像中科大这样有自信的高校在全国并不多，多数普通高校对评估很紧张，对专家很奉承……

Like ZhongKeDa so confident in the university is not much,Most ordinary university for the evaluation of very nervous,For expert very flattering……

朱清时： Zhu qingshi:

　　一般的学校它没有这个底气，因为本科教学评估太重要了，它们不能承受评到个“差”。评个“差”以后，上级对你印象不好，影响校领导的官运；社会对你印象不好，影响你的招生；也影响你的经费来源。于是就找捷径，想把教育部要的这些指标都达到。本来这些指标是要在教学实际中提升达到的，但是很多学校发现这样做太困难。那么他最简单的做法就是让专家高兴，让专家给你打高分。这样，专家打高分，变得不一定意味着你本身教学好。越评到后来，有的学校越认为，我们不需要做得好，只要专家印象好给打高分就行。

The general school it don't have the bottom spirit,Because of the undergraduate teaching evaluation is too important,They can't bear a evaluation"difference".Evaluation of a"difference"later,Superior to you bad impression,Influence of the school leader metamorphosis;Society to you bad impression,Affect your enrollment;Also affects your sources of funds.Then look for shortcuts,Want to put the ministry of education to these targets are reached.Originally these indicators is to in teaching practice to improve,But many schools find this to be too difficult.Then he the most simple way is to make the expert happy,Let the experts call you high scores.this,Experts to play high,Become not necessarily means that you are teaching well.The evaluation to the later,Some schools more think,We don't need to do well,As long as the good impression experts to play high score line.

　　于是他们都把公关和工作的重点都留在评估这四五天，地毯式轰炸地给专家留下好印象。教学评估就变味了，变成了泡沫化。所谓泡沫化，就是不要你有实在的东西，只要五彩缤纷。

So they are the focus of the public relations and work in evaluation of the four or five days,Carpet bombing experts to make a good impression.Teaching evaluation is to change,Into a frothy.The so-called frothy,Just don't you have something tangible,As long as the colorful.

南方周末： Southern weekend:

　　有学者认为这种状况正在伤害评估本身的公信力。这一两年，有70%以上的学校都在评估中得了优。

Some scholars think that this situation is damage assessment itself credibility.This one or two years,More than 70% of schools in the evaluation was optimal.

朱清时： Zhu qingshi:

　　现在的教学评估不可信，就在于结果的泡沫化，这种泡沫化重创了学术诚信。

Now the teaching evaluation not believable,Is that the results of frothy,This was a frothy academic integrity.

　　我知道很多高校的教学评估，动员各个院系的教授做假材料，让学生也参与。

I know a lot of college teaching evaluation,Mobilize all department professor do false material,Let students participate in.

　　这是最严重的问题。这些青年教师觉得你校长也是道貌岸然的，你们集体作弊，欺骗教育部，欺骗专家组。学生会觉得你们老师也在作弊，还让我们帮着你们作弊，那以后面对这些学生、老师，学校还有什么道德力量去要求年轻人不作弊呢？

This is the most serious problem.These young teachers think you President is also the hypocritical,You cheat in collective,Deceive the ministry of education,Deceive group.Students think your teacher also cheating,Also let us help you cheating,Then in the face of these students/The teacher,The school what moral force to ask for young people don't cheat?

　　一个人的人格塑造是很缓慢的，但是把它摧毁却很容易。摧毁了之后，要重建，至少是一两代人以后了。

A person's personality shaping is very slow,But it is very easy to destroy.Destroyed after,To rebuild,At least a generation or two away.

　　教育部评估中心的副主任李志宏告诉我，高校的校长们有90%以上认为评估是好的。

The ministry of education evaluation center, deputy director of the LiZhiHong told me,The principals of more than 90% think evaluation is good.

朱清时： Zhu qingshi:

　　这个好不好，得到事后大家才可能说真话。现在大家都不得不说好话。我当了十年校长，最难受的经验就是我知道一些真话，如实说却会被指责。打个比方，我们都是坐在火车里的人，突然发现火车走错方向了，但是这个时候谁都不敢跳车。因为这个时候你要承担很大的风险。你跳车，即使安全着陆了，其他人也都不认你了，觉得你很不合群。因此大家都抱着从众心理，大家都错我也错，大家纠正我再纠正。这样做最安全。

This is good,After get you might say the truth.Now everybody have to say good things.When I was ten years the headmaster,The most uncomfortable experience is I know that some of the truth,Truthfully say will be accused.For example,We are all in the train of people,Suddenly found that the train go wrong direction,But this time who can't jump out of the vehicle.Because this time you have to take a lot of risks.You jump out of the vehicle,Even if a safe landing,Others don't recognize you,Think you very unsocial.So everyone holding group psychology,Everyone wrong I also wrong,You correct my correct again.Do the most safety.

　　其实很多校长，私下说话，包括对我说时，都觉得这样（评估）不行。但是很少有人愿意公开把它说出来。

Actually a lot of the principal,Talk privately,When including said to me,that(evaluation)no.But few people are willing to open to talk it out.

南方周末： Southern weekend:

　　所以校长们还得在这列火车上一路狂奔？

So the principal in this train run all the way?

朱清时： Zhu qingshi:

　　是这样的。校长们都要拼命争取评优。每个校长在他的任期内，受到潜规则的驱使，就是要把这类评估做好，才显得称职，显得有能力。如果你的学校本来不错，结果评得比较糟，大家会觉得你这个校长很没有能力。反过来，如果你的学校本来不大好，结果评得很好，大家会觉得你这个校长很有能力。所有人放在这个位子上，都会承受这种集体潜意识的压力。我也是这样，也经常受到潜意识的压力。

Is such.The headmaster will try very hard to fight for recommendation.Every President in his tenure,Driven by the latent rules,Is to take this kind of evaluation well,To appear competent,Appears has the ability to.If your school was good,Results evaluation more worse,Everyone will think you the President is no ability.In turn,If your school was not good,Results evaluation is very good,Everyone will think you the headmaster very capable.All the people in this seat,Can withstand the pressure of the collective unconscious.I also am such,Are often influenced by unconscious pressure.

南方周末： Southern weekend:

　　我记得你曾说过，“与民休息三年，三年不评估，三年没有会”。

I remember you said,"And people rest for three years,Three years don't evaluation,Three years will not".

朱清时： Zhu qingshi:

　　这种感受在“非典”期间很强烈。那半年没有任何会，没有评估，大家安安心心做学问。

This feeling in"SARS"Period is very strong.The half a year without any will,No assessment,Everyone in peace scholar xinxin.

　　做校长十年，我为科大作的最大的贡献，就是让科大免除了这些年的不少大折腾。比如科大没有大规 模 扩 招 ，1998年 每 年 招1300，2001年招1800，一直保持到现在。

Do the principal ten years,I made the biggest contribution to the university,Is to make the university from all these years of many big flounder.Such as university no big gauge die enlarge recruit ,1998 every year for 1300,2001 for 1800,Keep until now.

南方周末： Southern weekend:

　　很少有大学能经得住扩招的诱惑。

There are few university can stand the temptation of enrollment.

朱清时： Zhu qingshi:

　　我们也没有建新园区，这个也受到很大的压力。当初地方要建大学城，首先就希望科大先带个头。我当初的思想就是不能让学校折腾。坚决顶住，不建新园区。不扩招，我们的地就够了。教师们就可以在这个环境下安安静静地工作和生活，这就是中科大的教学和科研最近这几年一下子在国内显得比较突出的原因。

We have a new park,This also is a lot of pressure.First place to build university town,First of all hope to hkust first set the trend.I had thought is can't let the school flounder.Resolutely resist,Not a new park.No enrollment,Our land is enough.Teachers can in this environment quietly work and life,This is ZhongKeDa teaching and scientific research in recent years in China is a more outstanding reasons.

　　我们学校很惭愧就是地不够，没有盖很多高档住宅。像我这样的院士，房子都是107平米。但是这个环境好啊，很安静，能做学问。优秀的人才还是不断地来。所以这十年来，我对科大主要的贡献，不是做了什么，而是没有做什么。

Our school is not enough to feel ashamed,No cover a lot of high-grade residence.Be like me so of academician,The house is 107 square meters.But the environment well,Very quiet,Scholar can.Excellent talents or keep coming.So this ten years,I to hkust main contribution,Not do,But didn't do??????.

评估应该停下来 Assessment should be stopped

南方周末： Southern weekend:

　　现在的教学评估制度，哪些是需要改进的？高等教育的质量到底该如何保障？

Now teaching evaluation system,What need to be improved?The quality of higher education on how to guarantee?

朱清时： Zhu qingshi:

　　一个学校办得好坏，不是靠上级组织的评估评出来的。世界上最好的大学，它是靠社会上的影响，由社会评估的。比如就业的状况，对社会的贡献，等等，这些是最真实的评估。中科大建校58年以来，每1000个毕业的本科生中就有一个当选了中科院或工程院院士。不管你怎么评估，这个数字已说明我们的本科教学是好的。

The quality of a school to do,Not by the superior organization assessment review out.The world's best university,It is by the influence of the society,The social assessment.Such as the employment situation,To contribute to the society,etc,These are the most real evaluation.ZhongKeDa school since,Every 1000 graduate students in an elected or academician of Chinese academy of sciences.No matter how you evaluation,The digital explained our undergraduate teaching is good.

　　现在本科教学评估带着强烈的行政主导的特征。评价各种不同类型的大学，竟然用相同的标准，这是非常不对的。

Now undergraduate teaching evaluation with strong administrative leading characteristics.Evaluation of different types of university,Should use the same standard,This is very wrong.

南方周末： Southern weekend:

　　教育部评估中心副主任李志宏也认为评估标准会在下一轮作些改革。

The ministry of education evaluation center, deputy director of the LiZhiHong also think evaluation criteria will be in the next rotation some reform.

朱清时： Zhu qingshi:

　　他要改的话，就是要停掉行政主导的教学评估，以社会评价和同业评价为评估的依据。

He will make it,Is to stop administrative leading teaching evaluation,With the social evaluation and the evaluation to assess basis.

　　教育部应减少专家进校，坚持对高校的就业率、师生比、专业设置、教学大纲等常态数据进行监控，这才是保障高等教育质量的好方法。这就像我们去看一个森林的生态好不好，最好不要进去，站在外面看，一进去你就可能破坏了它的生态。目前我国大学的专业设置和办学方向严重趋同化！这才是教育部应大力评估、着力解决的问题。

The ministry of education should reduce experts to school,Insist on the employment rate of university/ShiShengBi/Professional Settings/Teaching syllabus and normal data monitoring,This is the higher education quality guarantee the good method.It's like we go to see a forest ecological is good,Had better not go in,Stand on the outside looking,Entered you may damage the ecological.At present our country university professional Settings and school direction serious duplication!This is the ministry of education should be to evaluation/To solve the problem.

南方周末： Southern weekend:

　　但有观点认为，没有严格的评估不行，特别是在扩招降低了高校教学质量后。

But with a view,No strict assessment no,Especially in the enrollment reduces the college teaching quality after.

朱清时： Zhu qingshi:

　　我不赞同这样的说法。评估要起好作用，必须要有个基础，这个基础达到了，评估就可以促进你。像我们学校，遇到评估就是用原生态的办法。这样的评估起了好作用，我们学校也高兴专家发现问题，改进它。但是你用同样的标准去要求一个完全没有基础的学校，你就可能逼着他们造假。

I don't agree with the statement.To evaluate the good effect,There must be a foundation,This foundation reached,Evaluation can promote you.Like our school,Meet evaluation is to use original way.This assessment plays a good role,Our school is happy to experts found that the problem,Improve it.But you use the same standard to request a completely without foundation school,You may force them to fraud.

　　举个跑马拉松的例子，规定一个时间跑完算及格。如果是对马拉松运动员，这样做可能提高他的成绩。如果用于没有基础的人，他拼命去跑也不可能在规定的时间内跑完，但是又不能承受不及格。怎么办？只有造假，服用兴奋剂，否则就倒在路上！

Give an example of run a marathon,To specify a time run is to pass the exam.If is a marathon runner,Doing so may improve his grades.If for no man of foundation,He tried desperately to run can't within the time prescribed by the run,But I can't afford not to pass the exam.do?Only cheating,doping,Otherwise it down on the road!

南方周末： Southern weekend:

　　你这个比喻很生动……

You this parable is very vivid……

朱清时： Zhu qingshi:

　　我觉得教育部对这个评估出的问题反应太迟钝了，出了这么多问题了，还不赶快停。我们的错误纠正机制很不灵敏，在任何健康的地方，一旦出了这么多问题之后，都应该迅速发现，立即纠正。

I think that the ministry of education for the assessment of the problem is too slow the,Out of so many questions,Is not to stop.Our error correction mechanism is not sensitive,In any place of health,Once out of so many questions later,Should be found quickly,Immediately correct.

　　现在应该总结的是，初衷是好的，但是这个指标只适合不多的学校和少数类型的学校。也许中科大适合这样的指标，还有像北大、清华、复旦这样的学校也有这样的基础。

It is summarized,Original intention is good,But the index is suitable only for few schools and a few types of school.Maybe ZhongKeDa suitable for such indicators,And like Peking University/tsinghua/Fudan such schools have so of the foundation.

　　对于条件相差比较远的或类型完全不同的学校，赶快停止这样的评审，否则会把这些学校给摧残了。这个摧残不是物理上的摧残，而是指学术道德被摧残了，造成一些长远的硬伤。还有是把这些学校迅速推向泡沫化。

For conditions differ far or type completely different schools,To stop such a review,Otherwise you will put these schools destroyed.This is not by physical abuse,But the academic morality was destroyed,Cause some long-term mechanical damage.And the school is rapidly to the frothy.

　　最好的做法就是赶快停下来。如果我们举办运动会，发现有人有组织地服用兴奋剂造假，这些人中有的已经得了奖牌，有的将要得，那么我们应做的是马上把运动会停下来，查清楚再说。想提高教育质量，最应该做的是让这些学校休养生息。一定要让老师坐下来安静地看书，想问题。如果老师坐不下来，没有时间看书想问题，那你所有东西都是虚的。

The best thing to do is to stop.If we are to hold the sports meet,Find someone systematically doping fraud,Some of these have a medal,Some will have to,So we should do is to immediately stop the games,Check again.Want to improve education quality,The most should do is to make these school rehabilitate.Must let the teacher sat down quietly reading a book,Want to question.If the teacher could not sit down,Have no time to read a book want to question,That you all things are virtual.