《中国经济周刊》 记者 张璐晶北京报道

[China economic weekly] Reporter ZhangLuJing reports from Beijing

　　“大限将至”，备受公众和学生家长关注的京沪粤异地高考方案到底何去何从？几个月来，每逢周四，在北京西单大木仓胡同教育部信访办偏僻的小院里，因为异地高考，“京籍家长”和“非京籍家长”激烈地表达着各自的观点。

"Time to",The public and the parents of the students focus on the beijing-shanghai guangdong college entrance examination scheme different exactly what course to follow?A few months,Every Thursday,In Beijing xidan big wooden bin hutong ministry of education letter is visited do remote small yard,Because different college entrance examination,"Beijing by parents"and"Not by the parents"Fierce to express their point of view.

　　互联网上，京籍人士将支持开放异地高考的家长称之为“异闹”，并明确表示，北京包括教育资源在内的公共资源本来十分充裕，正是因为不断涌入的外地人口，严重影响了本地居民的正当权益，而开放异地高考则会使情况更加糟糕。

The Internet,Beijing nationals will support open different parents called the college entrance examination"Different surface",And made it clear that,Beijing including education resources, public resources was very abundant,It is for pouring into the foreign population,Serious impact on the local residents' legitimate rights,Open different college entrance examination will make the situation worse.

　　“非京籍家长”则认为，北京的发展离不开外地人口的贡献，异地高考集中体现了这座城市对自己的歧视。在教育公平的大前提下，自己的孩子不能因为户口而丧失更好的升学机会。

"Not by the parents"Argues that,Beijing's development is inseparable from the contribution of foreign population,Different college entrance examination reflects the city to their discrimination.In the premise of education fairness,Their children can't because of the account and the loss of the opportunity to study better.

　　“一纸户口能限制购房、限制摇号买车，这些我们都可以接受，但是关系到自己孩子的前途命运，我们就不能这样等着！”教育部信访办门口，一位拿着请愿书的家长说。

"A paper account limit to purchase/Limit wave number to buy a car,These we can accept,But in relation to their children's future and destiny,We can't wait!"The ministry of education at the door of the letter is visited do,A petition with the parents say.

　　近日，《中国经济周刊》采访了北京两个“家有考生”的不同户籍家庭，了解异地高考对他们的改变。

recently,[China economic weekly]Interviews with Beijing two"Home has the"Different census register family,To understand the change of different college entrance examination to them.

京籍家长：“异地高考将带给我们空前的压力” Beijing by parents:"Different college entrance examination will bring us unprecedented pressure"

　　找到王波是在“2013高考论坛”。他在论坛上发表了一个“我想和‘异闹’心平气和谈谈”的帖子，跟帖无数。

Find WangBo is in"2013 college entrance examination BBS".He in the BBS published a"I'd like to‘Different surface’Calm about"post,Gentie countless.

　　王波告诉《中国经济周刊》，教育部信访办门口的请愿活动自己也参加过几次，但后来不再去了，因为那里“想表现自己或者出于各种目的想出名的人太多，有律师、社会活动家，还有‘奇装异服’的小青年”，何况，2013年高考报名还是不允许“非京籍考生”报考，至少自己儿子考试的时候少了不少潜在的竞争对手。

WangBo tell[China economic weekly],The ministry of education at the entrance of the gate of his petition letter is visited do activities participated in several times,But then no longer went to,Because there"Want to show yourself or from various aim is to famous people too much,lawyers/Social activists,and‘Bizarre dress’The young man",How much more,In 2013 the university entrance exam is not allowed"Not by the candidates"Enter oneself for an examination,At least his son test less a lot of potential rivals.

　　王波坦言，异地高考给自己家庭带来的是压力。作为一名土生土长的北京人，他按部就班地上学、毕业、工作、结婚、生子，在孩子上学前，他还没有太多顾虑，但现在他无时无刻不感到压力，时常有种喘不过气的感觉。“人口太多，在北京生活越来越多不便，如果异地高考的口子一开，带来的压力将是空前的。”

WangBo said,Different college entrance examination to his family brings pressure.As a native of Beijing,He go to school step by step/graduation/work/married/son,In the children before they go to school,He doesn't have too much worry,But now he never fails to feel the pressure,Often have a breath."population,Living in Beijing more and more inconvenience,If a different college entrance examination cut open,Bring pressure will be unprecedented."

　　具体到教育层面，当外地孩子还只是面对中考和高考压力的时候，北京的孩子面对的是入托压力、幼升小压力、小升初压力，中考和高考相对来说已经是重压后的缓冲了。这些压力，对家长而言，就是能力、时间和财力。对孩子而言，就是耐力和体力。

Specific to the education level,When foreign children is only in the face of the tests and the university entrance exam pressure,Beijing children with nursery pressure/Young up small pressure/Another pressure,Tests and the university entrance exam is relatively after pressure of the buffer.The pressure,For some parents,That power/Time and money.As for a child,Is the stamina and physical strength.

　　“异地高考牵一发动全身，现有教育资源已不能满足现有人口的需求。我们的孩子上小学要考试，所以从幼儿园就开始学英语，学奥数、学围棋、学跳舞。进初中更是拼爹，拼孩子的毅力。除了交钱，还要看孩子有什么证书。有需求，就有市场，随之而来的是民间办学机构如雨后春笋般地涌现，教师到处走穴。据我所知，小学生大部分都在上课外班，甚至个别孩子仅奥数班每周就报了4~5个，孩子家长更是生活在疲于奔命之中。”

"Different college entrance examination lead a launch the whole body,The existing education resources can not meet the needs of the current population.Our children in elementary school to test,So from kindergarten began to learn English,Learn aoshu/Learn go/Learn how to dance.In junior high school is spell dad,Spell the child's perseverance.In addition to make money,Also see child have any certificate.demand,There is market,Along with the private education institution have sprung up,All teachers money imparting knowledge to.As far as I know,Most of the students are in the outside class,Some children even only Olympic math class every week for the 4 ~ 5,Parents also live in on the fly in."

　　王波说，自打儿子上小学起，他们夫妇就几乎没睡过一个懒觉，包括周末。因为儿子的英语较弱，从初中起，他就给儿子报了每周一、三、五晚自习后的“课外辅导”，周六日是奥数和航模的交叉进行。王波曾考虑过让孩子学一门艺术，比如钢琴、小提琴，但因为家庭经济条件所限，实在无力负担每小时几百元的课时费。

WangBo said,Ever since the son in elementary school,The couple is almost didn't sleep a lie-in,Including weekend.Because the son's English is weak,From junior middle school on,He called for the son every Monday/three/After the arching over five"Extracurricular counselling",Saturday's day is a mathematical olympiad and aeromodelling cross for.WangBoCeng considered let children learn an art,Such as the piano/violin,But because of the limit of the family economic conditions,Really cannot afford the hundreds of yuan per hour KeShiFei.

　　即便这样，王波计算了一下，妻子每月7000元左右的工资都花在了孩子上学上。

Even if such,A WangBo calculation,His wife $7000 a month or so spent money on their children to school.

　　日益枯竭的北京水资源、日益拥堵的交通、日益买不起的房子……在王波看来，北京再也承担不起人口“日益增多”了。

Increasingly exhausted water resources in Beijing/Increasing the traffic/Increasingly can't afford to buy a house……In WangBo seems,Beijing no longer can't afford to population"increasing"the.

　　王波说，之所以发帖子希望和“异闹”心平气和地谈谈，就是考虑到“非京籍家长”也分两类人：一种是自己都无法立足，却强拉硬拽地要孩子也待在北京；另一种是在北京工作了很久，盼望家庭团聚，盼望孩子可以在北京高考。

WangBo said,The hope and the post"Different surface"Calmly talk about,Is considering"Not by the parents"Also cent two kinds of people:One kind is himself can't have a foothold,But strong pull hard ye to children stay in Beijing;Another kind is working in Beijing for a long time,Hope family reunion,Looking forward to the child can be in Beijing college entrance examination.

　　王波表示，自己支持后者，只是担心政策推进得太快，变成“虎头蛇尾”或是“半吊子工程”。“异地高考的口子一开，恐怕很多人削尖了脑袋也要把孩子送到北京来学习，包括有钱的、有权的，结果恐怕就是真正在北京工作和生活的人的孩子没学上了！” 王波激动地说，“这不是试验品或是烂尾楼，这赌的是孩子的后半生、是一个家庭的希望！”

WangBo said,Myself to support the latter,Just worry about policy in too fast,into"anticlimactic"or"Lame engineering"."Different college entrance examination cut one open,I'm afraid many sharpening the head also want to put their children to Beijing to study,Including rich/Shall have the right to the,I'm afraid is the real work in Beijing and the life of the child does not learn the!" WangBo excitedly said,"This is not test product or rotten poop,The bet is the child's life/Is a family of hope!"

　　王波苦笑着说，儿子比自己想得开，曾公开反对自己去参加“请愿活动”，“没必要。”儿子告诉王波，北京近几年的高考录取率都在80%以上，10个人里有8个能上大学，自己肯定没问题。

WangBo says with a wry smile,Than their son get over it,Has publicly opposed to attend"Petition activities","No need to."Son told WangBo,Beijing in recent years in the college entrance examination the acceptance rate more than 80%,There are ten people eight to go to university,He would be no problem.

　　但王波追求的是让儿子不仅上大学，还要上好大学，上一本、上一本里的名校。对此，儿子更是不以为然，认为与其削尖脑袋进名校，不如选一个自己喜欢的专业。对于毕业后北京大学生依然面临就业压力的现状，儿子说自己不排除先去二线城市打拼几年的可能。

But WangBo pursuit is not only let the son go to college,Also into a good college,On a/On one of the school.this,Son is to disagree,Think and sharpening head into the school,As you like choose a professional.After graduating from college in Beijing is still faced with the present situation of the employment pressure,Son said he would not rule out first to second city played a few years of may.

非京籍家长：“面对女儿失望的神情，突然感觉自己很失败” Not by the parents:"In the face of the daughter disappointed look,Suddenly feel very failure"

　　找到陈恒是在QQ上的“北京随迁子女高考群”。这个群里，每天除了大量的发泄不满的信息外，更多的是有关异地高考的一切新的政策动态，其敏感度可比媒体。

ChenHeng is found in the QQ"Beijing SuiQian children of the college entrance examination".This group,Every day in addition to a large number of singling out the information,More is about all the different college entrance examination new policy dynamic,Its sensitivity comparable media.

　　2012年12月19日，非重庆籍外来务工人员随迁子女高考方案公布当天，就引发了群里的大讨论。有人称之为“直辖市的破冰之举”，有人赶紧将条件与自己比对打分说“看见了希望”，但也有很多人悲观地说：“现在的高考制度还不如古代的科举考试来得公平。”

December 19, 2012,The chongqing by migrant workers SuiQian children college entrance examination plan announced the day,It triggered a group discussion.Someone called"Municipalities directly under the central government for ice",Someone will hurry condition and their scores than said"Saw hope",But there are also many people says pessimistically:"Now the college entrance examination system than the ancient imperial examination was fair."

　　群里也不光是高三的家长和考生，一些高一、高二、初中孩子的家长也在群里交流经验。一位网名叫“柏拉图”的家长，孩子才一岁，他在群里说：“对我的孩子来说，高考还很远。但作为父亲，我希望通过我的推动，让孩子获得在北京高考的权利。”

The group also is not only high school parents and students,Some higher/high/Junior high school children's parents also in group communication experience.A net name"Plato"parents,The child is only one year old,He said in the group:"For children to me,College entrance examination is still a long way to.But as father,I hope that through my push,Let children get the rights of the college entrance examination in Beijing."

　　群管理员给记者介绍了一位“群里不爱发言但是大家都觉得他‘最吃亏’的陈先生”。

The group manager to reporter introduced a"Group does not love to speak but everyone think he‘The most hard’To Mr. Chen of the".

　　陈恒的“最吃亏”，缘于自己被非京籍家长公认的“最好的条件”：家庭收入高，拥有北京绿卡、有房、有车、有稳定工作，是非京籍家庭中在北京享受到的待遇最好的。但是，在孩子高考问题上，“绿卡不绿”。`

ChenHeng of"The most hard",Because he was not recognized by the parents"The best conditions":Family income high,Have Beijing green card/Has the room/car/Have a stable job,The family is an in Beijing enjoy the treatment of the best.but,The child on the college entrance examination,"Green card not green".`

　　今年48岁的陈恒，是美国留学生，回国后在家乡湖北工作，2000年被派到北京总部工作，妻子和当时6岁的女儿也一同到了北京。因为在外企工作，根据当时北京市的政策，陈恒很快便拥有了有“北京绿卡”之称的北京市(留学人员)工作居住证，女儿也顺利地在北京念了小学、初中，和京籍学生享受同等待遇。

This year, and ChenHeng,Is American students,After returning home in my hometown hubei work,In 2000, was sent to Beijing headquarters work,His wife and was 6 years old daughter also came to Beijing together.Because working at a foreign company,According to the policy of Beijing at that time,ChenHeng soon have a"Beijing green card"Said the Beijing(Students studying abroad)Work residence permit,Daughter also successfully read in Beijing primary school/Junior high school,And by the students enjoy equal treatment.

　　谈起女儿，陈恒脸上有抑制不住的骄傲。陈恒的女儿学习成绩一直不错，琴棋书画无所不能，并且很早就表现出了英语方面的天赋，北京外国语大学一直是小姑娘的目标。不过进入高二后，班主任老师的一次约谈改变了女儿的人生轨迹。老师提醒陈恒：因为没有北京户口，孩子无法在京参加高考，回家乡考试，教材和试卷都不一样，又要远离父母，所以建议孩子尽早转入学校的国际部，早早为出国做打算。

About daughter,ChenHeng face is irrepressible pride.ChenHeng daughter has always been good grades,Chess omnipotent,And very early showed a English talent,Beijing foreign studies university has been the goal of the little girl.But in the senior high school,The teacher in charge teacher questioning a change of his daughter's life path.The teacher reminded ChenHeng:Because there is no Beijing hukou,Children can't in Beijing to take part in the college entrance examination,Come back to my hometown to test,Materials and papers are not the same,And to stay away from their parents,So suggest children to school as soon as possible the international department,Early plan to go abroad.

　　但这和陈恒原来的设想完全不一样。“不是不舍得钱，而是希望孩子可以在中国接受本科教育后再出国。”陈恒说，让他更担心的是，国际部的风气不好，因为不需要户口，几乎任何人都可以报名，这些家境普遍优越的孩子在突然没了高考压力后变得互相攀比、甚至早恋。陈恒说，自己的女儿属于比较乖巧的孩子，刚刚转入国际部的时候，非常不适应，经常抹眼泪，一年多了，虽然情况逐渐好转，他们两口子也在尽力为她描述国外的美好学习生活，可在自己心里，不放心和担心的因素比女儿多得多。

But this and ChenHeng originally envisioned completely different."Don't make money,But hope children can accept education undergraduate course in China after go abroad."ChenHeng said,Let him worry more about,International department of the atmosphere is bad,Because it does not need to account,Almost anyone can sign up,The family circumstances common superior children in suddenly gone after the college entrance examination pressure become one-upmanship/Even early love.ChenHeng said,His daughter is clever children belong to,Just turn to the international department,Very does not adapt,Often wipe tears,For over a year,It is getting better,The couple are trying to describe foreign good for her study life,But in his heart,Don't trust and worry about factors more than the daughter.

　　2013年北京高考不允许非京籍生源报名，就连此前一直呼声很高的拥有“绿卡”的人也被挡在了门外，这让陈恒很失望。

The 2013 Beijing college entrance examination does not allow the Beijing by the students,Even with a high voice had been"Green card"People also blocked in the door,It makes ChenHeng disappointed.

　　知道消息的当天，他和妻子一夜无眠。面对女儿失望的神情，陈恒突然感觉自己很失败。但他仍对2014年的高考政策充满希望，毕竟马上北京就要出台异地高考的细则了，陈恒给自己打分，无论从哪个方面来说，他都认为女儿有参加北京2014年高考的资格，到那时候“是复读一年还是出国要看政策的变化”，陈恒说。女儿的想法和陈恒一样，如果后年可以在北京参加高考，她愿意复读一年。

Know the news,He and his wife have sleepless nights.In the face of the daughter disappointed look,ChenHeng suddenly feel failure.But he is still 2014 college entrance examination policy is full of hope,After all, Beijing will immediately on the different college entrance examination's rules,ChenHeng grade for yourself,No matter from which for the respect,He believed that daughter has to participate in the Beijing 2014 college entrance examination qualification,then"Is the answer read a year or go abroad to see the change of policy",ChenHeng said.Her daughter's ideas and ChenHeng as,If the second can be in Beijing to participate in college entrance examination,She would like to answer read a year.

　　对于那些“打击异闹”的言论，陈恒并不放在心里。他说，自己的日子过得挺明白，现在那些“北上广”反对异地高考的家长，其实都是既得利益的享有者，假设有一天自己的老家湖北变成分数低、高等教育资源丰富的地区，现在这些拼命反对异地高考的家长估计会第一时间变成异地高考的拥护者。

For those who"Blow a different"comments,ChenHeng is not in the heart.He said,His day pretty understand,Now the"North wide"Against different college entrance examination's parents,Actually all is vested interests of the beneficiaries,Assume that one day his hometown hubei into low score/Higher education resources abundant region,Now these dead against different college entrance examination's parents estimate is the first time into different advocates of the college entrance examination.

　　(文中人物皆为化名；本刊记者宋雪莲对本文亦有贡献)

(The characters are alias;This reporter SongXueLian to contribute this paper also)