中国社会科学院马克思主义研究院、华图政信公共管理研究院、社会科学文献出版社20日在北京联合举办2012年《公共服务蓝皮书》发布暨城市基本公共服务力评价理论研讨会，会议发布了《中国城市基本公共服务力评价(2011～2012)》。

The Chinese academy of social sciences institute of marxism/China figure government letter institute of public administration/Social sciences academic press, held in Beijing union in 2012[Public service blue book]Release and urban basic public service evaluation theory seminar,The meeting issued a[China's urban basic public service evaluation(2011-2012)].

　　中国教育事业获得高速发展的同时，也出现了一些群众反映比较强烈的问题，比较突出的是上学难、上学贵问题。主要反映在出现择校热，各种乱收费、高收费现象屡禁不止。近年，由于学生名额、户籍等问题的影响，造成小孩入学难，严重影响了家长对学校及教育的抱怨。

For China's education cause rapid development at the same time,There was also some questions reflect the strong public,More outstanding is difficult to go to school/Your school problems.Mainly reflected in the usual heat,All kinds of fees/High fees phenomenon prohibit repeatedly.In recent years,Because the student number/The influence of census register, etc,Cause child admission,Serious impact on the parents of the school of education and complain.

　　蓝皮书称，针对“入学难”问题，在38个城市进行深度调查的结果显示，有45.73%的人选择了需要托关系或者缴赞助费，这表明入学难问题的确存在，且相对较严重。其中，特大型城市如上海、北京、广州，在这一问题上较二三线城市更为严重。

Blue said,In view of the"The entrance to"The problem,In 38 cities results show that the depth of investigation,Was the choice for 45.73% of the people need, relationship or pay as sponsor fee,This shows that the entrance difficulties really do exist,And is relatively serious.Among them,Large cities such as Shanghai/Beijing/guangzhou,On this issue is the three lines city is more serious.

　　基于此次调查，蓝皮书进一步分析了入学难的原因，具体为：

Based on the survey,Further analyzes the reasons of the entrance to blue,Specific for:

　　一是教育资源配置的不均衡引起的“择校热”。

It is caused by the imbalance of education resources allocation"Usual hot".

　　在原来学校建设整体比较落后的情况下，通过倾斜政策扶持形成了少数“重点学校”，重点学校具有传统优势，再加上一些地方人为的教育资源配置失衡，造成了目前学校之间存在较大的差距，从而引发了“择校热”。但能上重点学校的孩子毕竟有限，于是出现了高达数千元甚至几万元的择校费、赞助费。“择校热”既加重了家长的负担，又成为产生教育腐败的诱因。

In the original school construction as a whole under the circumstances of a comparatively weak,Through the policy support form the minority"The key school",The key school with traditional advantage,Plus some of the local people education resources allocation imbalance,Cause there is a big gap between the current school,And the"Usual hot".But to go to the key school the child, after all, limited,Then appeared 择校费 of up to thousands or even tens of thousands of yuan/sponsorship."Usual hot"Not only increased the burden of the parents,And become the causes of corruption in education.

　　二是各种乱收费、高收费现象屡禁不止。

The second is all kinds of fees/High fees phenomenon prohibit repeatedly.

　　近年来，尽管教育主管部门三令五申，严禁乱收费，但一些地方和中小学校以各种名义，违反规定乱收费、高收费，一些基层政府和有关部门向学校或通过学校向学生摊派和搭车收费，这些都加重了学生和家长的负担，也间接加剧学生入学难的问题。

In recent years,Even though reduce the education department,It is strictly prohibited to collect fees in disorder,But some places and primary and secondary schools in various kinds of name,Violation of the regulations, collect fees in disorder/High fees,Some basic-level governments and relevant departments to the school or through the school students to apportion and charge a lift,These have increased the burden of the students and parents,Also indirectly increase the difficulty of students.

　　蓝皮书同时也给出了应对思路，首先，要明确各级政府的责任，切实加大财政投入。主要是建立中央与地方分项目、按比例分担的经费保障机制。经费投入方面，对薄弱学校的改造采取倾斜政策，中央财政重点支持中西部地区，兼顾东部部分困难地区。扩大免除学杂费的范围，加大对贫困学生的资助力度，加强教师资源的统筹管理和合理配置，促进师资力量的均衡发展，保障教育资源的公平分配。

Blue book also gives the train of thought,In the first place,To be clear the responsibility of the governments at all levels,To increase the financial investment.Mainly is to establish the central and local projects/According to the proportion of share funds safeguard mechanism.The funds investment in,The transformation of the weak school adopt preferential policy,The central focus on financial support for the central and western regions,Give consideration to the eastern part of the difficult areas.Expand the scope of the tuition and fees,Increase funding for poor students,Strengthen the overall management and rational allocation of resources,Promote the balanced development of teachers,Guarantee a fair distribution of education resources.

　　其次，要加大管理和监督。把义务教育工作重心进一步落实到办好每一所学校和关注每一个孩子健康成长上来。按照义务教育阶段学校办学条件的基本要求，逐步缩小学校之间办学条件的差距。禁止以任何名义将学校分为重点和非重点，坚持实行小学和初中免试就近入学。

The second,To strengthen management and supervision.To implement compulsory education the focus further to have done well in every school and every child healthy growth.According to the basic requirements of the conditions of running school compulsory education stage,Gradually narrowing the running conditions of the gap between the school.Ban the school is divided into key and key in any name,An exemption to adhere to elementary school and junior high school.

　　与此同时，要从源头上制止教育乱收费，加强对教育乱收费的惩罚。继续推行“一费制”，禁止提高收费标准或超标乱收费，禁止地方政府及有关部门通过学校向学生搭车收费。积极推行校务公开和收费公示制度，建立收费听证制度，实行收费资金“收支两条线”管理，确保收费标准和资金流向公开化、透明化。建立教育乱收费责任追究制度，加强监督检查，加大处罚力度。对学校收费情况和财务情况定期进行审计，发现问题及时纠正，对顶风违纪的乱收费案件从严查处。(完)

At the same time,From the source to stop education collects fees in disorder,Strengthen the punishment of education collects fees in disorder.Continue to carry out"A fee system",Prohibited to improve charging standard or standard fees,From local government and relevant departments to students through the school a lift.Actively promote the general public and charging system,Set up charge hearing system,The charge for money"Two lines of payments"management,To ensure the flow rate and capital to open/transparent.A system for assigning responsibility for education collects fees in disorder,To strengthen the supervision and inspection,Increase the punishment.For school fees and financial situation audit on a regular basis,Find out problems timely correcting,Fees severely penalize the case of into the discipline.(after)