专家：教育过度超前易致焦虑压抑，留下心理障碍 experts:Education overstepping the easy to cause anxiety depression,Leave psychological barriers

　　佛山早教机构调查 Foshan development organization investigation

　　记者走访佛山禅城区、顺德区和南海区部分早教机构发现，随着早期教育观念的普及，早教行业发展迅猛;然而，早教机构花样虽多实质作用不大、课程技术含量简单但收费高昂、教员未有相关证书、监管缺失等随之而来的市场乱象，也令家长忐忑不安。

Reporter visit foshan chancheng district/Shunde area and south part of the early institutions found,With the popularity of early education concept,The rapid development of the industry development;however,Development mechanism pattern is more substantial effect is not big/Course technology content simple but high fees/Teacher not relevant certificates/A lack of supervision and market the mess,Also make the parents in fear and trembling.

　　早教不是单纯地强调早期智力开发，更强调的是性格的培养

Early is not simply emphasizes that the early intelligence development,More emphasis is on the cultivation of personality

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　　关键词：低龄化 Key words:DiLingHua

　　家长教育焦虑，早教“越早越好” Parents education anxiety,early"The sooner, the better"

　　星期五的下午2点半，家住禅城名雅豪庭的新晋妈妈陈女士带着半岁不到的宝宝楠楠从家里出发，“宝宝要到世纪广场上3时15分的育乐课。”虽然只有5个月大，楠楠已经在一家早教中心上了近两个月的课。

Friday afternoon at half past two,Live in city name zen, hao court new jin mother ms. Chen with less than half years old baby nannan on from home,"The baby to century square 3 when 15 points of recreational class."Although only 5 months old,Nannan has been in a development center on the nearly two months of class.

　　“为什么那么早带孩子来早教?”对此，陈女士说，听早教机构说“越早越好”，又看到一个朋友带只有一个月的宝宝去早教，“不想落后”的她也报名了。

"Why so early to children early?"this,Ms Chen said,Listen to development agency said"The sooner, the better",And see a friend with only a month of the baby to development,"Don't want to lag behind"She also signed up.

　　“其实我也不知道早教有没有意义，但是别家的孩子都在上，我的孩子也不能落后，现在都说‘不能让孩子输在起跑线上’嘛。”陈女士道出不少妈妈的心声。

"Actually I also don't know early have meaning,But another child are at,My children would not fall behind,Now say‘Can't let children lose in the starting line’!."Ms. Chen say a lot of my mother's voice.

　　记者来到禅城区东建世纪广场与顺德区新一城的早教中心，同样得到“越早越好”的回答。一工作人员告诉记者，早教应该从胎教开始，怀孕三四个月就可以进行胎教，“我中心接收的最小宝宝只有17日，早教越早越好。”

The reporter comes to zen city east building century square and shunde new town development center,Also get"The sooner, the better"answer.A staff, told reporters,Development should start from prenatal education,Three to four months pregnant can be antenatal training,"I center receive minimum baby only 17,Tracing the sooner, the better."

　　被灌输早教“越早越好”想法的家长越来越多。记者在佛山多个早教中心发现，参加早教的孩子多为6月到2岁大，低龄化倾向加剧，有的宝宝兜着尿不湿，有的还被妈妈抱在怀里，嘴里还含着奶嘴。

Into early"The sooner, the better"Idea of parents more and more.Reporters found that more than in foshan development center,In the early children for 6 months to 2 years old,DiLingHua increased tendency,Some baby take the urine not wet,Some is mother's arms in her arms,His mouth still holds the nipple.

　　家长对早教的过度热衷导致早教孩子低龄化越来越严重，背后透露出家长对教育的焦虑。国内知名早教专家、武汉大学(微博)教授杨健接受记者电话采访时指出，早教有必要，但是现在的家长对早教有太多的误解。“如果教育过度超前，当孩子接受不了时，容易产生焦虑和压抑的情绪，反而可能会给今后的成长留有一些心理障碍。”

Parents to the early too early for children to DiLingHua more and more serious,Show parents behind to education anxiety.The well-known domestic development experts/Wuhan university(Micro bo)Professor YangJian accept reporter telephone interview pointed out,Development it is necessary to,But now the parents to early too many misunderstandings."If education excessive lead,When a child does not accept the,Easy to produce anxiety and depressive mood,It may give the future growth with some psychological disorder."

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　　关键词：昂贵 Key words:expensive

　　套个国际背景，年均收费超万元 A international background,Annual fee is over ten thousand yuan

　　“报一年的课程为11553元，共有96节课，一个星期两节课;宝宝不够半岁的话建议报两年的课程，可以便宜一点，2万多元。”南海区宝翠路一家早教中心工作人员告诉记者，他们的收费在同等早教机构中相对便宜一点，“我们一节课约120元，其他中心都在150元以上。”

"Report a year course for 11553 yuan,A total of 96 class,A week two classes;The baby is not enough for a half years old that if two years of course,Can be cheaper,20000 yuan."Nanhai treasure jade road development center a staff, told reporters,They charge the same institution in early relatively cheaper,"We are a class of about 120 yuan,Other center is in 150 yuan of above."

　　顺德区张妈妈给记者算了一笔账，她给宝宝报的是一年的课程，收费共166551元，同样一个星期两节课，一节课45分钟，一节课要173.44元，一分钟3.8元，“课堂的一些道具，宝宝喜欢玩就得自己买回家，那些道具一个都是几十元的。”记者在新一城的早教机构看到，一根有着鹦鹉头的挠痒木棒标价为25元，而市面一般的挠痒棍为5-10元。

Shunde a mother to reporter calculate a bill,She gave the baby is one year course,Charge a total of $166551,The same week two classes,A class 45 minutes,A lesson to 173.44 yuan,A minute 3.8 yuan,"The classroom some props,The baby likes to play will have to buy home,Those items are a few yuan's."Reporter in a new city development agencies to see,A root is the parrot head scratching itchy stick price for 25 yuan,And market general scratch a little stick for five to ten yuan.

　　记者走访发现，早教机构多数打有国际背景，一节课的平均收费均在150元以上。

Reporters found that visit,Most early institutions play a international background,A lesson is the average charges in 150 yuan of above.

　　问及收费为何如此之高，有机构称中心引进欧美或者澳洲教学模式，完全跟上国外的早教中心脚步，并宣称课程、教学环境和硬件配套都全球接轨，用“进口教具”，有“外籍教师”;有些机构还打出“意大利蒙台梭利教育法”、“杜曼早教”、“德国卡尔·奥尔夫音乐教育法”等理论为基础，大打国际教育牌，让一些家长觉得物超所值。

Asked why charge so high,Have agency says center introduction of Europe and America or Australia teaching mode,Completely keep up with the pace of foreign development center,And announced that course/The teaching environment and hardware supporting all global standards,with"Import aid",have"Foreign teachers";Some agencies also hit"Italian montessori education"/"DuMan early"/"Germany Karl orff music education"Based on the theory of etc,Big play international education brand,Let some parents think is worth.

　　在一家号称美国背景的早教中心，正在参加早教的家长向记者透露，她与宝宝参加早教半年都没有见过外籍教师。中心工作人员号称授课老师有英语专业八级证书，可当记者表示想看一下老师的证书时，工作人员却说不方便。当记者问及宣传单张上的外籍教师资料时，位于同济广场的早教培训机构员工显得慌张，并称“他们只是我们机构国外的教师，与我们中心有比较深的关系，但不是我们这个中心的老师。”

In a so-called American background development center,Taking part in early childhood parents said to reporters,She and the baby early in half a year are not seen foreign teachers.Center staff as the instructor has the English specialized eight levels of certificates,But when reporters want to see the teacher's certificate,Staff said not convenient.When a reporter asked about leaflet on the foreign teachers data,Located in tongji square early education training institutions staff appear flustered,said"They are just our agency foreign teachers,With our center has deeper relationship,But not the center of the teacher."

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　　关键词：异变 Key words:variation

　　早教机构成“培训机构”“托儿所” Development mechanism into"Training institutions""nursery"

　　记者发现，不少早教中心给满22个月的宝宝设有“数学课”、“英语课”、“艺术课”，甚至“实验课”。走进早教中心，除了丰富多样的课室颜色外，有些课程设置仿效幼儿园或兴趣班培训机构。

Reporter discovery,Many development center to full 22 months baby has"math"/"English class"/"Art classes",even"experiment".Into development center,In addition to the variety of classroom color outside,Some courses follow kindergarten or interest training institutions.

　　一家号称有13年早教经验的早教中心工作人员告诉记者，他们中心的宝宝从20个月大就开始学习英文字母与单词，能够很快适应幼儿园生活，“我们的实验课上有浮力实验，有重力实验，让小宝宝们从小就接触。”

A claims to have 13 years experience of early development center staff, told reporters,They center from twenty months baby begin learning English letters and words,Able to be quickly adapted to the kindergarten life,"Our experiment on a buoyancy experiment,A gravity experimental,Let the baby grew up contact."

　　一边是过深的课堂内容，一边却是简单的玩乐。记者跟随17个月大的乐乐参加了每家早教中心必有的“育乐”课。课堂上，教师主要是鼓励孩子与父母参与游戏，让宝宝触摸各种玩具、攀爬小坡度滑梯、做运动，技术含量并不高。45分钟内，教师也就只是在一旁指导家长如何去做。

One is the deep class content,While it is simple to play.Reporter with 17 months big lele took part in every development center will be some"recreational"class.class,The teacher mainly is to encourage children and parents to participate in the game,Let the baby touch all kinds of toys/Climb a small slope slide/Do sports,Technical content is not high.45 minutes,The teacher also just on one side guide parents how to do.

　　早教机构要求父母与宝宝一起参加课程，然而，记者在机构看到，陪着宝宝玩耍的不少是爷爷奶奶辈，“没办法，孩子爸爸妈妈要正常上班，所以就让老人家来看管。”甚至有家长直接把孩子交给早教中心，早教、托管一起上。

Development mechanism for parents and baby together to attend classes,however,Reporter in the institutions to see,With the baby play many is grandparents generation,"Can't,The child mom and dad to go to work normally,So let's going to look after the old man."There is even parents direct child development center,early/Managed together.

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　　关键词：监管 Key words:supervision

　　早教尚属监管空白地带 It is early of regulatory gap

　　“现在的早教机构发展良莠不齐，有些引入国外的概念和做法，让小朋友在玩乐中结交朋友，还算比较正规。但有些只是提供一些简单玩乐场所，有些开设数学、实验等课程，这些做法都说明对早教存在误解。”杨健指出，早教的乱象背后是没有相对应的监督管理部门来监管，对早教机构缺乏引导。

"Now early education institution development the good and bad are intermingled,Some of the foreign concept and practice,Let children play in the make friends,Still calculate is normal.But some just provide some simple fun place,Some set up mathematics/The experiment courses,These practices are to misunderstanding that early."YangJian pointed out that,The early mess behind is no corresponding supervision and management departments to supervision,Lack of guidance for development institutions.

　　记者查阅发现，中国现有教育体系中，3～6岁孩子的教育为学前教育，有专门的行政部门在管理，有相应的《学前教育管理办法》等条文法规提供保障。0～3岁婴幼儿的早期教育，则既不属于学历教育，也不属于学前教育，处于监管空白地带。有早教机构坦言，他们的教师没有教师资格证，也不是教育相关的专业，“早教行业没有证书很正常。”

Reporters access to find,China's current education system,3 ~ 6 years old the child's education for preschool education,A special administrative department in the management,Have corresponding[Pre-school education management measures]Provisions of laws and regulations, such as to provide security.0 ~ 3 years old baby early education,It is not belong to the record of formal schooling education,Also don't belong to preschool education,In a regulatory gap.A development agency said,Their teacher does not have the qualification of teacher,Is not education related professional,"Early industry no certificate is normal."

　　专家把脉 Experts pulse

　　早期教育应强调孩子的社会化进程 Early education should emphasize the child's socialization process

　　早教有什么意义?是否已经沦为早期培训?如何面对当下乱象丛生的早教?杨健指出，当下的早教机构与家长要正确认识早教，让孩子在玩乐中形成健全人格，在与伙伴相处中变成社会人，“早期教育特别强调孩子的社会化进程。”国内知名早教专家、武汉大学教授杨健说。

What is the significance of early?Whether you have a early training?How to face the mess of cluster development?YangJian pointed out that,The development of institutions and parents to a correct understanding of development,Let the children play in the formation of healthy personality,Get along with partner become the social man,"Early education with particular emphasis on children's socialization process."The well-known domestic development experts/Wuhan university professor YangJian said.

　　“现在的社区都是高楼，家家户户关着门，容易出现‘儿童高楼综合征’，孩子看见陌生人就恐惧。”杨健说，小时候的伙伴十分重要，是社交能力训练必不可少的因素，所以早教必不可少。“0~3岁的早教从本质上说，就是把一个自然人培养成一个社会人。”

"Now the community is tall buildings,Families with the door closed,Prone to‘Children's building syndrome’,The child saw the stranger is fear."YangJian said,When I was a child partner is very important,Social skills training is an indispensable factor,So essential to development."0 ~ 3 years early education in essence,Is a natural culture into a social man."

　　但早教不是要让孩子记住多少个字或是掌握多少运算知识，如果教育过度超前，孩子容易产生焦虑和压抑的情绪，反而可能会给今后的成长留有一些心理障碍，拔苗助长。杨健指出，早教不是单纯地强调早期智力开发，更强调的是性格的培养。

But early not to let children remember how many words or master many operation knowledge,If education excessive lead,Children prone to anxiety and depressive mood,It may give the future growth with some psychological disorder,Haste makes waste.YangJian pointed out that,Early is not simply emphasizes that the early intelligence development,More emphasis is on the cultivation of personality.

　　杨健建议，早教中，越小的孩子越不要分科分班，越不应该从技能技巧上进行训练。

YangJian Suggestions,In early,The smaller the child more don't branch divide into classes,The more should not skills from the training.

　　“挺早”派 "Quite early"sent

　　1年内换5家早教机构 1 years in five development mechanism

　　“再穷也不能穷孩子”，这是常挂在李女士嘴边的一句话。她家宝宝今年才2岁零3个月，却几乎在全佛山知名早教机构都学习过。

"Then the poor cannot poor children",It was often hung in ms. Li the side of the mouth of a word.Her baby this year just 2 years and 3 months,But in almost all the famous foshan development agencies are studied.

　　李女士只是普通的工薪一族，每节课近200元的早教费用对他们这个家庭而言是负担，她却宁愿省吃俭用也坚持送孩子去早教。“孩子0-3岁是人生最宝贵的学习阶段，错过了一辈子都后悔啊!”她总是用这样的话鞭策自己和丈夫。于是，小宝宝刚满1岁就迈入了早教的圈子里，短短1年内，就连续换了5家早教机构。

Ms. Li just ordinary working gens,Each class of nearly 200 yuan development cost to their families is a burden,She would rather pinch and scrape also adhere to send their children to early."Children 0 to 3 years old is life's most valuable learning stage,Miss a lifetime regret ah!"She always use such words pushed himself and her husband.so,Baby just one year old is entering the world of development,Just one year,Is continuous in the five development mechanism.

　　她粗略给记者算了笔账：在过去一年，光花在早教机构的费用就超过2万元，还不包括自己购买的早教书籍、早教玩具等费用。

Her rough to reporter calculate bill:In the past year,Spent in early childhood agency costs more than 20000 yuan,Not including buying their own development of books/Early childhood toys and other fees.

　　反对派 The opposition

　　只要孩子快乐，笨点无妨 As long as the children happy,Stupid point just as well

　　作为企业老板，周先生并不差钱。三天两头就有早教机构打电话来推销，但他从未心动过。他骄傲地告诉记者，宝宝今年9月上幼儿园，没有进过任何教育机构，但一点不比其他孩子差。

As business owners,Mr Zhou is not bad money.Every two or three days there to promote development institutions make a phone call,But he never move over.He proudly told reporters,The baby September this year in kindergarten,Not yet come into any education institutions,But a little difference than other children.

　　“我是应试教育受害的一代。学了很多，但快乐很少，为什么还要延续这种伤害呢?”周先生说，他英语、钢琴、奥数都很好，但至今未见有用处，真正让他发家致富的还是靠自己翻滚摸索来的知识。

"I am examination education suffer generation.Learned a lot,But happy little,Why continue this kind of harm?"Mr Zhou said,His English/piano/Olympic math is very good,But has not seen useful,Really let him get rich or on their own and to grope for the knowledge.

　　中立派 independent

　　偶尔找机构，家长不缺席 Occasionally find institutions,Parents don't miss

　　在近20名受访者中，中立派者占了近五成。他们大多持“不反对不强求”的态度。“如果经济条件允许，一星期上1-2节早教课是锦上添花;如果经济条件差，家长当早教老师，也是不错的选择。”区女士的话代表了中立派的心声。

In the past twenty respondents in,The independent accounting for nearly fifty percent.Most of them are the"Don't mind not importune"attitude."If the economic conditions allow,A week on 1-2 day early lesson is icing on the cake;If economic conditions are poor,Parents when teacher development,Is also the good choice."Area lady what represents the independent heart.

　　记者留意到，一般父母关注早教的因素主要有两个：一是费用，二是早教机构的水平。值得一提的是，中立派以白领工薪阶层为主。从他们孩子的情况看，伶俐乖巧、调皮、安静、捣蛋的都有。

Reporter noticed,Most parents pay attention to the early there are two major factors:One is the cost,The second is the level of development agencies.Be worth what carry is,Independent working class is given priority to with white collar.From the view of their children,Clever clever/naughty/quiet/Monkey have.