大学生运动猝死频发谁之过 Students who have frequent movement of sudden death

专家：身体素质下降和不健康的作息习惯难辞其咎 experts:Physical quality decline and unhealthy habit of corrupting vibrant traditions

　　汉口一家金融公司工作的张先生给本报打来电话，就10日发生于上海杉达学院的一大二男生上篮球课时，在并无冲撞的情况下倒地猝死的事件以及近一个月来多起关于大学生参加体育活动时发生猝死的报道，询问为何在运动量并不大的情况下，朝气蓬勃的大学生会发生如此悲剧？运动猝死的原因到底是什么？如何才能避免此类悲剧的再次发生？

Hankou a financial firm Mr Zhang to our call,10 day happened in Shanghai institute of Chinese fir of one of the big boys on the basketball class,There is no impact on the ground under the condition of sudden death events and nearly a month to several about college students to participate in sports activities happened sudden death reports,Ask why in physical activity is not big,Full of vigor and vitality of college students can have such a tragedy?Sport what is the cause of the sudden death?How to avoid such tragedy happening again?

　　带着这些疑问，记者采访了湖北省中医院心血管内科副主任医师高长昀。高长昀结合自己在医疗实践中遇到的具体病例，向我们详细解释了运动过程中发生猝死的医学原因。

With these questions,The reporter interviewed hubei institute of traditional Chinese medicine cardiovascular internal medicine of doctor of vice director of GaoChangYun.GaoChangYun combined with himself in the medical practice in the specific case,To explain in detail the process of movement occurred in the sudden death of medical reasons.

　　高长昀介绍，运动过程中发生的猝死通常分为心源性猝死和脑源性猝死两种情况，其中心源性猝死是导致猝死的主要原因。心源性猝死主要与心肌梗塞和心律严重失常有关，而脑动脉瘤破裂引发的脑出血则通常是造成脑源性猝死的罪魁祸首。通常情况下，猝死更容易发生在患有高血压、糖尿病以及中风等疾病的老年人群中。此外，职业运动员和长时间保持高强度工作的抢险救灾人员发生猝死的概率也高于常人。

GaoChangYun introduced,The process of movement occurred in sudden death is usually divided into sudden cardiac death and brain sudden cardiac death two circumstances,In the center of its sudden cardiac death is the main cause of death.Sudden cardiac death and myocardial infarction and rhythm of the main serious disorder related,And cerebral aneurysm rupture caused by cerebral hemorrhage is usually caused by brain responsible for sudden cardiac death.usually,Sudden death is more likely to occur in patients with high blood pressure/Diabetes and stroke, and disease of older people.In addition,Professional athletes and long time to maintain the high strength work of the emergency rescue and disaster relief personnel happening probability of sudden death than ordinary people.

　　在高长昀看来，大学生在运动中猝死的主要原因还是与其自身的体质有关。不少人会在悲剧发生后质疑猝死者生前并没有心脏病、高血压之类的疾病，为何会猝然离世。对此，高长昀解释说，这些质疑通常都是基于学生入学时的体检报告以及猝死者亲朋好友的主观判断，但是事实上有些大学生存在的心脏或血管问题是十分隐蔽的，很难通过常规体检检查出来。更为先进的造影检查技术可以较及时地检查出这些潜在问题，但是由于成本较高，目前尚未在高校体检中推广。

In GaoChangYun seems,College students in the movement of the main cause of sudden cardiac death or its predisposition.Many people will be in after the sudden death of tragedy question before and no history of heart disease/Diseases such as high blood pressure,Why abrupt departure.this,GaoChangYun explained,These questions are often based on the students medical report and the sudden death of relatives and friends of the subjective judgment,But in fact, some college students are the heart and blood vessels is very hidden,It is difficult to through the conventional medical check out.More advanced imaging technology can be a timely check out these potential problems,But due to the high cost,At present has not yet in university medical promotion.

　　悲剧接连发生后，不少网友表示大学生日益下降的身体素质和不健康的作息习惯难逃干系。据了解，郑州大学男子3000米纪录，是1960年一位政治系的学生创造，成绩为9分23秒，该记录已尘封半个世纪之久。另外，国家体育总局和教育部2011年9月联合发布的国民体质检测结果表明，大学生身体素质一直在下降，与1985年相比，肺活量下降了近10%，大学女生800米跑、男生1000米跑的成绩分别下降了10.3%和10.9%，立定跳远成绩分别下降了2.72厘米和1.29厘米。对于饱受社会诟病的大学生身体素质逐年下降这一现象，高长昀说，自己在从事医疗工作的过程中，切身感受到了近年来年轻人体质明显下降的变化。在她接诊的病人中，年轻人患有高血压和糖尿病的比例较前些年上升不少，而这两者都是诱发猝死的重要潜在因素。

After the ensuing tragedy,Not a few net friend says college students' declining physical quality and health habit, the do not escape.It is understood,Zhengzhou university men's 3000 m record,Is 1960 a department of political science students to create,Results for 9 minutes 23 seconds,This record has dusty half a century.In addition,State general administration of sport and the ministry of education in September 2011, issued jointly by the national physical test results show that,College students' physical quality has been declining,Compared with 1985,Lung volume dropped by nearly 10%,College girls in the 800 - meter run/The boy in the 1000 - meter run result decreased by 10.3% and 10.9% respectively,The standing long jump results were down 2.72 cm and 1.29 cm.For by social for college students physical quality to drop year by year this phenomenon,GaoChangYun said,In the process of being engaged in medical work,Personal feeling in recent years young man constitution declined obviously change.In her accepts patients,Young people with high blood pressure and diabetes than in previous years the proportion of rise a lot,And these are the important potential factors cause sudden death.

　　对于运动中发生猝死时该如何抢救，高长昀坦言，发生猝死时抢救的黄金时效极为短暂，越早抢救病人生还的可能性就愈大。在国外，由于急救知识的普及面较广，往往会要求猝死的现场“第一目击者”进行徒手心肺复苏等抢救措施，国家公务人员更是被要求要掌握基本的抢救知识。而在国内，对于公众的急救知识教育还处于较为缺乏的阶段，不少人面对此类突发状况时往往手足无措。

For movement occurred in the sudden death of how to rescue,GaoChangYun said,Occur when sudden rescue gold aging very short,The earlier the possibility of rescue patients survived the great.In a foreign country,Due to the first aid knowledge a wide popularization,Often can ask the sudden death"The first witness"To make an unarmed cardiopulmonary resuscitation and rescue measures,National official is required to master basic knowledge of the rescue.In China,For the public's first aid knowledge education is still in a relatively lack of stage,Many people in the face of such emergencies are often overwhelmed.

　　专家一致认为，相较于猝死发生后的抢救，对于猝死的预防更有意义，但是往往也最容易被公众忽视。高长昀说，大学生等年轻人群不能自恃身体强壮而忽视了对于猝死的预防，因为暴饮暴食、情绪易激动、工作压力大、过于劳累等都会对心血管造成伤害，而经常熬夜、作息不规律则容易引发冠状动脉痉挛。如果在熬夜之后立马去进行剧烈运动，发生猝死的概率就会大大增加。

Experts agree that,After the occurrence of sudden cardiac death compared to the rescue,For the prevention of sudden cardiac death more meaningful,But often the most easy to ignore the public.GaoChangYun said,College students and young people cannot count on the body strong and ignore the prevention of sudden cardiac death,And because/Mood easily excited/Stressful work/Too tired to cardiovascular can cause damage,Often stay up late/Work and rest not rule is easy to trigger coronary artery spasm.If the immediately after staying up late to strenuous exercise,The probability of sudden death happened will increase greatly.

　　高长昀提醒，冬季天气寒冷，人体在低温状态下外围血管会收缩，从而导致血压上升，心脏负荷增加。平时活动少的人此时若突然增加活动量，心血管系统极易发生紊乱，引发心源性猝死。高长昀建议，人们应该重视对于猝死的预防，但是也不必产生过分的忧虑，定期进行健康体检来消除心脏等器官的隐患，辅之以合理的运动和乐观的心态，猝死就会自然退避三舍。对于部分高校取消长跑的做法，高长昀认为不能因为发生几起这样的事件就因噎废食，更应该在丰富体育锻炼的形式和考核体系方面入手，培养大学生的科学运动意识。

GaoChangYun remind,It's cold in winter,The human body in the low temperature condition peripheral vascular will shrink,Causing increased blood pressure,Cardiac load increase.Usual activities less people then if suddenly increase activity,The cardiovascular system vulnerable to disorder,Cause sudden cardiac death.GaoChangYun Suggestions,People should pay attention to the prevention for sudden death,But also don't have to have a worry,Regular health check-up to eliminate the hidden trouble of the organs such as heart,Supplemented by reasonable sports and optimistic state of mind,Sudden death will be natural step.For some universities to cancel the practice of long distance,GaoChangYun think cannot because several incidents of this incident,More should be in the form of rich physical training and evaluation system aspects,Training students' scientific sports consciousness.

(见习记者 李世杰 通讯员 艾肖)

(Trainee reporter LiShiJie YiXiao correspondent)