人民日报报道总部设在巴黎的经济发展与合作组织2月11日发布了一份教育报告，报告在对74个国家和经济体的学生学业表现和公平入学的相关数据进行打分和对比后发现，中国的一些大城市，例如上海和香港，不论是学生学业表现，还是就学公平方面都名列前茅。而包括美国、英国、法国、德国在内的一些西方国家，尽管学生学业表现处于高水平，就学公平性的得分却相对较低。

The People's Daily reported the paris-based organization for economic cooperation and development and on February 11, released a report education,Reports on 74 countries and economies in the students' academic performance and fair access data on scores and found after comparison,Some big cities in China,Such as Shanghai and Hong Kong,Whether a student's academic performance,Or go to school fair is leading the way., including the United States/The UK/The French/Some western countries, including Germany,Although students academic performance at a high level,Scored relatively low educational fairness.

　　报告说，世界上还没有哪一个国家能够做到建立完全公平的教育环境，让出身背景不同的学生接受同等质量的教育。因此，出身背景与学业表现之间存在一定的关联度。以经合组织国家为例，在对这些国家学生的阅读能力和社会背景打分后显示，出身于较低社会和经济背景的学生的阅读能力被定义为“差”的几率是出身条件较好学生的两倍，两者之间存在超过两年的教育差距。

Report says,No one country in the world can do to establish completely fair education environment,Have students from different backgrounds and receive the same quality of education.so,There are certain correlation between the background and academic performance.In oecd countries, for example,In the reading ability of students and social background of these countries score after the show,From lower social and economic background of the student's reading ability is defined as"poor"Likely to be twice the born condition good students,The education gap exists between more than two years.

　　但是，该报告的评比结果显示，社会背景和学业表现的关系并非完全无法打破。在评分榜上，中国上海、香港，以及芬兰、韩国、加拿大、日本等国家和地区学生的学业表现(以阅读能力为例)和教育公平这两个指标都名列前茅，高于经合组织国家平均值。其他国家两者兼顾的能力较为逊色，例如在英国、法国、德国和美国等一些发达国家，学生学业表现高于平均值，但教育公平性却低于平均值。

but,The comparison results show that the report,The relationship between the social background and academic performance is not completely unable to break.On the score list,Shanghai, China/In Hong Kong,As well as in Finland/In South Korea/Canada/Japan and other countries and regions of the students' academic performance(Ability to read, for example)And education fair the two measures are leading the way,Higher than the average in oecd countries.The ability of other countries to both relatively inferior,For example, in the UK/The French/In some developed countries such as Germany and the United States,Students' academic performance is above average,But it is lower than the average education fairness.

　　经合组织教育部门的主管施莱歇尔对本报记者说，上海和香港在促进教育公平、提高教育质量方面的出色表现得益于行之有效的政策和分配较为均衡的教育资源。

The organisation for economic co-operation and development, director of the education department schleicher said to our reporter,Shanghai and Hong Kong in promoting education fair/Raising the quality of education performance benefits from effective policy and allocation more balanced education resources.

　　他说，目前在一些西方国家，例如英国，教育资源分化、教育不平等已经成为一个大障碍。“教育领域的贫富分化非常严重。”他说，“整个社会对人的要求提高了，这对没有条件接受良好教育的学生非常不利。”

He said,In some western countries at present,Such as the UK,Differentiation of education resources/Education has become a big obstacle to inequality."The gap between rich and poor is very severe in the field of education."He said,"The whole social demand for people to improve,It in no condition to accept good education students at a disadvantage."

　　英国教育公平性低，首先源自根深蒂固的社会不公。英国是全球唯一的还保留贵族身份世袭制的国家。英国从中学开始就设有私立寄宿制贵族学校，如著名的伊顿公学、哈罗公学等。大学同样有精英名校与普通大学之分。据英国广播公司报道，去年11月，由英国教育慈善机构萨顿信托所做的一份调查发现，有31%的英国精英阶层是牛津或剑桥的毕业生。

The education fairness is low,First of all from entrenched social injustice.The UK is the world's only retain hereditary noble identity.Start from high school with private British boarding school,Such as the famous eton college/Harrow school, etc..University also has the branch of elite schools and ordinary university.The BBC reported,In November last year,By the Sutton trust education charity have done a survey found,31% of the British elite was a graduate of Oxford or Cambridge.

　　其次是经济的原因。长期以来，英国大学学费昂贵，近年来仍在不断攀升。3年的大学学费要花掉约3万英镑，这个数字显然非一般家庭所能提供。因为英国就业者一般年收入中位数只有约两万英镑。有调查显示，超过一半的公立中学教师不会鼓励本校优秀学生报考名校，因为在他们看来，那些名牌大学主要是由私立寄宿学校的毕业生报考的。

Second is the cause of the economic.For a long time,British university tuition fees,In recent years is still rising.Three years of university tuition would cost about 30000 pounds,This figure clearly not ordinary family can provide.Because the British workers earn a median is only around twenty thousand pounds.Have a survey,More than half of the outstanding students from public high school teachers do not encourage the university,Because in their view,Those famous universities mainly by private boarding school graduates enter oneself for an examination.

　　近年，因为经济衰退，为紧缩财政开支，英政府又在对公立学校进行市场化和商业化改造，引起师生强烈不满，大学教师甚至成立了“保卫英国大学协会”与政府抗争。

In recent years,Because of the recession,For fiscal spending,The British government and marketization and commercialization reform in public schools,Caused strong dissatisfaction with the teachers and students,University teachers and even set up"Defend the association of British universities"Fight with the government.

　　经合组织的报告认为，正确有效的政策和实践可以在短时间内改变一个国家和地区的教育公平状况。教育公平政策的目的是要让每一个学生能在相同的平台上开展竞赛，尽管出身环境让一些学生一开始落后了，无法享受到其他学生享有的优越条件，但政府和教育系统应该为他们创造更多的后天机会。(本报驻法国记者 崔 悦 本报驻英国记者 李文云)

The oecd report said,Correct and effective policies and practices can change in a short time to a national and regional education fair.Fair education policy's purpose is to let every student can on the same platform to carry out the competition,Despite the birth environment let some students start falling behind,Unable to enjoy the advantages of the other students have,But the government and the education system should create more opportunities for the day after tomorrow for them.(This newspaper's reporter cui yue to France this newspaper's reporter Li Wenyun to Britain)