中新网北京1月23日电(记者 马学玲)中国科学院院士、南方科技大学校长朱清时22日在北京表示，中国之所以不能进行彻底教改，主要原因就是教育系统由于行政化而僵化。他认为，中国教育创新之路第一步应该是去行政化。

Beijing, Beijing on January 23(The reporter Ma Xueling)Member of Chinese academy of sciences/The south university of science and technology, zhu qingshi said in Beijing on May 22nd,China is not a thorough reform,Main reason is the education system is rigid due to the town government.He thinks that,Chinese education innovation is the first step should be to go to the town road.

南科大仅迈出第一步 最大困难系高校行政化 His greatest difficulty take the first step is the only town government

　　1月22日，由搜狐教育频道主办的“向教育提问”搜狐教育年度盛典在北京召开，同日发布《2012搜狐教育行业白皮书》。作为备受瞩目的中国教育改革先行者，朱清时在当日的“教育创新论坛”上作如上表述。

On January 22,,Hosted by sohu education channel"Ask the education"Sohu education annual festival was held in Beijing,Released on the same day[White paper 2012, sohu education industry].As pioneer of high-profile Chinese education reform,Zhu qingshi on that day"Education innovation BBS"As above stated.

　　“三年前，我应聘到深圳筹建南方科技大学。我心中的目标，也是南科大的使命，就是想用实践来回答‘钱学森之问’，即为什么中国大学没有培养出非常杰出的人才。”朱清时道出当初创办南科大的初衷。

"Three years ago,I apply for to shenzhen starting the south university of science and technology.My goal in my heart,Is his mission,Just want to use the practice to answer‘Qian xuesen's q’,That is why China university did not produce very outstanding talents."The purpose of the zhu qingshi revealed its founding sustc.

　　他解释说，对于钱学森的这个问题，相信每个高校工作者心中都有自己的看法，但所谓十个理论比不上一个实践，所以我们就想创办这样一所大学，来回答钱学森的问题。

He explained that the,The problem for qian xuesen,Believe in the heart of every worker in colleges and universities have their own views,But the so-called theory of ten than a practice,So we want to set up such a university,To answer qian xuesen's question.

　　“这所新大学的目标就是要一步到位，建成一所国际化、高水平的研究型大学。”他进一步指出，所谓研究型大学，就是能够与科研区分，一半时间做研究一半时间做教学，而且今后学校的运转经费中，有一半要来自教师在社会等各个环节竞争到的经费。

"The new university aims to one pace reachs the designated position,Built an internationalized/A high level of research university."He further pointed out that,The so-called research university,Is to be able to distinguish with scientific research,Half the time to do research for teaching,And school running funds in the future,Half from teachers to compete in the society and so on each link to the funds.

　　“从一开始的定位来讲，南方科技大学就与教育部现行的法制法规不相容。”他说，因为根据相关法规，设立一所大学要经过很多步骤，准备好了才能行。“在此过程中，我们确确实实体会到了在中国要做一件创新的事情，举步维艰。”

"Will tell from the start of orientation,The south university of science and technology, the present legal laws and regulations incompatible with the ministry of education."He said,Because, according to relevant laws and regulations,Many steps will you take to set up a university,Ready to do."In the process,We actually realized in China to do something innovative,struggling."

　　他介绍说，在此过程之中，遇到的最大困难就是高校的行政化。在他眼里， 高校的行政化，就是把学校当成行政部门的一部分来管理，“谁的官大谁说了算”。对此，他指出，高等学校的本质是学术机构，因此，必须按照“谁能知道教育的规律就按谁说的办”。

He said,In this process,The biggest difficulty is the college town.In his eyes, College town,Is the school as part of the administrative department to manage,"Who's who's in charge".For this,He pointed out that,Institutions of higher learning is the nature of academic institutions,so,Must be in accordance with the"Who can know the law of education according to the who said that".

　　当被问及到目前为止南方科技大学成功了多少，或者他给自己的工作打多少分时，朱清时表示，“可以说，我们现在是刚刚走出了第一步”。虽然学校刚刚正式成立，但目前已经正式招收了两届学生，正准备明年招第三届。他并没有应邀给自己打分，但最后总结表示，“很多事情还是非常成功，至少已经非常顺利地走开了第一步。”

When asked how much success so far, the south university of science and technology,Or how many points he gave his own work,Zhu said,"Can say,We are just now out of the first step".Although the school has just formally established,But currently has two students officially enrolled,Are going to recruit the third next year.He has not been invited to,But in the end summary said,"A lot of things is very successful,At least have very smooth away the first step."

盛赞南科大学生 不避与中科大对比话题 Praised his students don't avoid compared with ZhongKeDa topic

　　“如何看待中科大与南科大两所学校的对比？功利点讲，您认为，将来南科大与中科大，哪所学校有望早日获得科技界的诺贝尔奖？”朱清时连遭“逼问”，但他并没有回避，逐一作出回应。

"How to see ZhongKeDa and south university the contrast of the two schools?The utilitarian point of speaking,What do you think,Sustc ZhongKeDa with in the future,Which school is expected to gain scientific Nobel Prize as soon as possible?"Zhu qingshi was"The coercive",But he did not withdraw,To respond one by one.

　　“说诺贝尔奖还是比较功利，因为诺贝尔奖要加上很多机遇才能获得，并不一定是优秀的人才，就一定能获得诺贝尔奖。”他说。

"Said the Nobel Prize is the utility,Because of the Nobel Prize to add a lot of opportunities to get,Is not necessarily a good people,We will be able to get a Nobel Prize."He said.

　　朱清时表示，中国科技大学是一所非常出色的大学，但它还是在传统的框架之下运作，这个框架总体而言，就是知识传授型的教育理念。南方科技大学是走上了一条新路，“从招生开始，知识适度传授，着重培养学生的创新能力。”

Zhu said,University of science and technology in China is a very good university,But it is still under the framework of traditional operation,This framework as a whole,Is knowledge imparting type education concept.The south university of science and technology is embarked on a new road,"Starting from the admissions,Moderate to teach knowledge,Cultivate students' innovation ability."

　　他介绍，南方科技大学已经招收两届学生，他们是非常优秀的。学生当初选择来到这所学校，是需要很大勇气的，因为南科大实际上是“自主招生、自授文凭”，学生毕业后就业情况完全是由学校教育质量和水平高不高、得不得到社会认可来决定的。

He introduced,The south university of science and technology has two students,They are very good.Students choose came to this school,Is takes a lot of courage,Because the sustc is actually"Autonomous enrolment/Since the award diploma",Graduates employment situation is completely by the school education quality and level is not high/Do not get social acceptance.

　　朱清时透露，日前，南科大学生在一次大学生基因工程知识的世界大赛中获得金奖和银奖，麻省理工、哈佛等世界名校已向参赛人员发出邀请，他们并不在乎这些学生的文凭是否由教育部颁发。

Zhu said,recently,South university students in a college students' knowledge of genetic engineering in the world series of gold medal and silver medal,The Massachusetts institute of technology/The world famous universities such as harvard have invited to the staff,They don't care about whether the diploma awarded by the ministry of education of the students.

　　“所以我觉得，南方科技大学改革与创新的精神，要远远高于其他学校。”朱清时这样看待南科大与其他高校的主要区别。

"So I think,The south university of science and technology, the spirit of reform and innovation,Is far higher than other schools."Zhu qingshi regard that the major difference between south university and other colleges and universities.

　　期间，他多次赞赏南科大的学生。“报考南方科技大学的学生，敢于接受自主招生、自授文凭的这种做法，就说明他们是出类拔萃的，有担当、有胆量、有自信心，也有能力。”

During the period,He appreciates south university students many times."Enter oneself for an examination the south university of science and technology students,Dare to accept the independent recruitment of students/Since the awarded the diploma in this,They are outstanding,Have a bear/Have the courage to/Have the self-confidence,Also has the ability to."

力挺教授治校 称落实办学自主权尚需二三十年 Faculty governance is said to carry out the school-running autonomy is still two hundred and thirty

　　教育部日前颁发《全面推进依法治校实施纲要》，其中提到，要以建设现代学校制度为目标，落实和规范学校办学自主权，形成政府依法管理学校，学校依法办学、自主管理，教师依法执教，社会依法支持和参与学校管理的格局。

The ministry of education has issued[Comprehensively promote administration according to law, to the implementation of the program],The mentioned,To build the modern school system as the goal,Implement and standardize the school running autonomy,To form the government in accordance with the management school,Schools in accordance with the law/Independent management,Teacher should teach in accordance with the law,The pattern of social support and participation in school management in accordance with the law.

　　“教育部能够颁发这个文件，这是一大进步，说明已经开始意识并接受应该给学校较大自主办学权。”朱清时如是解读。

"Issued by the ministry of education to the file,This is a big step forward,That has already begun to consciousness and accept should give larger autonomous rights of running school."Zhu qingshi, reading.

　　他指出，但这在实践过程中，会有很多问题，因为在中国，“谁出钱谁就要管”，这是天经地义的。比如像南方科技大学，我们要求有极大的自主办学权，就遇到一些困难，因为中国人尚没有习惯这种模式。

He pointed out that,But that in practice,There will be a lot of problems,Because in China,"Who pays who tube",This is god's truth.Such as the south university of science and technology,We require a great run independently,Encountered some difficulties,Because the Chinese are not used to this mode.

　　“不能因为有困难，就放弃。”朱清时以国外名校为例进行论述。他说，看看全世界所有大学，尤其像牛津、剑桥等英国大学，也是政府出资的公办大学，但他们的习惯是“政府出钱但不管”，因为他们是靠法律来管的。两所大学建校数百年，并能保持一流，也正是因为有这一点做保证。

"Not because there are difficulties,Just give up."Zhu qingshi in foreign schools, for example is discussed.He said,Look at all universities in the world,Especially like Oxford/Cambridge and other British universities,Also is government-funded public university,But their habits are"The government paid but no matter",Because they are tube by law.Two college school hundreds of years,And to maintain a first-class,It was also because of this.

　　他说，我经常把“教育改革去行政化、政府出钱让教授管学校”这件事比作小岗村当初的包产到户改革，在当时看来是大逆不道，认为政府管农业是理所当然的。但后来实践证明，农民都知道怎样种好田，用不着行政官员去指导。教育也是一样政府出钱，让教授自己办学校，这样，我们的教育就真正有自主权。

He said,I always keep"Education reform to a government/The government paid to tube, a professor at the school"It compared to xiaogang has had the fixing of reform,At the time seemed to be,Take it for granted that the government agriculture.But later proved,Good farmers know what kind of field,Don't need to go to guide public officials.The government paid education also is same,Let, a professor at the school,such,Our education is a real autonomy.

　　“教育部颁发这个文件，至少说明官方已经意识到学校应该有很大自主办学权，但真正落实，可能还得二三十年以后。”朱清时对中国自主办学的落地时间表并不是很乐观。

"The ministry of education issued by the file,At least shows that officials should have realised that the school has a lot to run independently,But the real implementation,Might have to since two hundred and thirty."Zhu qingshi run independently of landing on China's timetable is not very optimistic.

中国教育出路在改革 创新第一步是去行政化 China's education way out in the first step is to reform and innovation to the town

　　除参与分论坛讨论，作为闭幕演讲嘉宾，朱清时还分享了《教育创新之路到底通向哪里》的主题演讲。他指出，教育必须引领社会的发展，因此教育必须高于社会 。教育要怎么样才能引领社会发展，他认为，那就是教育必须培养一批创新型人才。

In addition to participating in BBS discussion,As the closing speaker,Zhu also Shared[Education innovation where the road lead to]The theme of the speech.He pointed out that,Education must lead the development of the society,So education must be higher than social .Education is how to lead the social development,He thinks that,That is education must cultivate a batch of innovative talents.

　　他解释说，所谓创新型人才，不一定指高科技、研究型人才，也包括机械制造、服务、经济管理等各行各业。这样的人不仅要有知识，更重要的是，这样的人要有杰出的批评社会的能力，要有突出的想象力、洞察力、注意力和记忆力。

He explained that the,The so-called creative talents,Does not necessarily refer to technology/Research-oriented talents,Also include the mechanical manufacture/service/Economic management and so on all walks of life.Such people should not only have the knowledge,What is more important,Such people have outstanding ability of criticism of the society,Want to have outstanding imagination/insight/Attention and memory.

　　“如果能培养大量创新型人才，我们的教育才算成功。但是，我们当前教育的通病，就是没有为国家提供大量具有高度创新能力的人才。”他认为，当前中国教育的一个深层次弊病，就是只重视传授知识，只考察学生掌握知识的情况，忽略学生创新能力和综合素质。

"If you can cultivate a large number of creative talents,Our education in order to be successful.but,A common mistake among our current education,Is that there is no provide countries with a large number of highly innovative ability of talents."He thinks that,The current Chinese education a deep-seated ills,Is only attach importance to impart knowledge,Especially, the students master knowledge only,Ignore the students' innovative ability and comprehensive quality.

　　中国教育的出路到底在哪里？朱清时认为，世界一流水平大学的成功经验已经回答了这个问题，那就是进行教改。“尽管部分有识之士提出了素质教育和创新教育的口号，但中国的教改基本上没有实质开展。”

Where is China's education way?Zhu believes that,The successful experience of world first-class university has answered the question,That is for the educational reform."While some men of insight put forward the quality education and innovation education slogan,But almost no substance to carry out the educational reform in China."

　　他认为，中国之所以不能进行彻底教改，主要原因就是教育系统由于行政化而僵化。在这种行政化的管理方向下，追求学术卓越这种学校发展的原动力就退居次要地位。因此，学校也就逐渐僵化，失去改革活力。

He thinks that,China is not a thorough reform,Main reason is the education system is rigid due to the town government.Under the direction of the town government management,The pursuit of academic excellence the motivity of the development of the school is relegated to secondary status.so,The school has gradually ossified,Reform of missing.

　　那么，教育创新之路究竟要通向哪里？朱清时认为，中国教育改革创新之路，第一步应该是去行政化，让学校恢复本来的面目，恢复追求卓越的中心地位，然后学校才有动力、教授才有动力把教育改革进行下去，把中国知识传授型学校改成培养学生创新能力和素质教育的学校。只有这样，我们的教育才能为国家培养出一批又一批高素质的创新型人才。(完)

then,Way to education innovation going to where?Zhu believes that,Road of the Chinese education reform and innovation,The first step is to go to the town,To restore the school what,Restore the heart of the pursuit of excellence,Then the school just has power/Professor didn't have power to education reform,Change the Chinese knowledge type schools to cultivate students' innovative ability and quality education of school.Only in this way,Our education to cultivate a batch of and a number of highly qualified creative talents.(After the)