进入2013年，一部名叫“异地高考”的大片，在全国拉开序幕。

In 2013,,A name"Different college entrance examination"The large,In the country.

　　在安徽，1月6日到12日，外省籍考生可以补报2013年高考；

In anhui province,On January 6 to 12 days,Mainlanders examinee can owed the college entrance examination in 2013;

　　在重庆，1月7日至11日之间，符合条件的外省市考生，也可补报名；

In chongqing,Jan. 7 to 11,Comply with the conditions of other provinces and cities,Can also be used for registration;

　　据浙江教育考试院透露，浙江的异地高考报名，和本省籍考生一样，将同时在3月进行。

According to zhejiang education revealed the examination yuan,Different college entrance examination in zhejiang province,And the mainlanders,Will be carried out in March, at the same time.

　　异地高考大片“导演”是教育部，“主演”是全国各地方政府，偏偏管钱的“制片人”，也是各地方政府。

Other university entrance exam of"The director"Is the ministry of education,"starring"The local government in the country,Are out of money"The producer",Is the local government.

　　据统计，2012年全国各级财政共提供教育经费22000亿元，其中中央财政仅3700亿，教育部所管辖的仅有1800余亿。

According to statistics,The 2012 national departments at all levels for finance, provide education funds is 2.2 trillion yuan,The central government is only 370 billion,Under the jurisdiction of the ministry of education of the only more than 1800 hundred million.

　　教育经费来源的地方化，必然导致教育资源的地方化。所以教育部这个导演就尴尬了，各地都有地域考量，于是自己搭台自己唱戏。于是，就有了各种不同的角色派别，他们是

The localization of education funding sources,Inevitably lead to the localization of education resources.So the ministry of education of the director was embarrassing,Everywhere there are regional concerns,So 搭台 yourself singing opera.so,It is the role of the various factions,They are

　　开明派：

liberal:

　　属于这一类的省份最多

Fall into this category of most provinces

　　在异地高考大片里，黑龙江省吃了一次“螃蟹”，成为全国第一个明确2013年异地高考报名条件的省份，申明外省籍考生只要有省内高中阶段完整学籍，父母有合法稳定职业、住所，就可以在黑龙江参加高考。之后，安徽、河北、重庆、辽宁、湖南等省市相继登场，公布政策，他们表情轻松，划定的门槛一般只要求有当地学籍，并在当地有完整的高中就读经历。

In the college entrance examination in large,Heilongjiang province had once"A crab",Become the first clear different application conditions of the university entrance exam in 2013 provinces,Statement mainlanders candidates as long as there is complete province high school student,Parents have a legal stable career/domicile,Can be in heilongjiang to attend the university entrance exam.after,anhui/hebei/chongqing/liaoning/Hunan provinces and cities one after another,Published policies,They look easy,According to the threshold of the only commonly require a local school,And in the local has a complete set of high schools.

　　浙江省也在这一“开明派”序列中。

Zhejiang province in this also"liberal"In the sequence.

　　谨慎派：

Careful sent:

　　多了一道社保限制

For more than a social security restrictions

　　吉林、甘肃、陕西、云南、内蒙古和贵州、宁夏等地，对异地高考的热情，比北上广低，又比“开明派”高，他们都有明确的社保限制。而山东、福建、江西等地则把异地高考实施推迟到一年以后。

jilin/Gansu province/shaanxi/yunnan/Inner Mongolia and guizhou/Ningxia, etc,Enthusiasm for different college entrance examination,Lower than the north guang,And than"liberal"high,They all have specific social security restrictions.The shandong province/fujian/Jiangxi, the different implementation of the university entrance exam until a year later.

　　保守派：

conservative:

　　北上广门槛最高

North guang highest threshold

　　北京、上海和广东，在异地高考大片中，最吸引全国眼球，但也表现得最矜持，不到最后一刻不登场。登场之后，也让期待的人大失所望，他们给出的门槛最高，盯着它们的人却最多。

Beijing/Shanghai and guangdong,In the college entrance examination in large,Most attracts the eyeball,But also played the most reserved,Not less than the last minute.After the first,Also let people disappointed,They are over the threshold of the highest,Staring at them but most.

　　北京，对随迁子女参加中高考，设置了两个时间点，一是2013年起符合条件的可考中职，硬杠杠条件包括连续缴社保满3年，子女连续读满初中3年有学籍等；二是从2014年起开放异地高考，首先从高职院校开始。

Beijing,To SuiQian children attend ZhongGaoKao,Set up two time points,One is eligible for school since 2013,Hard conditions including lever to pay social security full 3 years in a row,Children for reading junior middle school three year full status etc;2 from 2014 open different college entrance examination,Begin from higher vocational colleges.

　　广东和上海，也不约而同采用了渐进方式。广东允许符合条件的进城务工人员随迁子女从2014年开始可报考高等职业学院，随迁子女要求先在广东中考，有高中学籍，这样他们实际能就地参加高考的时间是2016年。2016年可以报名参加高考。上海则把异地高考和户籍挂钩，允许持有上海居住证A证的在沪外来务工人员子女就地高考，但至少要在2014年以后。

Guangdong and Shanghai,Also happen to coincide with the gradual way.Guangdong allows eligible SuiQian migrant workers children since 2014 can enter oneself for an examination of higher vocational college,SuiQian children requirements first in guangdong tests,A high school student,So that they can actually on to the university entrance exam time is 2016.Can sign up for the college entrance examination in 2016.Shanghai is to link different college entrance examination and census register,Allowed to hold Shanghai residence permit A certificate of the children of migrant workers in Shanghai college entrance examination on the spot,But at least after 2014.

　　观望派：

Looking to send:

　　教育洼地最怕高考移民

Education depression, the most afraid of migration for the college entrance examination

　　在2012年最后一天大限前，全国尚有4个省市没出台异地高考方案，它们均在中西部，传统上被称为“教育洼地”，有个共同点是人口较少但录取率较高，面临着严峻的“高考移民”挑战，所以它们出台异地高考方案也显得更为谨慎。此外，陕西、甘肃等省尽管已出台了政策，也多采取过渡、渐进式方案。

In 2012, before the last day of the deadline,There are 4 provinces and municipalities didn't come different college entrance examination,They are in the Midwest,Traditionally called"Education depression",Have in common is the less populated but the acceptance rate is higher,Faced with the severe"College entrance examination immigration"The challenge,So they are on different college entrance examination scheme also appears more cautious.In addition,shaanxi/Gansu provinces despite has issued a policy,Also take more transition/Progressive solutions.

　　迄今为止,全国只有海南新疆，还未出台方案。

So far,The only hainan in xinjiang,Has not yet come.

　　浙江某高校一位不愿透露姓名的教育专家说，高考本来应该纯粹，只担当高校选材的渠道。但这样纯粹的前提是，政府能平衡各地教育资源，保证不同地域的学生都能接受高质量的教育，避免学生因地域、城乡等原因在高校招生时处于弱势。

Zhejiang university a not to be named the education experts said,The university entrance exam should have pure,Only bear the selection of the channel.But this is the premise of pure,The government can balance education resources,Ensure that different parts of the students can receive high quality education,Avoid students because of the region/Urban and rural areas and other reasons weak in college enrollment.

　　“因历史遗留问题及经济发展等原因，当下全国范围的教育资源分布，尤其是优质高校分布，显然是不平衡的，所以高校在各地招生，也担当了平衡功能。”

"Because of the problems left over by history and economic development, etc,Now a nationwide education resources distribution,Especially the quality of distribution,Apparently is not balanced,So colleges and universities across the country,Also bear the balance function."

　　从某个角度说，把教育资源按照以前计划经济时期一样，作为一种福利来分配，也是一种高考不公平。

From a certain Angle said,Before the education resources in accordance with the planned economy period,As a kind of welfare to distribution,Is also a kind of the university entrance exam is not fair.

　　目前高考不公平的原因之一，是高校招生指标分配不均。

One of the reasons why the university entrance exam is not fair,College students is uneven distribution of the indicators.

　　有资料显示，2012年不同地区的一本录取率差异悬殊：北京超过27% ，上海超过20%，而浙江省，以温州为例，2012年一本率仅为9.80%，略高于全国8.5%的平均水平。

The data show that,In different parts of the 2012 a wide acceptance rate differences:Beijing more than 27% ,Shanghai more than 20%,And zhejiang province,In the case of wenzhou,In 2012 the rate is only 9.80%,Slightly higher than the national average of about 8.5%.

　　对异地高考政策的迫切需求，其实折射出了整个社会发展的不平衡，只有等整个社会经济文化平衡都慢慢弥补上了，高考问题也许才不会那么尖锐。

To the urgent needs of different policy of college entrance examination,In fact reflects the uneven development of the society as a whole,Only the whole social economy and culture, such as balance were up slowly,The university entrance exam questions maybe not so sharp.

　　作为浙江人，现在最关心什么？

As zhejiang person,What concerns you the most now?

　　新闻助读

Press help to read

　　随着大量城市流动人口和进城务工人员在异地工作时间的延长，其子女在流入地参加高考的问题日益迫切，社会上称之“异地高考”难题。

With a large number of urban floating population HeJinCheng workers to work in different time,Their children in defined for the problem of the university entrance exam is becoming more and more urgent,In the society of"Different college entrance examination"Difficult problem.

　　全国目前进城务工人员达到2.45亿人，随迁子女有2000多万人。其中相当一部分人在迁入地完成义务教育。

At least 245 million people are migrant workers throughout the country,SuiQian children has more than 2000 ten thousand people.Including quite a few people in the major completion of compulsory education.

　　2012年9月1日，国务院办公厅转发教育部等部门《关于做好进城务工人员随迁子女接受义务教育后在当地参加升学考试工作的意见》，要求各地在2012年12月31日前出台异地高考具体办法。

On September 1, 2012,Departments under the state council on forwarding the ministry of education[Preparation for migrant workers SuiQian children accept compulsory education in local entrance exam after work],Requires all issued in December 31, 2012 different specific measures for the college entrance examination.

　　2012年12月31日，北京、广东、上海出台政策，外地户籍考生暂不能在当地报名参加。迄今，全国还有青海、西藏未公布异地高考方案。

On December 31, 2012,Beijing/guangdong/Shanghai policy,Nonlocal census register examinee can not register in the local.So far,The national and qinghai/Tibet was not different college entrance examination.

　　专家分析，异地高考已“破冰”，但还有三个绕不过的壁垒，分别是：

Expert analysis,Different college entrance examination has"Break the ice",But there are three round but the barriers,Are respectively:

　　户籍壁垒。外来人员子女在流入地参加高考，势必“分享”流入地户籍考生上大学、上好大学的权益，势必会遭到很多户籍居民的反对，进而影响地方政府的决策。有多少地方政府愿意逆户籍居民的意志而动，在本地推行异地高考呢？显然不容乐观。

The household register barrier.Migrant children in defined for the college entrance examination,Certainly will"share"Defined the census register examinee college/The rights and interests of the good university,Will be opposed by many of the residents,Which affects the decision of the local government.How many local governments are willing to inverse the will of residents,In the local implementation of different college entrance examination?Apparently is not optimistic.

　　招生指标壁垒。我国各地高考招生名额分配本就不均衡，录取比例相差巨大，总体而言，越是经济较发达省份的外来人口越多，推行异地高考后，会吸引更多外来人员子女在这些地方高考，将可能引发“高考移民”问题，两个问题混杂将更难解决。

Recruit students index barriers.Our country the college entrance examination enrollment quota distribution is uneven,Acceptance rates are huge,In general,The more the more economy more developed provinces of the floating population,After carrying out different college entrance examination,Will attract more foreign workers children in these places the university entrance exam,Will be a"College entrance examination immigration"The problem,Two hybrid will be more difficult to solve the problem.

　　教育资源壁垒。我国区域发展很不平衡，经济落后地区的教育资源配置水平、教育质量远落后于沿海和内陆大城市。很显然，西南山区的学子和北京优秀中学的学生所接受的教育就是不平等的，如果用同一套试卷同样的录取分数来竞争，对前者显然不公平。

Education resource barriers.China's regional development is not balanced,Economic backward areas of education resource allocation level/Quality of education is far behind the coastal and inland cities.It is clear that,Southwest mountain area of the outstanding students and Beijing middle school students accept the education is not equal,If you use the same set of test paper also admit a mark for the competition,To the former obviously unfair.

　　疑问一：浙江会不会出现大量“高考移民”？

A question:Zhejiang will appear a lot"College entrance examination immigration"?

　　关键语：“谁敢到浙江来高考？” “去中西部地区，还不如出国读书”

The key words:"Who dare to zhejiang college entrance examination?" "Go to the central and western regions,Not to study abroad"

　　北京上海广州已经竖起“免战牌”，最近几年外省籍学生想去参加高考，很难。

Beijing Shanghai guangzhou has perked up"MianZhanPai",In recent years by mainlanders students want to go to the college entrance examination,It is difficult to.

　　至于浙江，“谁敢到浙江来高考？”

As for the zhejiang,"Who dare to zhejiang college entrance examination?"

　　华东师范大学招生办主任周鸿，开了个玩笑，“他是跟自己过不去。”

The dean of admissions at east China normal university ZhouHong,A joke,"He is with your own."

　　在这位招生官眼中，浙江教育资源好，但高考竞争太激烈。如果他是内地家长，孩子在浙江读到中学，最后肯定回老家高考。“在浙江他也许只能考二本，回老家说不定上一本没压力。”

In the admissions officer,Zhejiang education resources,But the university entrance exam is too competitive.If he is the mainland parents,Children in zhejiang read middle school,The last must be back to the college entrance examination."In zhejiang he may only 2 test,Home maybe in a no pressure."

　　周鸿觉得最有可能的“高考移民”是去西部地区，那里历来被称为“教育洼地”，基础教育质量和沿海地区有差距，但国家要求高校在招生时对西部地区有倾斜政策，一年年累积下来，高校投放在西部地区的招生计划并不少，所以，基础教育好的地区，学生如果到那边参加高考，上一本的概率就大大增加了。

ZhouHong think most likely"College entrance examination immigration"Is to go to the western region,There has always been called"Education depression",Basic education quality and the coastal areas have the gap,But the state requirements at the time of enrollment in colleges and universities in the western region have preferential policy,Year accumulate,Colleges and universities in the western area of the recruitment plan and a lot of,so,Basic education good area,If students to the other side to attend the university entrance exam,On the probability of a book is greatly increased.

　　但中西部地区出台的异地高考方案，对此显然进行了预防。周鸿分析，浙江考生，在高考之外，越来越倾向于选择出国读书，当中西部“高考移民”的应该不多。

But the central and western regions of different college entrance examination,This obviously the prevention.ZhouHong analysis,Zhejiang examinee,Outside of the university entrance exam,More and more tend to choose to study abroad,In the west"College entrance examination immigration"Should not.

　　在钱报家长会网络群上，浙江家长回应异地高考方案的意见比较一致：允许异地高考后，宁可想方设法去门槛超高的北京和上海，也不去宁夏等分数虽低但“教育质量一般般”的省市。

In the money for parents on network group,Zhejiang parents respond to different scheme of the university entrance exam is agree:Allow different after the college entrance examination,Rather than trying to go to the threshold of ultra-high Beijing and Shanghai,Don't go to score is low but in ningxia, etc"Education quality in general"The provinces and cities.

　　杭州风帆中学初三家长菲妈对异地高考这样期待：“我更愿意送孩子去北京。去宁夏等中西部地区，虽然考浙江大学貌似比在杭州考容易，但孩子在当地初、高中读满6年，家长也在当地工作满6年，我办不到。江浙一带家长，怎么可能放弃东部沿海的工作呢？人往高处走，水往低处流，作为母亲，我不会让孩子到那里度过教育阶段最关键的6年。”

Hangzhou sails high school grade three parents was mom to other college entrance examination so looking forward to it:"I prefer to send their children to go to Beijing.To ningxia, etc. In the Midwest,Although the test seems easier than test in hangzhou, zhejiang university,But at the beginning of the local children/High school 6 years,Parents also in local work is full in 6 years,I can't.Zhejiang area parents,How can give up the work of the eastern coastal?Man struggles upwards,Water flows downwards,As a mother,I won't let the child to spend education phase of the most critical in 6 years."

　　疑问二：高校招生人数，马上就会有变化吗？

Question 2:College recruit students number,Soon there will be changes?

　　关键语：“3年内，各高校招生计划不会有调整”

The key words:"Within three years,Plan of each college recruit students there will not be adjusted"

　　浙江某高校一不愿透露姓名的招生官说，目前高校在各省的招生计划分配，有几种方式：一类是部属院校，由高校提出教育部批准；一类是省属院校，由省教育厅做一个总的招生计划，教育部通过后再在省内高校分配。

Zhejiang university is a not to be named said the admissions,In colleges and universities in province distribution of enrollment plan,There are several ways:One kind is subordinate colleges and universities,Put forward by the ministry of education for approval;One kind is provincial colleges and universities,By the guangdong provincial do a total enrollment plan,After the ministry of education through the distribution of colleges and universities in the province.

　　部属院校绝大多数是985和211高校，属于考生特别关注的优质教育资源。异地高考各地方案出台后，教育部曾说，根据各地高考报名人数变化，将相应调整高校招生计划数来确保各地平衡。未来，这种调整将如何实现？

Subordinate colleges and universities is the vast majority of colleges and universities in 985 and 211,Belong to the examinee special attention to the quality education resources.Different places around the university entrance exam to come after,The ministry of education said,According to all the college entrance examination enrollment is change,College enrollment plan will be adjusted accordingly to ensure that all balance.In the future,This adjustment will be how to achieve?

　　“高校招生对某个省份的录取人数，有一部分是历史原因决定的，原来招多少，近年不可能有大量削减或增加，还有一部分则是根据这个省的生源情况，考生多的地方，招的也多一点，再有一部分决定因素是高校对这个地区生源质量的认定，大学总在寻找适合自己培养目标的人才，这关系到高校的长远发展。”他举了一个例子，浙江学生喜欢学医，但有些地方学生可能不喜欢，所以全国的医学类院校就愿意在浙江多招些学生。

"College recruit students number of admission to a province,Has a part is historical reasons,How much was called,Cannot have a slash or increase in recent years,And part of it is according to the province's students,The examinee more places,Recruit and a little more,Another part of the decision factors is on the quality of students in this area,University is always looking for suitable for their training objectives,This is related to the long-term development of colleges and universities."He cited an example,Zhejiang students like to study medicine,But in some places, the students may not like,So the national medical colleges and universities is willing to recruit more students in zhejiang province.

　　“教育部对高校的招生计划，会提供指导性意见。比如近几年，引导高校多到中西部招生，只要仔细观察，可以看到任何一个大学，在中西部招生最近都在逐年增加。”

"The ministry of education of colleges and universities enrollment plan,Will provide guidance and advice.Such as in recent years,Guide college admissions to the Midwest,As long as careful observation,Can see any university,In the Midwest of recruit students are increasing year by year recently."

　　周鸿分析，近3年内，各高校的招生计划不会有调整。“异地高考人数和本地户籍人数比例，至少这两年不会有大变化，要变也是三年后。”

ZhouHong analysis,Nearly three years,The enrollment plan there will be no adjustment of various colleges and universities."Different number of the college entrance examination and this locality census register population proportion,At least two years there will be no big change,Want to change, is three years later."

　　疑问三：浙江小学初中高中，学生人数会增加吗？

Question 3:Zhejiang primary school junior high school,The number of students will increase?

　　关键语：“将会明显增长，高考竞争更加激烈”

The key words:"Will increase obviously,More intense competition in the college entrance examination"

　　目前我省高中在读的外省籍学生仅有1000多人，在所有100多万外省籍学生中，高中学生的数字还是一个很小比例。异地高考政策施行后，外省籍学生入读浙江省内小学初中高中，将出现明显增长。在一次关于异地高考的调研中，近半外省籍学生表达了高考政策允许下入读省内高中的愿望。

At present our province high school reading of mainlanders students only more than 1000 people,In all more than 100 students mainlanders,The number of high school students is still a small proportion.Different college entrance examination after the enforcement of the policy,Mainlanders students into reading primary school junior high school in zhejiang province,Will appear obvious growth.In a survey about other college entrance examination,Nearly half mainlanders students expressed the university entrance exam policy allows down to read high school in the province.

　　“浙江教育质量比较好，可能有一种情况，学生在浙江读完高二回去，一年的时间足够他适应当地的考纲，考一个比较好的学校。”调查称。

"Zhejiang education quality is better,There may be a situation,Students read in zhejiang - back,A year of time to adapt to the local he got enough,In a better school."Survey said.

　　陈成是杭州风帆中学一名普通老师，教初一。该校华丰校区招收的学生，很多是外来务工人员子女，来自山西、河南、安徽、四川等地。“像我教的几个班里，来自外省的学生，每班估计有近10个。”

C. is hangzhou sail an ordinary middle school teacher,Teach the new moon.Huafeng campus recruiting students,Many are children of migrant workers,From shanxi/henan/anhui/Sichuan, etc."As I teach a few class,From another student,With an estimated nearly 10."

　　陈老师告诉记者，“依我个人观察，他们今后多数会选择留在浙江升学、高考。很多人说浙江高考难，但他们的算盘不会打得那么精。对他们来说，将来能留在浙江高考就觉得很幸运了，毕竟家长在这里工作，很多孩子是在这里出生的。”

Chen told reporters,"In my personal observation,They most will choose to stay in zhejiang entrance in the future/The university entrance exam.Many people say that zhejiang college entrance examination,But they wouldn't play's so fine.For them,Will stay in zhejiang college entrance examination will feel very lucky,After all, parents work here,Many children are born here."

　　陈老师分析，按学校的外地学生留下来参加高考的比例，未来杭州中小学人数会增加，但不会剧增，也不会让每个班级人数爆棚到拥挤的程度。

Chen analysis,According to the proportion of the foreign students to stay in the university entrance exam,Hangzhou number of primary and secondary schools will be increased in the future,But will not increase,Will not let the extent of the number of each class wall wart to crowded.

　　异地高考政策出台，陈老师有一点担心本地学生，“如果高考录取名额没有增加，参加高考的人多了，竞争肯定更加激烈。”他说，“但是我仍然赞成这一政策，可以解决城乡二元结构长期以来对农村人的不公平外出打工的多是农民。”陈老师的孩子，今年念小学二年级。他坦言：“我不会排斥外省人和我的孩子站在一个起跑线上。”

Foreign policy of the college entrance examination,Mr. Chen is a little worry about local students,"If admitted to the university entrance exam places did not increase,Who took part in the college entrance examination,Must be more competitive."He said,"But I still agree with the policy,Can solve the urban and rural dual structure for a long time the more unfair migrant of rural people are farmers."Chen child,Read primary school grade two this year.He said:"I won't reject mainlanders and my children standing in a starting line."

　　异地高考怎样才能不稀释流入地教育资源、不挤占流入地学生的利益？

Different how can the university entrance exam is not diluted defined the education resources/Don't occupy defined the interests of the students?

　　最理想的结果是，政府部门增加教育投入，形成多元化办学格局，谁家的孩子都可以在这个地方找到属于自己的书桌，而不是拿现有的这块蛋糕分给所有人。所以落实异地高考方案，艰难之处在于政策出台后，教育资源如何布局、整合、优化等问题。

Is the ideal result,Government departments to increase education investment,Form diversified pattern of running school,Whose children were can be found in the place of his own desk,Rather than take the existing the cake among all the people all the time.So carry out different college entrance examination,After hard in policy,Education resources how to layout/The integration of/Optimization problems such as.