为防止高考移民；西藏仍未公布方案；仅两地公布方案前向社会公开征意见 In order to prevent the college entrance examination immigrant;Tibet is still not released;Before only released two solutions to the social public opinion

　　新京报讯 昨日，除西藏没有明确“进城务工人员随迁子女接受义务教育后在当地参加升学考试办法”（下称“异地高考”），其余30省（区、市）不同程度地公布了方案。

The Beijing news briefing yesterday,In addition to Tibet is not clearly"Rural migrant personnel trailing after their children to receive compulsory education entrance exam in a local solution"(Hereinafter referred to as"Beyond the university entrance exam"),The rest of the 30 provinces(area/The city)Announced the plan in different degrees.

　　此前，国务院办公厅转发文件要求，各省份“原则上2012年年底”公布“异地高考”方案。

after,Under the state council on forwarding documents requirements,The provinces"In principle, at the end of 2012"published"Beyond the university entrance exam"solution.

　　记者对比发现，有些省提出了对考生或父母的户籍限制。其中包括云南、甘肃、宁夏、内蒙古、新疆等地，多集中于西部地区。

Reporters found,Some province proposed to the students or parents of the hukou restrictions.Including yunnan/Gansu province/ningxia/Inner Mongolia/Xinjiang and other places,More focused on the western region.

　　

沪皖曾公开征求意见 Shanghai anhui has publicly for advice

　　2012年11月21日，安徽省教育厅公布《安徽省关于进城务工人员随迁子女接受义务教育后参加升学考试工作的实施意见》（公开征求意见稿），征求意见6天，2012年12月31日，由安徽省政府办公厅转发的正式文件里，将此文件更名为《进城务工人员随迁子女接受义务教育后参加升学考试暂行意见》。

On November 21, 2012,Published in anhui province department of education[About the rural migrant workers in anhui province after trailing their children to receive compulsory education for entrance examination work implementation opinion](Public draft),For 6 days,On December 31, 2012,By anhui province government general office forwarding official documents,This file is renamed[City workers interim after trailing their children to receive compulsory education for entrance examination opinions].

　　而第二个公开征求意见的则是上海市。上海市的“异地高考”方案以《上海市居住证管理办法》为依据。虽然《上海市居住证管理办法》最终文本尚未确定，但这项法规于2012年11月22日进行了为期11天的公开征求意见环节。

And the second public comment is in Shanghai.In Shanghai"Beyond the university entrance exam"Schemes to[Shanghai residence permit management method]On the basis.though[Shanghai residence permit management method]Final text has not yet been set,On November 22, 2012, but the regulations for public comment link in 11 days.

　　21世纪教育研究院副院长熊丙奇认为，按照国家教育中长期规划纲要的规定，重大的教育决策都要广泛听取意见，是一个民主决策的过程。

The 21st century education research institute argues xiong bingqi, deputy director of,According to the provisions of the national long-term plan for education,Major education decisions are widely listen to opinions,Is a process of democratic decision.

　　熊丙奇认为，像“异地高考”这样影响非常大的教育政策出台前，一定要有征求意见，听取民意的过程。不然就会导致“门槛”随意性大等问题。

Xiong bingqi thinks,like"Beyond the university entrance exam"Before the education policies of such influence is very big,Must have to ask for some advice,The process of listening to public opinion.Or it will cause"threshold"Optional the gender is big issues.

　　此外，政策决策只有“听取意见”还不够。还应提交人大来审议，充分讨论形成大家可接受的结果。

In addition,Policy decisions are"Listening to it"Is not enough.Shall be submitted to National People's Congress for deliberation,Full discussion form acceptable results.

　

　西部省区较容易落户 The western provinces and regions are easier to settle

　　梳理发现，有些省提出了对考生或父母的户籍限制。比如云南、甘肃、内蒙古、新疆、青海等地。

found,Some province proposed to the students or parents of the hukou restrictions.Such as yunnan/Gansu province/Inner Mongolia/xinjiang/Qinghai and other places.

　　青海省要求考生父母双方或一方及考生本人户口一并迁入青海省满五周年；新疆则要求本人及父母在疆有常住户口，且户口迁入新疆的时间不少于两年。

Qinghai province requires one or both parents and students in qinghai province with the fifth anniversary of my account;Insist on myself and parents in xinjiang have the permanent residence in xinjiang,And in time not less than two years in xinjiang.

　　熊丙奇认为，“户籍”限制主要出现在中西部省份。这些地区落户相对容易，提出户籍要求就相当于大城市的居住证要求。

Xiong bingqi thinks,"The household registration"Limit is mainly in central and western provinces.In these areas is relatively easy,Household registration request is equivalent to big city residence requirements.

　　熊丙奇说，这些中西部省份是高考录取政策倾斜较多的省份，高考录取分数线偏低，属于传统“高考移民”重灾区。因此，这些省对开放“异地高考”一直持谨慎态度。

Xiong bingqi said,The central and western provinces are admitted to the college entrance examination policy tilt more provinces,The university entrance exam admits fractional line is low,Belong to the traditional"The college entrance examination immigration"Hardest hit.so,These provinces to open"Beyond the university entrance exam"Have to be cautious.

　　他说，这些省之所以要提到学籍户籍双证齐全，也是借鉴以往防止高考移民做法，防止学生把户籍迁出，在外地读书，再回到本地高考。

He said,These provinces to mention student residence double certificate is complete,Also draw lessons from past practice to prevent the college entrance examination immigration,Prevent students move out of the household register,Away at school,Back to the local college entrance examination.

　　

1 门槛设置 1 the threshold Settings

　　社保“门槛”多为3年 The social security"threshold"More than for three years

　　记者发现，北京、天津公布的是“过渡方案”；而贵州、安徽均为“暂行”；辽宁、湖北、海南等则称之为“试行”方案。同时，新疆的方案只针对2013年非新疆户籍往届中职毕业生，满足条件参加高职高考；内蒙古也是出台2014年前的方案。 在门槛上，安徽、福建、浙江、山东、江西五省份未对需“异地高考”的考生父母（或法定监护人）提出条件。

Reporter found that,Beijing/Tianjin is released"Transition plan";The guizhou/Anhui are"The provisional";liaoning/hubei/Hainan is called"On a trial basis"solution.At the same time,Solution in xinjiang in 2013 not only household past secondary vocational graduates in xinjiang,Meet the conditions to participate in college entrance examination in vocational colleges;Inner Mongolia is also issued 2014 years ago in the scheme. On the threshold,anhui/fujian/zhejiang/shandong/Five provinces of jiangxi province is not to need"Beyond the university entrance exam"The examinee of parents(Or legal guardian)Put forward the conditions.

　　社保方面，北京、上海、广东等11省不同程度地对考生父母提出了社保要求。其中，天津、上海社保年限尚未明确，其余省份社保年限多为3年。

Aspects of social security,Beijing/Shanghai/Guangdong and other 11 provinces social security requirements are put forward according to the examinee parents in different degrees.Among them,tianjin/Fixed number of year of the Shanghai social security has not been clear,The rest of the fixed number of year of the provinces of social security for 3 more years.

　　另有8省份并未明确提出父母或监护人的工作要求，有6省份未提及父母或监护人住所要求。

Another eight provinces did not explicitly put forward requirement of working parents or guardian,Six provinces have parents or guardians residence requirements not mentioned.

　　而学籍“门槛”上，多是对学生提出3年学籍要求，但江西提出只要高中一年学习经历并获得学籍即可，河南只提到获得学籍，并未提及学习年限的时间限制。

And one's status as a student"threshold"On the,Is 3 years admitted to the university to students' requirements,But a year as long as high school learning experience in jiangxi province and get admitted to the university,Henan only references to get admitted to the university,Did not mention the time limit for the period of schooling.

　　【解读】

[Interpretation of the]

　　熊丙奇：“异地高考”出台过渡、暂行或试行方案，体现出各地积极探索的态度，但也说明这是当地政府正在寻找平衡点。

Xiong bingqi,:"Beyond the university entrance exam"A transition/Provisional or pilot scheme,Reflects the active exploration around the attitude,But also that this is the local government is looking for balance.

　　此时，地方在推行过程中，如果遇到开放导致了高考移民或本地户籍人口的不满情绪问题，也可随时对“门槛”进行调整。

At this time,In the process of implementation,If there are any open led to the problem of college entrance examination immigration or the local population of discontent,Also can at any time to"threshold"To adjust.

　　即使未提出试行或暂行方案的地区，也可能会根据推行程度来调整具体的门槛。

If not for interim solution or region are put forward,Also may according to the degree to adjust the threshold of the concrete.

　　而这些门槛设置，就包括学籍、父母身份和报考学校层次等。这背后是流动人口的多少，以及教育资源的差别和权衡高考移民的问题。

And the threshold setting,Including one's status as a student/Parents' identity and to enter oneself for an examination the school level, etc.Behind this is that how many of the floating population,And the difference of education resources and weigh in the college entrance examination immigration problem.

　　

2 实施年限 2 implementation of the fixed number of year

　　20省今年有条件放开 20 provinces conditional release this year

　　目前，有20省份在今年就将有条件放开“异地高考”。这些省份涉及安徽、江苏、广西、云南、重庆、浙江、江西、湖南、湖北、河南、山西、河北、黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、天津、广东（高职）和新疆（往届中职生考高职）和内蒙古。其中有的省份实现了随迁子女满足条件后与当地考生同等报考录取条件，而有的省份则还只能针对高职（天津、广东和新疆），或省属高校（云南的部分非滇籍随迁子女考生），而不能填报高水平大学。

At present,20 provinces will be conditionally released this year"Beyond the university entrance exam".Which relates to anhui province/jiangsu/guangxi/yunnan/chongqing/zhejiang/jiangxi/hunan/hubei/henan/shanxi/hebei/In heilongjiang province/jilin/liaoning/tianjin/guangdong(Higher vocational colleges)And xinjiang(Past raw test in higher vocational technical secondary school)And the Inner Mongolia.Some provinces for trailing children meet condition equal to local examinee enter oneself for an examination after admission,While some provinces also only in view of the higher vocational education(tianjin/In guangdong province and xinjiang),Or provincial colleges and universities(Yunnan, a part of yunnan students trailing their children),And can't fill in high level university.

　　而贵州、福建、上海、四川、宁夏、陕西（高职）、山东和海南则要等到2014年有条件放开“异地高考”。

The guizhou/fujian/Shanghai/sichuan/ningxia/shaanxi(Higher vocational colleges)/Shandong and hainan conditional release until 2014"Beyond the university entrance exam".

　

　【解读】 [Interpretation of the]

　　熊丙奇：在“异地高考”的执行上，各地在公布方案后，应该给地方一个适应期限，设立实施年限，从决策的角度看，是没有问题的。

Xiong bingqi,:In the"Beyond the university entrance exam"Implementation of the,Around the solution after being released,Should give place to a adapt to the time limit,Set up a fixed number of year of the implementation,From the perspective of decision making,There is no problem.

　　但关键问题是，在过渡期结束后一些地方能不能拿出正式方案。

But the key question is,At the end of the transition period with some places can produce formal solution.

　　等到了各地制定的“异地高考”时间节点，就要看各地能不能真正落实各自的政策承诺。

Wait to set locally"Beyond the university entrance exam"Time nodes,Will look at the can really implement their policy commitments.

　　更进一步的问题是，各地应该进一步加大异地考开放的力度。除了现有的方案要执行之外，还要推行能够解决“异地高考”治本之策。

A further problem is,Should further intensify long-distance test open around.In addition to the existing solutions to perform,Also can be solved"Beyond the university entrance exam"fundamental.

　　3 开放程度

3 how open

　　超20省异地生无差别招录

Super gii different raw enroll 20 provinces

　　除了上海和广东，有23个省份在制定“异地高考”政策时，将最终的目标设定在与省域内考生的考试录取问题上，无差别或无特别限制性对待。

In addition to Shanghai and guangdong,There are 23 provinces in setting"Beyond the university entrance exam"When the policy,To set the ultimate goal and provincial examinee exam admission issues,There or no special restriction.

　　这22个省份包括山东、河南、河北、黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、浙江、江西、湖南、湖北、贵州、安徽、福建、内蒙古、山西、陕西、江苏、广西、云南、四川、重庆、甘肃和海南。

The 22 provinces, including shandong province/henan/hebei/In heilongjiang province/jilin/liaoning/zhejiang/jiangxi/hunan/hubei/guizhou/anhui/fujian/Inner Mongolia/shanxi/shaanxi/jiangsu/guangxi/yunnan/sichuan/chongqing/Gansu and hainan.

　　只不过有些省份对这种无差别对待，提出了前提条件。比如海南省则需要考生有6年学籍，其父母有6年社保、6年居住。

Some provinces only to this kind of difference treatment,Premise condition is proposed.Student status such as hainan requires candidates to have 6 years,Their parents have six years of social security/6 years and lived.

　　

【解读】 [Interpretation of the]

　　熊丙奇：异地高考应该确定的基本原则，一是就地高考、就地录取，另一个是所有学生平等录取。

Xiong bingqi,:Beyond the university entrance exam should determine the basic principles of,One is in the university entrance exam/Admission to the in situ,Another is equality admitted to all students.

　　但是有些地方实行的就地高考、异地录取，以及有限开放高职院校录取或三本录取，这就是设置门槛的做法。

But in some places of in situ for the college entrance examination/Beyond the acceptance,Higher vocational colleges and limited open admissions or three this admission,This is to set the threshold approach.

　　当然，政策也是考虑到当地生源利益和外来生源利益的平衡，比如广东，本身是一个生源大省，但资源少，如果没有足够的高考指标协调，当地考生肯定会反对无差别放开，我想广东的这种限制，也是出于如何将高考指标协调到位并进行衔接的考虑。

Of course,,Policy is also considering the balance of the interests of local students and foreign students,Such as guangdong,Itself is a big province of students,But fewer resources,If there is not enough coordination of college entrance examination index,Local candidates will definitely against the indiscriminate release,I want to guangdong this limitation,Also for how to manage the cohesion of college entrance examination index reconciled and consider.

　　4 借考服务

4 JieKao service

　　北上广提供借考服务

3 provide JieKao service

　　目前，北京、上海和广东等流动人口比较密集的省份，在方案中均提出非户籍人口“借考”的做法，来解决进城务工人员随迁子女接受义务教育后的“高考”。

At present,Beijing/Shanghai and guangdong, more populated provinces of the floating population,In the scheme are put forward in the census register population"JieKao"The practice of,To solve the rural migrant workers after trailing their children to receive compulsory education"The college entrance examination".

　　比如上海提出，对不符合上海普通高校招生条件的进城务工人员随迁子女，“待教育部出台相关文件”规定、经学生户籍所在省份同意后，可在沪参加普通高校招生考试借考，由学生户籍所在省份负责录取。

Such as Shanghai put forward,Does not satisfy the conditions for Shanghai average college enrollment of children of rural migrant workers trailing,"For the ministry of education issued relevant documents"provisions/After approved by province students census register,To participate in college entrance exam in Shanghai JieKao,Household register province by student admissions.

　　而广东则提出，自2014年起，对不符合在广东报考条件的进城务工人员随迁子女，经户籍所在地省级招生办同意，可在广东借考，但须回到户籍所在省（市）参加录取。

And guangdong is put forward,Since 2014,,Enter oneself for an examination in guangdong does not meet the conditions of rural migrant workers children of trailing,Subject to consent by the provincial admissions census register seat,May in guangdong JieKao,But must return to the household registration province(The city)Take part in admission.

　　

【解读】 [Interpretation of the]

　　熊丙奇：不太赞成借考的做法，异地高考，就是异地借考，就地录取。如果推行借考，必须要有国家来主导，教育部门要出台有关“借考”的具体文件。

Xiong bingqi,:Don't approve of JieKao approach,Beyond the university entrance exam,Is a long-distance JieKao,Admission to the in situ.If push JieKao,You must have to dominate the state,Education department should publish relevant"JieKao"The specific file.

　　目前，不同省份间的考题可能不一样，考分也会不一样，如何进行换算？而且借考也涉及到各地录取指标不同、教育资源不均衡和质量不同的问题，有人可能会借用这种差异，到教育质量高的地方高考，回到教育质量并不高的地方录取，这对当地考生也未必公平。另外，借考操作起来可能也比较麻烦，对家长和考生而言，还不如回到原籍考试。

At present,Examination questions may be different between different provinces,Test scores will be different,How to conversion?And also involves around JieKao admitted different indicators/Unbalanced education resources and quality of different problems,One may borrow the difference,To the quality of education high college entrance examination,To the place education quality is not high,This is not fair for local students.In addition,JieKao operate may be more troublesome,For parents and students,It is better to back to the origin test.

　　本版采写 新京报记者 郭少峰 邓琦

This edition is concludes the Beijing news reporter Guo Shaofeng Deng Qi

　　京沪粤进展： Shanghai yue progress:

　　 上海敲定异地高考方案:家长须持居住证A证 Shanghai beyond the university entrance exam scheme: parents are required to hold A residence permit card

　　 北京异地高考条件：要有五证 需有稳定住所 Beijing beyond the college entrance examination conditions:There should be 5 card one needs to have a stable home

　　 广东出台异地高考方案 不符合报考条件的可借考 Guangdong long-distance JieKao enter oneself for an examination the university entrance exam scheme does not conform to the conditions

　　

相关评论： Relevant comments:

　　

解决异地高考还需全国“一盘棋” Solve different still need the national college entrance examination"A chess game"

　　

其他各省市进展： Progress in other provinces:

　　深圳发布2013高考借考通知：异地高考无望

Shenzhen 2013 college entrance examination JieKao notice:Beyond the university entrance exam of hopelessness

　　黑龙江启动异地高考报名 已189名考生符合条件

Heilongjiang start beyond the college entrance examination enrollment is 189 students eligible

　　重庆不允许外地高考生和户籍考生异地借考

Chongqing does not allow foreign students and household registration examinee foreign JieKao

　　安徽异地中高考方案对考生不设户籍门槛

Anhui province long-distance ZhongGaoKao scheme without hukou to the examinee threshold

　　江西异地高考方案后年实施 外省户籍仍回原籍

Different scheme the year after college entrance examination of jiangxi province provincial census register is still back to the origin

　　辽宁实施异地高考最早时间要等到2014年

Liaoning implementation beyond the university entrance exam time until 2014 at the earliest

　　湖南异地高考政策：户籍与学籍冲突以学籍为主

Hunan foreign policy of college entrance examination:The hukou conflict with one's status as a student is given priority to with one's status as a student