1月23日晚，黑龙江省哈尔滨市下了一场大雪。24日早上，气温降到零下28℃。在哈尔滨民生路口，记者见到了带着厚厚口罩，正在低头清雪的小李。硕士毕业的小李，2012年10月通过公开招聘，成为哈尔滨拥有事业编制的环卫工。那次面向社会公开招聘的457个环卫工勤岗位，一共引来了11539个报名者。进入最终竞争的7186人中，约3000人拥有本科学历，还有29名硕士生，一个参与竞争的研究生声称“死也要死在体制内”。

Late on Tuesday.,Of snow in Harbin in heilongjiang province.24 in the morning,The temperature drop to minus 28 ℃.Minsheng road in Harbin,Reporters saw with thick mask,Xiao li is clear of snow.Master degree of xiao li,In October 2012 through open recruitment,Become Harbin municipal workers with business establishment.The faces the society open recruitment of 457 sanitation those logistics positions,A total of attracted 11539 applicants.Of the 7186 people entered the final competition,About 3000 people with bachelor degree,There are 29 master,A graduate claims that participate in the competition"Die die within the system".

　　 “研究生争当环卫工”一时成为舆论热点。

"Graduate student to be workers"At that time become the hot spots of public opinion.

研究生环卫工：编制对我们来说意味着保障 Graduate student workers:Preparation means the guarantee for us

　　 研究生为什么要争当环卫工？招收本科生和研究生当环卫工是不是“人才高消费”？带着人们关心的这些问题，记者走近了“研究生环卫工”小李。

Why to be graduate student workers?Recruit undergraduate and graduate student is when workers"Talent high consumption"?With a people care about these problems,Reporter approached the"Graduate student workers"Xiao li.

　　 “想过会这么累吗？”“想过，但还是和当初想的有些不一样。”“那有没有后悔？”“不后悔。我以前也做过别的工作，虽然体力上没有现在累，但是不知道哪天就没有工作了，心理压力大，没有安全感。这份工作让我有归属感，以后还有转到管理岗位的机会。”当记者问小李遇到熟人会不会觉得尴尬时，她摇摇头：“扫街也是为自己的家乡贡献力量，没什么丢人的。要是真在大街上碰到了熟人，我会坦然地打招呼。”

"Thought to be so tired?""Want to have,But still and thought some different.""So do you have any regret?""Don't regret.I've worked at other jobs,Although physically not tired now,But I don't know which day is no work,The psychological pressure big,Have no sense of security.This job let me have a sense of belonging,Future has a chance to turn into management positions."When a reporter asked xiao li meet acquaintances will not feel embarrassed,She shook her head:"Sweep the street and make contributions to their homeland,It's not a shame.If I met an acquaintance in the street,I will simply say "hello"."

　　 记者从哈尔滨市人力资源和社会保障局了解到，此次公开招聘的环卫工人具有事业编制，新进外地人员可落户哈尔滨市城区。录用后连续工作3年并且年度考核优秀者，还有机会转为本单位管理或专业技术岗位。

The reporter understands from Harbin city human resources and social security bureau,The open recruitment of sanitation workers have career preparation,New migrant workers can be settled in Harbin city.Hired after continuous work for 3 years and annual appraisal is outstanding person,Still have a chance to this unit management or professional and technical posts.

　　 谈及竞争“事业编制环卫工”的动机，毕业于黑龙江科技学院的小王说：“我以前找过几份工作，单位大都只签临时合同，有些单位连合同都不签，结果哪一份工作都做不长。”小王告诉记者，因为没有保险，有两次生大病住院花了很多钱，一分钱也没办法报销。“我也参加过几次公务员和其他事业单位的考试，竞争特别激烈，有些还有年龄限制，结果都没有考上。这次招聘事业编制的环卫工，对我来说是一次非常好的机会。”小王说。

When it comes to competition"Career preparation workers"The motives of the,Said wang, who graduated from heilongjiang institute of science and technology:"I am looking for a job before,Units are only sign a temporary contract,Some units don't sign the contract,Which job do not long results."Wang told reporters,Because there is no insurance,There are two secondary illness in hospital spent a lot of money,A penny didn't also the way to submit an expense account."I've been to a couple of civil servants and other public institutions of examination,Competition is particularly intense,Some have age restrictions,The results did not succeed.The workers for business establishment,Is a very good chance for me."Wang said.

　　 一位落选的研究生坦承“就是冲着编制来的”。他说，有没有编制所享有的福利待遇和社会保障差距很大，编制不仅意味着身份，还能带来户口、福利、教育、社会保障等许多方面的优待，在职称评审和个人发展等方面也有很大的优势。“有了编制，可以少奋斗很多年。”

Graduate student admits a lost the election"Is for preparation".He said,Have prepared to welfare and social security enjoyed by gap is very big,Preparation means not only identity,Also can lead to account/welfare/education/The preferential treatment of social security and many other aspects,In terms of professional and personal development also has a great advantage."With the establishment,Can be less struggle for many years."

用人单位：环卫队伍需要技能化专业化 Unit of choose and employ persons:Sanitation team need JiNengHua specialization

　　 哈尔滨市容环境卫生管理办公室并不认为招聘研究生当环卫工是“人才高消费”。办公室副主任孙明磊告诉记者，哈尔滨市的保洁面积有5000多万平方米，主要街道的机械化作业率超过了50%，清雪的机械化率超过了60%，但现在的环卫作业队伍文化偏低、技术岗位作业人员严重不足；年龄偏大，60岁以上的占60%左右。“发展现代环卫需要尽快建设一支年轻化、技能化、专业化的环卫队伍。”孙明磊说，“我们最后实际招聘的448名环卫工，都是一线的清扫员、汽车驾驶员和汽车维修员三类岗位，所以要求报考者具有大专以上学历。”

Harbin city's appearance environment health management office does not think when workers are recruiting graduate students"Talent high consumption".Vice director of office of Sun Minglei told reporters,Harbin city of cleaning area of more than 5000 square meters,Main street of the mechanized operation efficiency over 50%,The mechanization of clear snow rate more than 60%,But now the sanitation operations team culture is low/Technical positions and serious shortage of workers;older,About 60% over the age of 60."Development of modern sanitation needs to build a younger as soon as possible/JiNengHua/Professional team of sanitation."Sun Minglei said,"We finally actual hiring 448 workers,Is a clearing member of the line/Car driver and three types of vehicle maintenance member post,So requirements candidates have college degree or above."

　　 孙明磊告诉记者，本次公开招聘严格执行哈尔滨市人力资源和社会保障局规定的报名、资格审查、笔试、面试、体检、审核、培训等一系列环节，就是希望招到真正的人才，真正实现学以致用、人尽其才。对于这批新招人员，哈尔滨市容环境卫生管理办公室将先进行3年岗位训练，然后逐步培养他们走上管理岗位。

Sun Minglei told reporters,The open recruitment of strict enforcement of Harbin city human resources and social security bureau regulation for registration/Verification of the qualification/The written test/The interview/A medical/audit/A series of links such as training,Just want to real talent,True knowledge/Develop people.For this batch of new hires,Harbin city's appearance environment health management office will be 3 years post training first,And gradually to cultivate them to management positions.

　　 “这次共有29名研究生报名，最终只有7名竞聘成功，这也说明我们真正看重的不是学历，而是能力。”孙明磊说，这个冬天是这批新环卫工面临的第一个考验。

"The total of 29 graduate applications,Only seven of the competitors succeed finally,It also suggests that we really value is not degree,But the ability to."Sun Minglei said,This winter is the first test of this batch of new workers.

　　 如何让高学历转化为真能力？孙明磊认为，只有拥有一线清扫经验，才能更好地从事环卫管理工作；只有做过基层环卫工作，才能懂得基层环卫工人真正需要的是什么，今后为环卫事业发展和环卫队伍建设出谋划策，从而促进环卫事业健康稳定地发展。

How to make higher education into a true capacity?Sun Minglei think,Only has a line cleaning experience,They can better work in the sanitation management;Only do basic sanitation work,Can understand basic sanitation workers really need is what,And sanitation construction for sanitation career development in the future,Thus promotes sanitation enterprise healthy and steady development.

“体制内”成为高校毕业生首选 "Within the system"Be preferred in college graduates

　　 公务员、事业编制等“体制内”职业，近年来已成为高校毕业生的首选。

Civil servants/Career preparation, etc."Within the system"professional,In recent years has become the first choice of the graduates.

　　 一名正在保险企业实习的研究生告诉记者，这家企业“编内”和“编外”待遇差距很大。不光是医保、住房公积金、年终奖金等福利完全不同，同一岗位的“编内”员工和“编外”员工，工资收入也相差很多。这位研究生表示，单位不能给予“编内”身份，他肯定会重新找工作。

An is insurance company internship student told reporters,The company"In staff"and"side"Pay gap is very big.Not only is the health care/The public accumulation fund for housing construction/Entirely different year-end bonus and other benefits,The same position"In staff"Employees and"side"employees,Wages also vary a lot.The graduate student said,Units can't provide"In staff"identity,He would have to find a job.

　　 “从去年11月到现在，我已经参加了4家单位的面试，但都没有签约，要么是待遇太差，要么是没有编制。我的理想是进大型国企，但现在看起来很难。”黑龙江大学应届毕业研究生小刘说。

"From November last year to now,I have attended the interview four units,But didn't sign up,Either the poor treatment,There is no preparation or.My ideal is to large state-owned enterprises,But now it seems very difficult."Heilongjiang university fresh graduate student xiao liu said.

　　 正在一个政府部门实习的研究生小李告诉记者，公务员一直是自己的第一选择，他的大部分同学也在准备公务员考试，大家都希望毕业后能拥有一个正式编制，“即便是去扫大街”。“在我实习的这个单位，公务员干着最清闲的工作，却拿着非常高的工资。那些没有编制的合同工，干着最累、最苦的工作，每个月却只有1000多块，这个差距太大了。”小李说。

Is a government internship student xiao li told reporters,Civil servants have been their first choice,Most of his classmates in preparation for civil service exam,Everyone hope after graduation can have a formal establishment,"Even sweep the street"."This unit in my internship,Civil servants with least busy work,But with a very high salary.Those who do not prepare contract,Doing the most tiring/The most hard work,Only more than 1000 pieces per month,The gap is too big."Xiao li said.

　　 有统计显示，自2009年以来，每年参加公务员考试的人数超过100万，2013年更是达到了156万人，最热岗位的考录比竟然达到了令人咋舌的8436∶1。除了公务员队伍，央企和事业单位也成了热门，大学生对户口、稳定、福利的追求已经远远超过了他们对创新和创造的激情，这对社会长远发展是不利的，要通过改革来解决。

There are statistics show that,Since 2009,Attend officeholder exam of more than 1 million people every year,In 2013 to 1.56 million,Hottest jobs substantially better than actually reached a staggering 8436:1.In addition to civil servants,State-owned enterprises and institutions also became popular,College students to registered permanent residence/stable/The pursuit of benefits has been far more than their passion for innovation and creativity,This is unfavorable to social long-term development,Through reform to solve.

　　 记者采访时发现，“编制诱惑”几乎无处不在。“我做环卫工人快20年了，是我们作业队里唯一的在编员工，这是让我唯一欣慰的地方。我一直忘不了一个60多岁的临时工，扫了几十年地，扫不动了，又回农村继续种地去了。”一名不愿透露姓名的环卫工人如此感叹。(本报特约记者 朱伟华 张士英)

Reporters found,"Prepare the temptation"Almost everywhere."I do sanitation workers nearly 20 years,Only enrolled employees is our operation team,This is a place for my only joy.I always forget a temporary workers more than 60 years old,Sweep for decades,And did not move,Rural farm the land continue to go back again."An unnamed sanitation workers said.(Our special correspondent Zhu Weihua Zhang Shiying)