“限招男性”、“男性优先”……这一过去司空见惯的招聘语言，今后将可能在招聘启事上消失。从去年开始，有越来越多的“秋菊”勇敢地站出来，以向劳动部门举报或向法院提起诉讼的方式，反对就业中长期存在的性别歧视问题。但她们能否得到自己讨要的说法？能否通过法律维护自己的权益？记者对此进行了调查采访。

"Limit for men"/"Male is preferred"...The past for common language,The future will be in the recruitment notice on disappear.Since last year,There are more and more"King whyte"Bravely step forward,To the labor department report or bring a lawsuit before a court way,Against the long-term employment related to gender discrimination.But they can get yourself for that?Can pass laws protect their own rights and interests?This reporter the interview survey.

事件一天内被48家用人单位拒绝 Events in one day and home by unit of choose and employ persons refuse

　　去年12月底，北京、广州、上海等8个城市的20多名女大学生，在同一时间向各地的人社局、工商局举报267家在智联招聘网站中发布性别歧视招聘信息的企业。由于智联招聘在大学生求职者中影响甚广，8个城市的女大学生还将这一中介平台向北京市朝阳区人社局进行了集体举报。

At the end of December last year,Beijing/guangzhou/Shanghai more than twenty eight cities of female college students,At the same time to all club bureau/Industrial and commercial bureau report 267 in zhaopin website by gender discrimination in the recruitment information of the enterprise.Because zhaopin in college students' job seekers in broad influence,Eight cities of female college students will also the intermediary platform to Beijing chaoyang district people club bureau report on the collective.

　　广州的女大学生郑楚然是举报活动的参与者之一。她告诉记者，她本人以及认识的很多女生在应聘技术、销售、管理等岗位时都遭遇过性别歧视。郑楚然一人就收集了28家用人单位在招聘上涉嫌性别歧视的证据。而另一位兰州女大学生李橙更无奈，她在“智联招聘”网站上投简历应聘，一天时间内被48家用人单位拒绝，原因都是该岗位不招女性。

Guangzhou ZhengChuRan female college students is one of the participants report.She told reporters,She and I know a lot of girls in applying for technology/sales/Management position has encountered gender discrimination.ZhengChuRan one gathered and home unit of choose and employ persons in the recruitment of the gender discrimination in evidence.And the other a lanzhou female university students lee orange more helpless,She was"zhaopin"Web site for a resume,One day time and unit of choose and employ persons refused to be home,Reason is the post not recruit women.

　　即便有的女孩被通知参加面试，也会被用人单位询问是否谈恋爱、何时结婚等隐私问题，有的单位开出的条件甚是苛刻，比如在3年之内不许结婚或不能生育等。

Even if some girl be notified for an interview,Will also be unit of choose and employ persons to ask if fall in love/When to get married and privacy issues,Some units on condition is very strict,For instance in 3 years no married or barren, etc.

进展各部门反馈的信息参差不齐 Progress each department feedback information is uneven

　　距离寄出举报信已有三周的时间，女大学生们的投诉有结果吗？

Distance JuBaoXin sent for three weeks,Female college students complaints have results?

　　郑楚然说，全国反馈回来的信息参差不齐，多数是没有具体的处理意见，在工商局方面，有的表示会进行处理，让学生去做笔录，有的则说这事不归他们管；人社局方面，有的说未受理过类似举报，也没有相关的法律规定，某地的人社局还让学生别多管闲事，仅有武汉一家人社局表示要成立专门小组进行研究。

ZhengChuRan said,The feedback back information is uneven,Most is that there is no specific treatment advice,In the industrial and commercial bureau in,Some said they would deal,Let the students to do the record,Others say it does not belong to them tube;One club in bureau,Some said not accept such reports,No relevant laws and regulations,A place people club board also let the students mind your own business,Only the wuhan club bureau said to set up a special task force to study.

　　在北京举报的女大学生李麦子告诉记者，目前她还没有得到智联招聘网站所在的朝阳区人社局的反馈信息，有一郊区的人社局建议她去法院起诉，还有几家工商局打电话通知她不负责此事，要转给其他部门。

In Beijing to report the female university students wheat li told reporters,So far she has not been zhaopin website in the chaoyang district people club bureau feedback information,A suburb of people club administration advised her to go to court,There are several industrial and commercial bureau call she is not responsible for it,Want to other departments.

　　记者拨打了北京市朝阳区人力社保局劳动监察大队的电话，询问李麦子的举报材料是否有答复。一位工作人员告诉记者，他们已经收到举报材料，但还未开始调查，如果领导批下来将按照程序由检察员进行查处，按规定将在60个工作日内给予答复。这位工作人员说，以前未接到过类似举报，也没有过处罚。

Reporters call the Beijing chaoyang district labor inspection team human social security bureau telephone,Ask li wheat report material if there is a reply.A staff, told reporters,They have a report to the material,But hasn't begun to investigate,If the leadership group of down in accordance with the procedures by the inspectors in the investigation,In accordance with the provisions in the days will reply.The staff said,Before has not received such report,Also not punishment.

　　1月17日记者再次联系到李麦子，得知除了海淀人社局给予答复外，其他部门均没有明确的处理意见。海淀区人社局答复称该企业的歧视行为已经纠正，未予处罚。

January 17, the journalist again contact li of wheat,Know that in addition to the haidian people reply of the club,Other departments are not clear processing opinion.Haidian district bureau of people club reply say the enterprise behavior has correct discrimination,Punishment for.

　　在武汉举报的女大学生“猪西西”告诉记者，目前全国被举报的企业中，唯一被处罚的是武汉的一家企业，这家企业被举报在招聘实习人员时限定“招男性”，当地的工商部门以违反广告管理相关细则为由对其罚款1万元。

Female college students in wuhan of the report"Pig and"Told reporters,The country was in the enterprises of the report,The only punished, wuhan is one of the enterprise,The enterprise is to report in the recruit trainee restricting"Recruit male",The ministry of commerce and local administration of advertising in violation of relevant rules on the grounds of the fine of $10000.

　　随后记者登录了智联招聘网站，以“限男性”、“男性”等为关键词进行搜索，发现搜索结果均为零。这说明智联招聘网站已经删除了性别歧视的相关内容。但记者登录其他一些招聘网站，如赶集网等，发现仍有大量注明招男性的招聘信息，多集中在保安员、送货员、快递员等岗位上。

Then press login the zhaopin website,to"Limit male"/"men"As keywords to search,Find the search results are zero.This shows zhaopin website have been deleted gender discrimination related content.But the reporter login other recruitment website,If go to market and,Found that there are still a lot of indicate the recruit male recruitment information,More focus on security/Delivery man/Express and post.

现象多数女大学生不敢维权 Most of the phenomenon of female college students can't rights

　　北京瑞风律师事务所黄溢智律师曾多次参与过反性别歧视的维权。黄律师介绍，全国妇联妇女发展部2011年发布的《女大学生就业创业状况调查报告》指出，56.7%的被访女大学生在求职过程中感到“女生机会更少”，91.9%的被访女大学生感受到用人单位的性别偏见。

Beijing ruifeng law firm yellow overflow wisdom lawyer has repeatedly participated in the rights against gender discrimination.Yellow lawyer said,The all-china women's federation women development, published in 2011[Female college students' employment business condition investigation report]Pointed out that,56.7% of the respondents were female university students in the job search process feel"The girl less chance",91.9% of the respondents were female college students feel the employer's gender bias.

　　北京市妇儿工委2011年发布的《北京市高校女大学生就业情况调查报告》也指出，目前，女大学生在就业过程中受到不公正待遇和性别歧视的情况比较普遍，61.5%的女大学生在求职过程中受到过歧视。但女大学生对此一般采取回避、妥协态度。

Beijing women working committee, published in 2011[Beijing university female college students' employment condition survey report]Also pointed out,At present,In the process of female college students in employment is not being treated fairly and gender discrimination is common,61.5% of female college students in the job search process suffered discrimination.But this general female college students to avoid/Compromise attitude.

　　前身是北京大学法学院妇女法律研究与服务中心的北京众泽妇女法律咨询服务中心，去年6月曾发起过征求愿意作为当事人出面起诉招聘歧视的志愿者的活动。但半年过去，至今没有一人前来应征。

Predecessor is Beijing university law school women's law studies and service center of Beijing the ze women legal consulting service center,Last June was launched for the parties to as to Sue recruitment discrimination volunteer activities.But half a year in the past,So far no one to come.

　　北京众泽法律咨询服务中心的张伟伟律师认为，敢于站出来的受害者要面对较大的社会压力，她们会付出沉重的代价。首先是女性本身会受到一定的家庭压力，其次是她们的社会评价会降低，雇主会另眼看待，认为她们都是“刺儿头”，不好惹。加之法律的支持力度小，她们作为个人单打独斗，还要面临取证困难等诸多问题，最后取得的赔偿却是微乎其微。

Beijing the ze legal consulting service center ZhangWeiWei lawyer thought,Dare to stand up victims have to face more social pressure,They will pay a heavy price.The first is female itself will be affected by a certain family pressure,The second is their social evaluation will reduce,The employer will see the other eye,Think they are"faultfinder",Not to be trifled with.Together with legal support small,As their individual contribution,Still faces many problems, such as evidence difficult,Finally obtain compensation is very little.

提问打官司为何迟迟不立案 Why can not ask engage in a lawsuit filed

　　而敢于站出来的“秋菊”们是否能得到她们想要的说法？

And dare to stand out of"King whyte"Whether they can get they want to say?

　　21岁的女孩黄菊（化名）就是第一个站出来以法律手段维权的女性。但黄菊告诉记者，她的官司连能否立案都不清楚。

21 year old girl huang ju(alias)Is the first one to stand out to take legal action rights of women.But huang told reporters,Her case even can be put on record is not clear.

　　去年6月，刚从北京某院校毕业的黄菊因为巨人教育集团在行政助理招聘启事中“仅限男性”的规定，而以“平等就业权被侵害”为由向海淀法院提起诉讼，请求法院判被告向原告赔礼道歉，并赔偿5万元精神损害抚慰金。公益机构北京益仁平中心向她提供了法律援助。

Last June,Just arrived from Beijing some colleges and universities graduate huang ju because the giant education group in the administrative assistant in the recruitment notice"Only male"regulations,and"Equal employment rights are violated"From haidian court,Request the court found the defendant to the plaintiff offer an apology,And compensation for mental damage solatium 50000 yuan.Public institutions the Beijing RenPing center provides legal assistance to her.

　　该案被专家称为“全国性别就业歧视第一案”，但黄菊并未得到她预期的答案。海淀区人社局对她答复称，巨人教育的招聘信息确实存在性别歧视，但经过调查，系该单位工作人员疏忽导致的，目前存在歧视的信息已经删除，违规的情形已经消失，因此不能对该单位作出处罚。

The case is called experts"The first case of gender employment discrimination",But huang did not get the answer she expected.Haidian district bureau of people club to her reply said,The giant education recruitment information does exist gender discrimination,But after investigation,Is this unit staff to neglect,At present the information discrimination has been deleted,Illegal situation has disappeared,So can't to the unit made the punishment.

　　而另一方面，半年时间过去，法院一直未予立案。

On the other hand,Half a year time in the past,The court has not put on record.

根源法律不完善导致维权难 Root is not perfect legal rights to difficult

　　“最大的问题是现有法律缺乏社会性别视角。所谓社会性别视角，就是区别于男女生理性别的概念，将男女都放在同等的社会地位上。”北京众泽法律咨询服务中心的张伟伟律师告诉记者，“就业促进法虽然规定‘实施就业歧视的，劳动者可以向法院提起诉讼’，但该法并没有给性别歧视下定义，反对性别歧视又从何谈起。”

"The biggest problem is that existing laws lack of social gender perspective.The so-called social gender perspective,Is the difference between men and women in the physiological other concepts,Men and women in the equal social status."Beijing the ze legal consulting service center ZhangWeiWei lawyer told reporters,"Although the employment promotion law provisions‘Implementation of the employment discrimination,Employee may bring a lawsuit before a court’,But the law does not define to gender discrimination,Against gender discrimination and from any talk about."

　　黄溢智律师认为，只有法律准确界定就业性别歧视的内涵和外延，才能使受害人的申诉和索赔具有可操作性，并对歧视行为产生预防和威慑作用。

Yellow overflow wisdom that lawyer,Only legal accurate definition of employment discrimination of connotation and denotation,To make the victim's appeal and claim be operable,And the discrimination behavior produce prevention and deterrence effect.

　　此外法律还缺乏可操作性的相关细则，比如举证责任倒置问题。目前即使法院立案，维权者打官司也有难度，因为以目前国内的法律要求，劳动者要承担举证责任，证明用人单位确实存在歧视，而在国外，用人单位要承担证明自己没有歧视劳动者的责任。

In addition the laws also lack of operability of relevant rules,Such as the onus probandi inversion problem.Now even if the court put on record,Activists engage in a lawsuit also have difficulty,Because in the present domestic legal requirements,Laborer to bear the burden of proof,That unit of choose and employ persons does exist discrimination,While in a foreign country,Unit of choose and employ persons should assume prove himself not the responsibility of the laborer discrimination.

　　目前劳动监察部门执法所依据的“劳动监察条例”，是在“就业促进法”之后颁布实施的，也没有对性别歧视作出明确定义。用人单位如果存在性别歧视，应该承担哪些后果，都没有任何规定，这导致劳动监察部门对企业很难作出处罚。

At present the labor inspection department which is the basis of the law enforcement"Labor inspection regulations",Is in"Employment promotion law"After the promulgation and implementation of the,And not for gender discrimination to make a clear definition.Unit of choose and employ persons if there are gender discrimination,What should bear the consequences,Do not have any provisions,This has led to the labor inspection department of enterprise is hard to make punishment.

　　据悉，去年6月29日，深圳市出台了国内首部性别平等的地方性法规《深圳经济特区性别平等促进条例》。该条例在反性别歧视等方面提出一系列突破性、创新性的条款。

It is reported,Last June 29,,Shenzhen issued the first local regulations of gender equality[Shenzhen special economic zone to promote gender equality rules].The regulations in the gender discrimination and puts forward a series of breakthrough/Innovative clause.

　　记者了解到，舆论呼声较高的“反就业歧视法”尚未进入立法程序。法律界人士指出，反就业歧视为何未进入全国人大的立法范畴，可能是有关方面考虑到行政执法的难度，因为规定得太细可能无法执行，而限于当前的现状，又不能把各地执法部门都推上被告席。

The reporter understands,Public opinion of the highly valued"Employment discrimination against"Is not yet in the legislative process.Legal profession personage points out,Anti-discrimination employment why not enter the National People's Congress legislation category,May be the considering the difficulty of the administrative law enforcement,Because set too fine may not be able to implement,And limited to the current situation,And not all the law enforcement departments on dock.