与其他省份相比，北京、上海、广州这样的流入人口数量巨大的中心城市，解决异地高考问题显得更为艰难。因而，三地方案的出台引起更多人的关注。

Compared with other provinces,Beijing/Shanghai/Guangzhou this into the center of the huge population of the city,Solve different problems the college entrance examination is more difficult.so,Three of the scheme on cause more people's attention.

各地相继出台方案 All have issued scheme

　　2012年被认为是“异地高考”的破局之年。

2012 years is considered"Different college entrance examination"Break in of the bureau of.

　　8月30日，国务院办公厅转发了教育部等部门《关于做好进城务工人员随迁子女接受义务教育后在当地参加升学考试工作的意见》，该意见要求，2012年年底前，31个省（区、市）要因地制宜出台各地随迁子女参加升学考试（包括中考和高考）的具体政策。

On August 30,,The general office of the state council departments of the ministry of education forward[The preparation for migrant workers SuiQian children receive compulsory education in local after in the entrance exam work opinion],This opinion request,By the end of 2012,31 provinces(area/city)To adjust measures to local conditions around on SuiQian children attend school entrance examination(Including tests and college entrance examination)Specific policy.

　　10月31日，黑龙江率先公布了异地高考方案，成为第一个明确异地高考具体门槛的省份，之后又有安徽、重庆、河北等11个省份先后公布方案。

October 31,The heilongjiang province announced the different college entrance examination scheme,Be the first clear different college entrance examination specific threshold provinces,After and anhui/chongqing/Hebei, 11 provinces has announced scheme.

　　巧合的是，广东与北京、上海同一天发布“分步走”的方案。广东根据城市承载能力，于2013年、2014年、2016年3个时间节点，分步骤分层次解决外来务工人员随迁子女在广东高考的问题，并同步要求各地市于2013年3月前出台异地中考政策，并于当年开始实施。上海的方案则明确了要与《上海居住证管理办法》相衔接，其思路也是“逐渐放宽、分步推进、合理梯度、不断深化”。

Coincidence is,Guangdong and Beijing/Shanghai released the same day"Step walk"scheme.According to the city of guangdong bearing capacity,In 2013/In 2014,/In 2016, three time node,Step hierarchically solve migrant workers SuiQian children in guangdong college entrance examination question,And synchronous requires all city in March 2013 on different tests before the policy,And in the implementation of the start.Shanghai plan is made clear and[Measures for the administration of Shanghai residence permit]connected,The idea is"Gradually relaxed/Step propulsion/Reasonable gradient/deepening".

中心城市开口必须直面的压力与难题 Center city open must face the pressure and difficult problem

　　综观已经公布异地高考政策的省份，黑龙江、安徽、重庆、河北、湖南、浙江、吉林、辽宁等省市确定在2013年正式实施异地高考方案，而山东、福建、江西等省将在2014年开始实施。

Have been published on different college entrance examination policy provinces,heilongjiang/anhui/chongqing/hebei/hunan/zhejiang/jilin/Liaoning province and other provinces and cities to determine implemented in the year 2013 different college entrance examination scheme,And shandong/fujian/Jiangxi province will be put into place in 2014.

　　与这些省份相比，北京、上海、广东的政策从制定过程到内容都显得十分艰难，也引起了不少的争议。确实，解决异地高考问题，难度最大的是北京、上海、广州这样的流入人口数量巨大的中心城市。

Compared with these provinces,Beijing/Shanghai/Guangdong policy formulation process from the content is very difficult,Also caused a lot of controversy.really,Solve different problems the college entrance examination,The most difficult is Beijing/Shanghai/Guangzhou this into the center of the huge population of the city.

　　北京市教委新闻发言人线联平坦承：“这是个复杂的社会管理问题。北京作为首都和特大城市，面临的问题集中在三个方面”

The Beijing municipal education commission spokesman line group flat admits:"This is a complicated social management problems.Beijing as the capital and megapolis,Problems of concentrated in three aspects"

　　一是要妥善处理人口与资源、环境的矛盾。目前，本市常住人口2000多万，已经远远超过国务院2003年批复的总体规划提出的到2020年北京人口控制在1800万人的调控目标，北京的资源环境面临严峻挑战，人口过快增长同时带来的交通拥堵、环境污染等问题日益严重，从深层次制约着北京的可持续发展。

One is to properly handle the population and resources/Environmental contradictions.At present,This city permanent population of more than 2000,The state council has far more than 2003 years the overall plan of the rights to put forward to the 2020 Beijing population control in 18 million control target,Beijing's resources and environment is facing serious challenges,The rapid population growth at the same time bring traffic congestion/Environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious problem,From the deep restricts the sustainable development of Beijing.

　　二是需要妥善处理各级教育资源的供需矛盾。近年来，进城务工人员随迁子女持续快速增长，从2011年开始随迁子女高峰期与本市户籍学龄人口高峰期叠加，到2014年，全市小学一年级入学人口将由目前10万人左右剧增到18万人左右，增长率高达80%，小学在校生总量将由目前的68万人左右增加到84万人左右，之后几年仍将呈持续增长趋势。

The second is to properly handle the contradiction between supply and demand of resources at all levels of education.In recent years,Migrant workers SuiQian children the rapid growth,Begin from 2011 SuiQian children rush hour and the registered permanent residence of this municipality school-age population peak superposition,By 2014,The primary school grade one admission from the current population about 100000 ballooned to about 180000 people,Growth rate as high as 80%,Elementary school students from the current amount to about 680000 increased to about 840000 people,After a few years will be a sustained growth trend.

　　三是需要统筹考虑京籍学生和非京籍学生升学考试利益。国务院办公厅《意见》提出“保障当地高考录取比例不因符合条件的随迁子女参加当地高考而受到影响”，但由于教育资源供给能力的客观限制和现行高考招生体制的束缚，同时，增加高校招生计划、提供借考服务等工作还需要国家主管部委的统筹协调以及人口流出地省市的协调配合，如何有效平衡京籍学生和非京籍学生的升学利益，难度很大。

Three is to consider to plan as a whole by the students and the students' interests by the entrance exam.The general office of the state council[opinion]Put forward"Ensure the local college entrance examination admission scale not by the qualified SuiQian children to participate in local college entrance examination and affected",But as a result of education resource supply capacity of the objective limit and the current college entrance examination enrollment system bound,At the same time,Increased college enrollment plan/Provide JieKao service need national competent ministries and commissions and the overall coordination of the places of the provinces and cities coordination,How to effectively balance the cadastral cadastral students and not the students' study interest,Very difficult.

　　记者在之前采访中发现，很多人认为户籍制度是导致教育不公的根本原因，但是人民网舆情监测室的一项统计显示，也有舆论认为教育资源的分配不均和招生制度的不合理才是教育不公的根源，异地高考无助于实现教育公平，反而会带来很多新的问题，譬如大城市人口恶性膨胀，催生新的限制标准，当地人的教育权益被削弱等。

Reporter in an interview before that,Many people think that the household registration system is the root cause of the injustice to education,But people net public opinion monitoring room a statistics show,Also there are Suggestions that education resources and uneven distribution of recruitment system of unreasonable is the root of education injustice,Different college entrance examination not realize education fair,It will bring a lot of new problems,The population of big cities such as malignant expansion,Open up new limit standard,The local people's education rights have been weakened, etc.

未来人口社会系统工程的完善势在必行 The future population social system engineering perfect is imperative

　　即使是在流动人口中，不同群体的利益诉求也有很大差异。

Even in the floating population,Different groups of interest demand also have very big difference.

　　一位从黑龙江来北京工作的国企高管说：“我每年所缴的个人所得税就有一二十万，我们给北京所作的贡献巨大，我们的孩子理应与北京的孩子享受同样的待遇。”

A from heilongjiang came to Beijing to work of state-owned enterprises executives said:"Every year I have to pay personal income tax has 1.2 million,We give Beijing the contribution of the great,Our children should and Beijing child enjoy the same treatment."

　　与这位国企管理者类似，很多具有高学历、高职位或在京经商有着高收入的人群中，他们所要求的是纯粹的“同城待遇”。

And the state-owned enterprise managers similar,Many have highly educated/High office or business in Beijing has a high income people,They required is pure"City treatment".

　　而在北京摆水果摊的李大姐有3个孩子，在她看来，“稳定收入”、“稳定住所”等条件她家根本无法达到，对他们来说在北京“只要能上小学初中就行了。”

In Beijing the place means LiDaJie have three children,In her eyes,"Stable income"/"Stable residence"The condition such as she couldn't reach,For them in Beijing"As long as the elementary school to junior high school will do."

　　随迁子女升学考试工作，不仅是单纯的教育改革，还涉及到就业、住房、社保、公共服务、人口管理等诸多方面的综合改革，更是一项复杂的社会系统工程。线联平指出，必须根据首都城市功能定位、产业结构布局和城市资源承载能力，在进一步完善本市进城务工人员服务管理制度的基础上，根据进城务工人员的就业、居住、社会保障、计划生育等综合因素，明确其随迁子女在京参加升学考试的资格条件和先后顺序，争取在2013年出台与之相挂钩的随迁子女升学考试办法，建立起符合条件的随迁子女在京参加升学考试的常态化长效机制。

SuiQian children eleven-plus work,Is not only a simple education reform,Also related to employment/housing/Social security/The public service/Population management, and many other aspects of the comprehensive reform,Is a complicated social system engineering.Line group flat pointed out that,According to the capital city function orientation/Distribution of industry structure and urban resources carrying capacity,In further perfecting the rural migrant workers in the city on the basis of service management system,According to the obtain employment of personnel of migrant workers/live/Social security/Family planning, and other comprehensive factors,Clear the SuiQian children in Beijing to take part in the entrance exam qualification conditions and order,For in 2013 on the link SuiQian children eleven-plus way,Establishes conforms to the conditions of the SuiQian children in Beijing to take part in the eleven-plus normalization of long-term mechanism.

　　虽然北上广等大城市的异地高考政策还没有达到群体庞大层次复杂的流入人口的要求，但是，这一步迈得很不容易，“小步快走”也不失为一种更加稳妥的方式。

Although north city wide "college entrance examination policy have not reached the level of large group complex into the requirements of the population,but,This step Wallace very not easy,"Step walk fast"Also can yet be regarded as a more safe way.

　　本报北京12月30日电记者 樊未晨 堵力

Our newspaper Beijing on December 30, reporter fan not morning plugging force