公办幼儿园就该姓公 Public kindergarten is the family name is male制图：张芳曼 drawing:Zhang Fangman

　　1月23日闭幕的广州市十四届人大三次会议透露根据最新的财政预算，广州今年拟对14家机关幼儿园给予财政补助经费1.23亿元，比去年又增加了2800万元。这种补贴方式虽然年年引起非议，然而这次有了新的说法：根据该市学前教育三年行动计划，今年新学期这些机关幼儿园将拿出70%的学位向所有广州市户籍适龄儿童开放。正如广州市教育局局长屈哨兵所言：“需要更正一个观念了，现在没有‘机关幼儿园’了，都是‘广州市公办幼儿园’。”

On January 23, the closing of the 14th National People's Congress (NPC) in guangzhou three times meeting disclosed according to the latest budget,Guangzhou for 14 authority kindergarten this year given financial subsidies of 123 million yuan,28 million yuan more than last year.This way of subsidies although caused criticism from year to year,But this time with a new account:According to the three years of preschool education plan of action,The authority kindergarten will take out 70% of the new term this year degree open to all the household school-age children in guangzhou.As the director of guangzhou city bureau of education flexor sentinel say:"Need to correct a concept,There is no‘Authority kindergarten’the,Are all‘The public kindergarten in guangzhou’."

　　昔日机关公务人员专享、质优价廉的机关幼儿园学位，如今真的要“飞入寻常百姓家”了。如何飞？飞入谁家？教育部门介绍，这些学位将通过摇珠和电脑派位的方式向社会分配，如何摇珠，4月给出方案。根据改革目标，开放的比例2014年要达到80%，直到2016年实现90%的学位社会共享。

Civil servants enjoy only old organ/Inexpensive high-quality kindergarten degree of authority,Now really want to"Now fly into the nobodies' homestalls."the.How to fly?Flying into their house?Education department is introduced,These degrees by shaking bead and computer central allocation assigned to the society,How to shake the pearl,April is given solution.According to the reform of the target,Open the proportion will reach 80% in 2014,Until 2016, when 90% degree of social sharing.

现状 Status quo

在园幼儿总数35万人，其中约七成就读民办幼儿园 350000 people total in the kindergarten,Roughly seven achievements in private kindergartens

　　“谁不知道机关幼儿园质量又好，收费又低？可只招收公务员子女，普通人家孩子根本进不去，可机关幼儿园得到的财政补贴却一年比一年多，这还有公平可言吗？”广州市海珠区市民赖文琼的话，道出了大多数家长的心声。

"Who does not know authority kindergarten and good quality,Charge and low?To recruit civil servants children only,Ordinary families children can not to get in,Can authority kindergarten get subsidies but more than a year,There is fair?"Guangzhou zhuhai citizens Lai Wenqiong,Says the most parents of the heart.

　　新年伊始，这种状况终于要改变了。事实上，去年12月28日，《广州市属公办幼儿园管理体制改革实施方案》就已出炉，14个机关幼儿园的15个园区纳入改革范畴，进行招生制度改革。即解决历史遗留问题、理顺关系后逐步移交教育部门管理，同时分批向社会公开招生。

At the beginning of New Year,This situation is finally changed.In fact,,On December 28th of last year,[Guangzhou city public kindergarten management system reform implementation plan]Has been released,14 15 park authority kindergarten incorporated into the category of reform,Enrollment system reform.Solve the problems left over by history/After straightening out relations gradually handed over to the department of education management,At the same time partial to recruit students from the public.

　　“2013年将腾出约4900个学位面向全社会，虽然总量不大，但是通过改革真正给市民公开公正的机会。”广州市发展改革委副主任邓宏永表示，改革将告别从幼儿园就开始“拼爹”的状况。

"And will make about 2013, 4900 degree for the whole society,Although the total amount is not big,But through reform really open and fair opportunities for the public."Guangzhou Deng Hongyong deputy director of the national development and reform commission said,Reform will farewell from kindergarten began"Spell dad"The condition of the.

　　记者从教育部门得到一组数据：广州全市在园幼儿总数多达35万人，其中约七成在民办幼儿园就读。4900∶35万，一个简单的数字对比，就可以想见，下一步最难、最关键的就是分配问题。就这么点学位，要分配到几十万争夺者的手上，怎么保证公平？教育部门想到了一个最简单，看起来也是最公平的办法：摇珠。

Reporters from the department of education to get a set of data:As many as 350000 people total of guangzhou city in kindergarten,With about seventy percent in the private kindergarten.4900:350000,A simple digital contrast,You can want to see,The next step is the most difficult to/The key problem is distribution.Just a few degrees,To be assigned to the contender for the hundreds of thousands of hands,How to ensure fair?Education department came up with one of the most simple,That which is the most fair way:Shaking bead.

　　早在2011年，广州市番禺区就率先在区直属机关幼儿园、东城幼儿园、北城幼儿园等3所机关幼儿园试点，以摇珠派位的形式，拿出学位面向社会公开招生。当年5月12日，家住市桥的袁女士看到北城幼儿园小小班新生摇号入学的通知，抱着试一试的心态，带上户口簿为女儿报了名。考虑到报名人多，孩子又不是“内线生”，袁女士一开始没抱多大希望。5月23日，抽签结果公示了。袁女士意外地发现，女儿的号码出现在被抽中的名单里，成为了全小区唯一中签的幸运者。“付诸于运气，摇到的是幸运，摇不到的也无话可讲。我觉得这样挺公平的。”

As early as 2011,Guangzhou panyu district took the lead in the district departments directly under the kindergarten/Dongcheng kindergarten/Beicheng 3 trial authority kindergarten kindergarten, etc,In the form of wave bead central allocation,Take out open enrolment degree oriented society.That year, May 12,,Ms yuen see who lives in city bridge beicheng kindergarten class small new lottery admission notification,Hold try a state of mind,Erin: take residence booklet for her daughter.Considering the application,Children are not"The paint was born",Ms yuen at first didn't have much hope.On May 23,,The draw of the public.Ms yuen accidentally discovered,Daughter number appear in the randomly selected in the list,Lucky became the only window of the whole community."Put out of luck,Shake to is lucky,Couldn't shake the also have no words to speak.I think it's fair."

　　“拿出一部分学位向公众分配的办法虽然不可避免地引起了一些公务员的反对，不过还是稳步推行了。”番禺区教育局副局长李珈坦言，首年试点时，3所机关幼儿园提供了30%的学位向社会开放，2012年提升到40%，今年预计将达到50%。

"Take out part of the degree of distribution to the public while inevitably caused the opposition from some civil servants,But is still carried out steadily."Panyu district education bureau, deputy director li yoga said,The first year when the pilot,3 authority kindergarten provides 30% of the degree is open to the society,Up to 40% in 2012,This year is expected to reach 50%.

　　而在广州市层面，摇珠将从今年9月新学期开始。剩下30%的学位是否还在原来的公务员系统中分配？屈哨兵称，“不会乱来”，要考虑历史过程中形成的现实问题，跟幼儿园协商后，才能出台具体的方案。“但这30%绝对不会是一个漏洞！”

In guangzhou,Shaking bead will from the new school year begins in September.The remaining 30% of the degree is still in the original distribution among civil servants system?Flexor sentry said,"Don't fooling around",Formed in the historical process of reality to consider,After consultation with the kindergarten,To a specific solution."But it's 30% absolutely not a loophole!"

出路 A way out

逐步扩大公办园比例，让公共财政惠及每一个幼儿 Gradually expand the public garden,Let the public financial benefit every child

　　“今年只有4900个？”一直关注这条新闻的赖文琼，看了报纸后摇了摇头。在她看来，这么低的“中奖率”，自己摇到的可能性太低了。那1.23亿元的财政补助，就只能惠及摇中的那极少数人；而摇不中的则一点都享受不到，“这是不是一种新的不公平呢？”

"Only 4900 this year?"Lai Wenqiong always focus on the news,Shook his head after he read the newspaper.In her opinion,Such a low"Chance of",Roll to the possibility of too low.The $123 million worth of financial aid,Can only benefit the shakes of the very few people;Shake not the does not enjoy at all,"This is a new kind of unfair?"

　　事实的确如此，4900个学位在35万人中实在是九牛之一毛，那剩下来的孩子怎么办？目前的情况是，广州经过四方搜罗，公办幼儿园仍不到400家，吸收的学生也仅占适龄儿童的三成多。而根据广州市今年的财政预算，市财政拟安排学前教育经费4.33亿元，比去年增加0.33亿元。其中1.23亿元给了机关幼儿园；在剩下3.1亿元的学前教育专项经费中，又有2亿元是对公办幼儿园建设进行奖补，资助普惠性民办幼儿园的仅1亿元（剩余0.1亿元用来资助户籍家庭经济困难儿童、孤儿、残疾儿童和其他优抚对象接受普惠性学前教育）。也就是说，学前教育经费分配中的“公、民比”为3.23:1，与吸收的学生数完全“倒挂”。

That is indeed the case,4900 degree in 350000, is one of nine cattle hair,The left child?The situation is,After four quarters for guangzhou,The public kindergarten is still less than 400,Absorb more students also accounts for only thirty percent of school-age children.According to guangzhou this year's budget,The city government will arrange pre-school education funds of 433 million yuan,033 million yuan more than last year.123 million dollars to the authority of kindergarten;In the remaining 310 million yuan of preschool special education funds,Another 200 million yuan is the prize for public kindergarten construction by,Funding the universality private kindergarten only 100 million yuan(The remaining 010 million yuan to subsidize census register family economic difficult children/An orphan/Children with disabilities and other entitled groups to accept pratt &whitney preschool education).That is to say,The preschool education funds allocation"The male/People than"3.23:1,To absorb the number of students completely"Upside down".

　　尽管机关幼儿园有70%的学位面向社会招生，较之以前完全对内部职工子女进行招生的做法有了一个大的改进，但毕竟机关还有30%的传统权利。对此，广东省政府参事王则楚提出，这样有所偏重的财政投入，无疑还在维持着这些机关幼儿园的“重点”地位。这种不均衡的幼儿教育资源的存在，难免会让与学位挂钩的高昂“赞助费”屡禁不止，或死灰复燃。

Although organ kindergarten faces the society recruit students of degree was 70%,Compared with before completely to recruit students of internal worker children have a big improvement,But after all organs and 30% of the traditional rights.For this,Guangdong provincial government counselor king chu is put forward,Such a heavy financial investment,No doubt in maintaining the authority of kindergarten"Focus on"status.This kind of disequilibrium of preschool education resource,Inevitably to the high degree of"sponsorship"Banned repeatedly,Or the resurgence.

　　“公共财政对学前教育的支出，不仅应该负起责任，大幅增加投入，还应该不断追求公共财政对每一个孩子的支出均衡。”王则楚坚持认为，让所有的幼儿园都能在分类指导的价格下，在公共财政的支持下均衡地发展，让我们每个孩子都能得到基本相同的学前教育，才是公共财政在学前教育上努力的方向。“我们要在加大投入的基础上，坚决收回国有产权的住宅小区配套幼儿园，举办公办幼儿园，让小区居民直接得到学前教育的公共财政资助。我们要在逐步扩大公办幼儿园比例的同时，以学前教育券的形式，让每一个在民办幼儿园入读的幼儿都能得到公共财政的资助。”（本报记者 贺林平）

"Public finance spending on preschool education,Not only should take responsibility,Sharp increase in,Should also continuously the pursuit of public finance expenditure balance for each child."King chu insisted,Let all the kindergarten can be under the classified guidance price,With the support of public finance balanced development,Let every child can get the same basic pre-school education,Is the diligent direction of the public finances on pre-school education."We need to increase investment on the basis of,Residential area supporting kindergarten firmly back state-owned property rights,Held public kindergarten,Let the community residents directly to get the public finances of the preschool education funding.We need to gradually expand the public kindergarten ratio at the same time,In the form of the pre-primary education voucher,Let each and every one in private kindergartens in young children can get a grant from the public finances."(Our reporter Lin Ping)