基础上，对你的学习行为进行诱导和评价。此外，学习者还可以结成互助小组，甚至互相批改、评价对方的作业和报告。

Online education is not only is a lens/A remote video so simple,And increases the"interaction"/"mutual"/"Behavior evaluation and induction"The new technology and color.For example,The teachers and students can always dialogue,The computer can record your slide in the amount of time they spend,Discriminant you in a wrong question did after back to review,Statistics on the Internet you the number of questions/Participate in discussion of how many,Then on this basis,To your learning behavior induction and evaluation.In addition,Learners can also form group,Even correct each other/Evaluation of each other's homework and report.

　　据了解，“课程时代”之所以吸引人，一方面因为它的课程内容来自名校，另一方面因为它的互动性。其计算机课程老师会在关键节点布置作业，通常是让学生编写程序，学生上传作业后会得到批改和反馈，学生之间也可以组成小组，互评作业、讨论问题。这门课有10万人注册，4.6万人做了作业并且参加考试，最后有1.3万人拿到结业证书。

It is understood,"Course time"Are attractive,On the one hand because of its course content from school,On the other hand because of its interactive.The computer course the teacher will be in the key node homework,Is usually let students write a program,Students upload homework will get correct and feedback,Among the students can form a group,Web pages/Discuss the problem.This course has 100000 registered,46000 people do the homework and take an exam,Finally, there are 13000 people get the graduation certificate.

　　美国已经出现了提供专门辅导的家教网站，学习者可以在网站上列明的专家中按课目寻找自己所需要的辅导者，在10分钟的视频交流之后，辅导服务开始按分钟计费。也就是说，学习者和辅导者可以通过很低的成本、在很短的时间内实现有效对接，构造“一对一”的学习情境。以上信息技术能够营造提供的种种情境，我们不妨称之为“微学校”。如今计算机和网络无处不在，“微学校”将可以随时随地搭建。因为“微学校”的存在，未来的学生可能是在家里学习，而到学校去，则主要是作业答疑，现有学校的运作模式可能面临颠覆。

The United States has appeared to provide special tutoring tutor website,Learners can be shown on the website of the experts to find subjects needed mentoring relationships,In 10 minutes of video communication later,Counseling service began by minutes billing.That is,Learners and mentoring relationships can through the very low cost/In a short time to realize effective butt,structure"one-on-one"Learning situation.The above information technology can create provide all kinds of situation,We might as well call it"Micro school".Now computer and network everywhere,"Micro school"Will be able to build anytime and anywhere.because"Micro school"existence,The future of students may be study at home,And go to school,Basically be the answer homework,The mode of operation of the existing school could face subversion.

　　

网络高等学历教育 Network education of higher education

　　

我国近70所高校参与试点 Nearly 70 universities in our country to participate in the pilot

　　目前，我国多所高校已经开始了尝试提高教育信息化。前不久，清华大学和瑞典皇家工学院共同启动了虚拟校园（C-Campus）项目，两校师生实现远程、实时、相视、交互式课堂。西交利物浦大学将网络互动讨论运用于“自我管理”课程。浙江工商大学也曾尝试将5门通识课程上网，使学生可以通过网络公开视频选修并获得学分。

At present,Many universities in China have started trying to improve education informationization.Not long ago,Tsinghua university and the Swedish royal college of engineering jointly launched the virtual campus(C - Campus)project,Two school teachers and students to realize the remote/real-time/Each other/Interactive classroom.Xjtlu network interactive discussion used in"Self management"course.Zhejiang university of commerce also once tried to 5 door general course on the Internet,So that the students can through the network public video elective and access to credit.

　　华中师范大学已开始建立数字化校园。学校采用在线教育方式开设的课程已有20多门，并且要求每个学生必须有两门课通过在线方式学习，并且计入总学分。从实践看，中国学生在课堂上往往比较安静，不喜欢讨论，但是在网络上却很活跃，无论是提问还是发言都很积极。该校将和微软亚洲研究院讨论进一步的合作，希望将他们在多媒体、自然用户界面等方面的研究成果应用在教育上。

Central China normal university has begun the establishment of digital campus.The school USES online education mode to open course for 20 many,And asked each student must have two course through online learning way,And included in the total credits.See from the practice,Chinese students in the classroom tend to be quiet,Don't like to discuss,But in the network is very active,Both ask questions or speech all very positive.The school will and Microsoft research Asia to discuss further cooperation,Hope will they in multimedia/Natural user interface the research of the application in the education.

　　与此同时，今年9月我国正式开通了教师教育网络联盟，包括华中师范大学在内的全国6所师范类大学通过公共统一平台，可进行课程的共享和互动。

meanwhile,September this year China officially opened the teacher education network alliance,Including central China normal university, national 6 normal universities through the public unified platform,The course can be Shared and interactive.

　　另外，我国目前已有近70所现代远程教育试点高校可以开展网络高等学历教育招生，包括北京大学、中国人民大学、清华大学、北京交通大学、北京航空航天大学、北京理工大学等。其中，“网上人大”是国内第一所采用网络教学模式的网上大学，现有在读学生六万余名，分布在全国29个省、市、自治区。

In addition,At present in China, the nearly 70 modern distance education pilot college can develop the network education enrollment of higher education,Including Beijing university/People's university of China/Tsinghua university/Beijing jiaotong university/Beijing university of aeronautics and astronautics/Beijing university of science and technology etc.the,"Online National People's Congress"Is the first of the domestic network teaching mode adopted by the online university,The existing more than sixty thousand college students,Distribution in the national 29 provinces/city/Autonomous region.

　　据了解，“网上人大”主要通过计算机互联网进行业余、分散式教学，学生在任何时间和地点都可以进行课程学习。主要教学环节有：网上导学，即通过网络发布导学资料，包括开篇导学、阶段导学、日常辅导和考前辅导等。自主学习，包括多媒体课程和纸介教材自学。多媒体课程有网络版和光盘版两种形式，分别用于上网或不上网条件下的课程学习，主要内容由学前指导、学习内容、教师讲解、综合练习、相关案例与参考资料等组成。网上答疑通过常见问题库、教师信箱、交流园地、值机答疑等方式进行。网上讨论通过网络BBS在师生之间和同学之间进行。

It is understood,"Online National People's Congress"Mainly through the computer the Internet amateur/Distributed teaching,Students at any time and place all can undertake course learning.The main teaching links have:Online guide to learn,That is, through the network by guiding material,Including the opening guiding/Stage guiding/Daily guidance and tutor before test, etc.Autonomous learning,Including multimedia course and paper materials self-study.Multimedia course has online and cd-rom version two forms,Are used separately to surf the Internet or not under the condition of online learning,The main content by preschool instruction/Learning content/The teacher explained/Comprehensive practice/Related cases and reference material, etc.On-line question-answering through the FAQ library/Teachers address/Exchange field/Check-in answer way, etc.An online discussion through the network BBS between teachers and students and students in between.

　　“网上人大”目前最受欢迎的专业是社会工作专业，其高中起点本科学制5年，学习期限5-7年，总学分150学分。课程学习的具体安排，由学生根据教学计划和自身情况决定。在规定期限内，修满学分，考试合格，即可毕业。

"Online National People's Congress"At present the most popular professional social work is a professional,The starting point of high school undergraduate course school system for five years,Learning a period of five to seven years,Total credits 150 credits.Course of the specific arrangements,By the students according to the teaching plan and to own.Within the time limit as prescribed,Builds full credit,Passing the examination,Can graduate.

　　

名校推出“微学位”认证 School out of"Micro degree"The authentication

　　

是否会冲击传统高校？ Whether it will impact the traditional university?

　　

“在线教育”不仅仅是免费。 "Online education"Is not only free.

　　今年5月，哈佛和麻省理工宣布：对于完成一门课程的学生，只要缴纳极少费用，就可以获得一个认证，这个认证并不是真正的学位，有人称之为“微学位”。

In may this year,Harvard and MIT announced:To complete a course of students,As long as pay little cost,You can get a the authentication,This certification is not the real degree,Someone called"Micro degree".

　　那么，“微学位”会冲击传统高校的生存路径吗？

so,"Micro degree"Will impact the traditional college survival path?

　　有专家认为，哈佛和麻省理工之所以免费，理由之一是研究开发最好的在线教育平台，并强化其学校的品牌效应。但这只是硬币的一面，对学习者免费并不代表他们无利可赢。但做一个保守的估计，假设一门课程的“微学位”认证费用为100美元，每一门课程每一年在全世界的范围内接受10万人的认证，以全校100门课程计，年收入将会高达10亿美元。

Some experts think the,Harvard and MIT is free,One reason is that research and development of the best online education platform,And strengthen its school brand effect.But this is only one side of the coin,Learners free does not mean that they can win without the.But do a conservative estimate,Assume that a course"Micro degree"The authentication expenses for 100 dollars,Each course every year in the world to accept 100000 people within the scope of the authentication,With the 100 course meter,Income will be as much as $1 billion.

　　而那些免费的“在线教育”，也不代表不挣钱。斯坦福名教授Thrun创办的在线教育网站Udacity，就宣布免费，但它的商业模式，是将1%学习成绩最好的学生直接输送给全世界最好的公司，从中收取中介费。换句话说，该网站不仅为全世界的学习者提供免费的学习平台，还包找最好的工作。这会在学习者当中激起怎样的竞争？对传统大学的威胁又何在？

And those free"Online education",Also do not represent does not earn money.Stanford professor Thrun started online education website Udacity,Will announce a free,But its business model,The study result is 1% of the best students direct delivery to the world's best companies,Collecting agency fee.In other words,This website not only for the world learners provide free learning platform,Still pack to find the best jobs.It will arouse the learners of how competition?The threat of the traditional university and where?

　　据了解，关于未来课本的研发也在进行中，微软硅谷研究院正在研究的未来课本不再是简单的电子书，而是在云计算、电子阅读器及大量在线内容的影响下，实现24小时互联，提供丰富的交互式、富媒体体验。此外，微软研究院开发的面部识别技术、视线跟踪技术可以让电脑跟踪学生的视线和表情，如果学生一直在看材料，就说明他可能没听懂，这样老师就可以实时了解学生的状态。这些都会提高网络教学的互动性。

It is understood,About the future development of the textbook is also in progress,Microsoft research silicon valley is the future of the research books is no longer a simple ebook,But in cloud computing/Electronic reader and a large number of online under the influence of the content,To realize the 24 hours,Provide abundant interactive/Rich media experience.In addition,Microsoft research development of face recognition technology/Eye tracking technology can make computer tracking student's line of sight and expression,If a student has been see material,It shows that he may not understand,This teacher can real-time understand the student's state.All of which will improve the network teaching interactive.

　　这会不会波及国内大学呢？

It will sweep the domestic university??

　　华中师范大学校长、教育部教育信息技术工程研究中心主任杨宗凯表示：“肯定是有影响的。一方面，这些在线课程是非常优质的教育资源，另一方面，众多的学生在学习这个课程，不容忽视。对于国内大学来说，目前面临的挑战一是应该怎样利用互联网上的各种资源，二是如何做出高质量的课程来影响别人。”高靓

Central China normal university President/The ministry of education education information technology engineering research center director YangZongKai said:"Sure is an influence.On the one hand,These online course is very high quality education resources,On the other hand,Many students in learning this course,Nots allow to ignore.For the domestic university speaking,Now the challenge is how to use the Internet to the gathering of all kinds of resources,The second is how to make high quality courses to influence other people."High beautiful