异地高考根本就不是教育部一家就可以解决的问题。“异地”的基础教育资源承载力、相应配套的医疗设施、财政拨款、甚至当地交通等等，都是异地高考背后“牵一发而动全身”的工作。

Different college entrance examination is not a ministry of education can solve the problem."different"The bearing capacity of foundation education resources/Corresponding medical facilities/Financial appropriation/Even the local traffic and so on,Are different behind the college entrance examination"Domino"work.

　　于灵

In spirit

　　呼吁了多年的异地高考，何时才能在“北上广”这样的热点地区真正实行？着急的不光是家长，教育部一样很着急。

Calls for the years of different college entrance examination,When can"North wide"Such hotspots real practice?Worry is not only parents,The ministry of education as worried.

　　教育部有关负责人表示，近期，教育部将会同发改委、公安部和人社部，对各省（区、市）开展随迁子女在当地参加升学考试方案落实的专项督查，还要分赴京沪粤等地督促指导落实方案。

The ministry of education officials said,recent,Education department jointly with the development and reform commission/The ministry of public security and people club department,To the provinces(area/city)To carry out SuiQian children in local attend eleven-plus scheme implementation of special supervision,Shanghai yue to leave for different destinations to urge guide implement scheme.

　　今年8月，教育部等四部委出台文件，明确要求各地年底前出台有关随迁子女升学考试的方案。现在离年底只有一个多月时间，除青海、黑龙江等省份已初步明确随迁子女在当地参加升学考试的条件外，多数省份尚未出台方案。对此，教育部副部长杜玉波表示，“要集中力量，打好这一场硬仗”。

August,The ministry of education and other four ministries issued documents,Clear requirements before the end of the year around on the SuiQian children eleven-plus solutions.From the end of the year now only a little more than a month,In addition to qinghai/Heilongjiang provinces has been clear in the local SuiQian children attend school entrance examination conditions outside,Most of the provinces has not yet issued scheme.this,Vice minister of education DuYuBo said,"To concentrate on,Play this a tough game for us".

　　虽然中央和教育部都在不断督促各地尽快出台异地高考的方案，但是具体到北京、上海、广州等焦点地区，异地高考真正推行的难度还是不小。

Although the central committee and the ministry of education has been urged all on different college entrance examination as soon as possible solutions,But specific to Beijing/Shanghai/Guangzhou focus areas,The difficulty of the implementation of the different college entrance examination true or not.

　　截至2011年秋季开学，北京市义务教育随迁子女约47.8万人，创历史新高，比2010年同期增长4.4万人，比2000年同期增长39.3万人。9月，北京市教委相关负责人表示，北京市的“异地高考”方案正在研究中。但令许多家长失望的是，11月21日北京教育考试院出台的政策中明确规定：“明年高考报名须具有本市正式户口。”

By the end of 2011 the autumn,Beijing compulsory education SuiQian children of about 478000 people,A record,Than the same period in 2010 44000 growth,Than the same period in 2000 393000 growth.September,The Beijing municipal education commission officials say,Beijing's"Different college entrance examination"Plans are under study.But to many parents disappointment,On November 21 Beijing education examination yuan policy in specific provision:"Next year college entrance examination registration shall have officially registered permanent residence in this city."

　　北京市教委表示，目前北京市发改委、教育、公安等部门正在研究起草来京务工人员随迁子女接受义务教育后在京参加升学考试工作的实施方案，“原则上于2012年年底前出台”。

The Beijing municipal education commission said,The present Beijing development and reform commission/education/The public security departments are studying drafting those migrant workers SuiQian children receive compulsory education in Beijing to take part in the eleven-plus work plan,"In principle in 2012 issued by the end of the year".

　　11月22日，广东公布了类似的政策，即对非本省户籍考生高考报名仍未放开。而上海则拟对居住证进行“积分制”管理，但目前该意见仍处在征求意见之中。

On November 22,Guangdong announced a similar policy,That is the province to the household registration is still not let go of the college entrance examination.And Shanghai, plan to for residence permit"JiFenZhi"management,But now this opinion is still in for advice in.

　　异地高考到底难在哪里？一位不方便透露姓名的高校校长曾向笔者透露，“这根本就不是教育部一家就可以解决的问题”。纵观已出台计划的各省市区，现在通行的方法是设置一些“门槛”，比如需要考生在当地就读一定年限的基础教育。那么这个地区的基础教育资源承载力、相应配套的医疗设施、财政拨款、甚至当地交通等都是“异地高考”背后“牵一发而动全身”的工作，所以异地高考在热点地区这绝不会是一到两年就能解决的问题。

What is the different college entrance examination?A convenient named to the university President was revealed,"It's not a ministry of education can solve the problem".The general has already issued the plan of different provinces,Now popular method is to set up some"threshold",Such as the need to attend a certain years of basic education.So the region's basic education resource carrying capacity/Corresponding medical facilities/Financial appropriation/Even the local traffic is"Different college entrance examination"behind"Domino"work,So different college entrance examination in hotspots that never is one to two years can solve the problem.

　　除了要考虑热门省市承载资源的问题外，各省市之间还将面临一个实际的问题就是，如果实行异地高考，最终录取名额是占用户籍地的指标还是高考所在地的指标？这也是政策设计者和各省市执行者面临的现实问题。教育部原副部长吴启迪曾表示，异地高考牵涉的利益很复杂，教育部门需要和方方面面协调，一方面是看给各地的名额怎么改变，一方面是看能否在非户籍所在地参加高考。

In addition to consider the problem of resources which are carrying hot outside,Among cities and provinces will also face a real problem is,If a different college entrance examination,Final admission quota is occupied assess index or college entrance examination the index?This is also the designer and the policy and realistic problem faced by executives.Former vice minister of ministry of education said automotive industry,The interests of the different college entrance examination involved is very complicated,Education department needs and coordinate all aspects,On the one hand is to see the number of the world how to change,On the one hand is to see whether in the census register seat to participate in college entrance examination.

　　除此之外，诸如异地高考是否会带来新一批的高考移民？以及与此相关的户籍改革能否联动等问题，也都是异地高考面临的挑战。

In addition,Such as different college entrance examination will bring a new batch of college entrance examination immigrant?And the related problems such as the reform of the household registration can be linked,Are also different challenges facing the college entrance examination.南方科技大学校长朱清时就曾表示，若异地高考真的要实施，首先还是要解决户口问题，取消城市户口和农村户口差异，如果农村城市户口一视同仁，也就不存在这个问题。异地高考问题，10到20年能解决都是乐观的估计。 The President of the university of science and technology south zhu qingshi had said,If you really want to implement different college entrance examination,The first is to solve the problem of registered permanent residence,Cancel registered urban and rural differences account,If rural registered city alike,Also does not exist the problem.Different college entrance examination questions,Ten to twenty years can solve are optimistic estimate.

　　异地高考乃大势所趋。但是“急不得也慢不得”。允许差异化存在，不搞一刀切，是这场“中央地方拉锯战”中的关键所在。

Different college entrance examination is the trend of The Times.but"Your may also slow may not".Allow differentiation exists,Don't make one size fits all,Is the"Between central government and local government"Of key.

　　（作者系东北财经大学副教授）

(The author is an associate professor northeast university of finance and economics)