宋 嵩绘 Song song painting

　　日前，中国文字著作权协会为会员撑腰，将对人民教育出版社等提起诉讼，理由是出版社在教辅类图书中未经授权使用作品，并拒绝支付稿酬。一触即发的官司，不仅喊出“为作家讨薪”的口号，也将作品版权的利益纷争，再次推入公众视野。

recently,Member of Chinese text copyright association for backing,Will be a civil lawsuit against people's education press, etc,The reason is that press unauthorized use of works in the teaching books,And refused to pay royalties.Imminent lawsuits,Not only shout out"Writer for the unpaid"The slogan of the,The interests of the copyright of the work will be disputes,Once again into public view.

　　从稿费标准到授权证明，从操作流程到付费诚意，双方针锋相对、各执一词。透过侵权之争的硝烟，暴露出整个教辅市场随意摘引、先斩后奏、欠费泛滥的侵权乱象。取证难、成本高、赔付低，这“三座大山”更让权利人维权无门、徒叹奈何。文著协与出版社的博弈，谁能笑到最后？面对禁而不绝的侵权痼疾，我们何时能看到治愈的曙光？

From the standard rates to the authorization certificate,To pay the sincerity from the operating process,The two sides tit for tat/divided.Through the tort of the smoke,Exposed the revising market quoting at will/acting/Owe the rampant infringement mess.Evidence is difficult/The high cost/Pay is low,this"Three mountain"More let the holder of the rights to/ACTS teeth.The association with the press of the game,Who can the last laugh?In the face of time and of tort ills,When we can see the dawn of the cure?

　　编者

The editor

争议 controversy

文著协指责对方故意欠费，人教社要求先出示授权证明 The union accused the other of deliberately owe fee,Required to show proof of authorization pep

　　在业内人士看来，文著协与出版社的这场官司，冲突的焦点在于“授权”。

It seems to the personage inside course of study,Association with the press of the case,The focus of conflict"authorization".

　　据介绍，在著作权法中，教科书和教辅书有明显区别。教科书刊登作品享有“法定许可”，即可以不经过著作权人的允许，先选用再付费。与之不同，包括教师用书在内的教辅类图书不属于“法定许可”的范畴，即必须事先获得作者的授权，约定稿费标准后，才能编写和出版。

According to introducing,In the copyright law,Textbooks and teaching assistant books have obvious difference.Textbooks published works"Legal license",Which can be without the permission of the copyright owner,Choose first, then pay.With the different,Teaching assistant books, including teachers' book, do not belong to"Legal license"The category of,That must be prior to obtain the authorization of the author,After agreed the payment standard,Can write and published.

　　“以人民教育出版社为例，其20余种教辅选用老舍作品56篇，选用台湾作家刘墉的作品15篇，经舒乙和刘墉确认，均未获得他们的授权。”文著协总干事张洪波说，目前，包括舒乙和刘墉在内的一些作家已经明确全权授权文著协帮助他们处理被教辅侵权的问题。替这些作家追索稿费，则是文著协更直接的任务。

"With people's education press as an example,Its more than 20 species of teaching assistant selects the works of Lao she 56 articles,Choose 15 Taiwan writer liu yong's works,Confirmed by the ShuYi and liu2 yong,Did not get their authorization."The association director general Mr Zhang said,At present,Including ShuYi and liu2 yong, some writers have made it clear that full authority, the association to help them deal with the problem by revising tort.For these writers claim the payment,Is the association more immediate task.

　　不过，对于故意欠费的指控，人教社却大声叫屈。“我们不是不愿意付钱，而是一直没有作家的联系方式，只能通过文著协这样的平台支付稿费。”人教社版权部主任张晓梅说，“但文著协必须先取得作家的授权，否则，即使我们支付了稿费，作家本人一样可以向我们要钱。可文著协一直不愿意向我们提供授权证明。”她甚至认为，文著协这个平台已经失去了应有作用，“我们最近一直试图直接联系作家，发放稿费”。

but,To deliberately owe fee charges,Pep is loud cry foul."We are not not willing to pay for it,But haven't had the writer's contact information,Only through the association of this platform to pay the payment."Copyright, director of pep Zhang Xiaomei said,"But the association must first obtain the authorization of author,otherwise,Even if we paid the payment,Writer himself can ask us for money.But, the association has been reluctant to provide authorization certificate to us."She even think that,Article of association, the platform has lost its due role,"We have been trying to contact writer,Paid the payment".

　　从表面看，一方追讨稿费，一方愿意买单，争议之处不过在于是否提供授权证明。但张洪波却认为，人教社的说法只是托辞。“我们一直都把会员信息放在网站上，真假很容易查到。至于作家与我们签订的授权合同，属于保密文件，出版社没有权利要求我们出示。到他们真正支付稿费时，我们自然会提供相关证明。”

On the surface,A party claiming the payment,One party is willing to pay,But is the controversy whether provide authorization certificate.But Mr Zhang says,The only excuse pep."We have always placed the member information website,It is very easy to find.As for the author the authorization contract signed with us,Belong to confidential documents,Publishing house had no right to ask to see our.Really pay the payment to them,We will provide the relevant certificate."

　　张洪波还透露，他曾经向某出版社提供过一部分会员的授权证明，结果发现这家出版社背地里怂恿作家退出文著协、由他们直接发稿费，这样就可以省下向文著协缴纳的管理费。

Mr Zhang said,He once told a press part of the members of the authorization certificate,Found that the publishing house secretly egged writers out of the association/By them to send the payment directly,So you can save the XiangWenZhu association of pay management fee.

稿酬 remuneration

出版社按千字30至100元付费，低价让文著协难以接受 Press pay by thousand words between 30 and 100 yuan,Low prices for the association, it is very difficult to accept

　　文著协和出版社的争议，其实不只是授权。对于稿酬支付的标准，双方也难以达成一致。

Article union press,Actually not only authorization.To pay remuneration standards,The two sides could not agree on.

　　据了解，人教社确实曾通过文著协给作者发过稿费。而他们依据的标准是国家版权局1999年制定出台的《出版文字作品报酬规定》原创作品每千字30元至100元。只是这样的价钱，让文著协难以接受。

We have learned,Pep did by the association to author had sent the payment.And they are according to the standard of national copyright administration worked out in 1999[Published writings compensation rules]Original work 30 yuan to 100 yuan per thousand words.Just like the price,Let the association, it is very difficult to accept.

　　“按照法律规定，教辅书选用作品，应该与作者协商稿费。人教社不仅没有协商，在事发后还坚持只按照与教科书同样的低标准来付费，这不合法也不合理。”张洪波说。

"In accordance with the law,AIDS is chosen,Should negotiate the payment with the author.Not only failed to negotiate pep,Persist in only after the incident in accordance with the same low standards and textbooks to pay,It's not legally it is not reasonable."Mr Zhang said.

　　若事先约定，作者是否愿意以如此低的价格授权出版社使用作品呢？在张洪波看来，这毕竟是未知数，出版社只谈他们愿意支付稿费，争议支付标准，“这是避重就轻”。

If agreed upon in advance,The author whether willing to authorize press use works at such a low price?It seems to take,It is not clear,Press only talk about they are willing to pay the payment,Dispute payment standard,"This is the brief".

　　但张晓梅不认同这个观点，认为稿酬虽低，却符合标准。《中华人民共和国著作权法》第二十七条规定，使用作品付酬标准可以由当事人约定，约定不明确的，按有关部门制定的付酬标准执行。“文著协指出的属于约定不明确的作品，我们支付100元每千字，已经是按规定的最高标准在执行。”

But Zhang Xiaomei disagree with this view,Think price is low,Is conform to the standard.[The copyright law of the People's Republic of China]Article 27 of the rules,Use of works of remuneration may be agreed by the parties,The agreement is ambiguous,According to the relevant departments of remuneration."The association, points out the contract not clear,We pay 100 dollars per thousand words,Is in accordance with the provisions of the highest standard in execution."

乱象 mess

教辅市场侵权泛滥，知情和取证成维权两大路障 Infringement of revising the market,Knowledge and evidence into two major roadblocks to protect their rights

　　在教辅市场，闹上法庭的侵权之争只是“冰山一角”，其背后隐藏的诸多侵权乱象更为严重。翻开市场上琳琅满目的各类教辅图书，有的选用整篇文章，有的摘引文章片段，有的进行随意删改。选用片段的，大都没有出处、没有篇名、没有署名，而被删减和修改过的文章也通常没有注明。

In the teaching market,Infringement dispute is only in court"The tip of the iceberg",Many infringement mess behind its more serious.Open the market on a wide variety of all kinds of teaching books,Selects the entire article,Some quotation of paper clips,Some random censored.Choose pieces of,Mostly no origin/No article/No signature,Was cut and the modified articles are usually not indicated.

　　“如今教辅市场比较乱，而且大多是一些民营企业在做。很多出版社都会与民营图书公司合作，只提供出版书号，根本不管内容。而这些民营公司几乎不可能去考虑作者的版权问题。”清华大学法学院副教授吴伟光坦言。

"Now teaching auxiliary market is messy,And are mostly doing some private enterprises.Many press will cooperate with private book company,Provide only published book number,Fundamental regardless of the content.And these private companies is almost impossible to consider the author's copyright issues."Associate professor, school of law, tsinghua university Wu Weiguang admits.

　　即使作者想要讨回公道，知情和取证成为横亘在维权路上的两大障碍。据业内人士介绍，目前市场上的各类教辅太多，作者不可能一一排查，如果出版社不主动通知，作者很难知道自己的作品被使用。而从发行渠道上看，如今很多教辅都有专门的渠道销售，根本不会在书店出现。因此，除了专业机构，一般的作者很难找到自己作品被侵权的证据。

Even if the author wants to justice,Informed and forensics become two big obstacles that stand in way to protect their rights.According to the personage inside course of study,Currently on the market all kinds of teaching very much,The author can't one by one,If the press does not take the initiative to inform,The author used is difficult to know his work.And from the point of view of distribution channels,Now a lot of teaching assistants have special channel sales,Don't appear at the bookshop.so,In addition to professional organizations,Generally it is difficult to find the author of his work is evidence of infringement.

　　更普遍的情况是，由于版权观念淡薄，很多作者根本没有维权的意识。据说，随着《教科书使用作品支付报酬办法》（意见征求稿）的出台，很多人才第一次知道，原来教科书的选文并不是“免费的午餐”。但实际上，早在1990年著作权法诞生时，教科书使用作品就已不再免费。至于教科书与教辅的权益差异，更是极少有人明了。

More generally,As a result of a weak concept of copyright,Many authors have no awareness of rights protection.It is said that,Along with the[Textbooks used payment method](Comment draft)Come on stage,Many people know the first time,The original textbooks of selected article is not"As a free lunch".But in fact,As early as in the copyright law is born in 1990,Use work was no longer free textbooks.As to the rights and interests of textbooks and teaching,But very few people understood.

　　高昂的维权成本，也让很多作者望而却步。即使知道自己的作品被侵权使用，相比于赔付极低的稿费，与出版单位纠缠所花费的精力显然“得不偿失”。

High costs for protection of rights,Also let many authors.Even if they know their work is used by tort,Compared to the pay a very low price,With the publishing unit of spent energy obviously"Do more harm than good".

追责 Held accountable

侵权成本低维权成本高，利益诱惑让出版社无视严规 Tort low cost high cost of safeguarding rights,Let the press ignore YanGui interests temptation

　　选择对簿公堂，被张洪波视为无奈之举。据介绍，此前文著协已经与人教社方面进行了长时间的交涉，却遭到重重阻碍。“诉讼并不是目的，也不是解决问题之道。我们是希望以此唤起各出版社的重视。”张洪波说，“在遵守法律规定的前提下，与我们合作其实对出版社是有好处的。这可以降低他们获得作者授权的成本。”

Choose in court,Be take as a helpless.According to introducing,Previously, the association has a long and pep representations,It was in many obstacles."Litigation is not a purpose,Also is not a way to solve the problem.We are hoping to arouse the press attention."Mr Zhang said,"On the premise of abide by the laws and regulations,To cooperate with us for press is good actually.This can reduce the cost of they get authorization."

　　相较于与作者一一交涉，集中通过文著协这样的组织获得授权，确实可以节省大量的时间与精力，保证出版时效。然而，在一些出版社看来，彻底绕过作者的“成本”会更低，获得的经济利益也要大得多。即使一些作者发现了侵权，也可能嫌麻烦而懒得“扯皮”、放弃维权。这样的诱惑，让很多出版社无视严规。

Compared with the author representations,Concentration by article of association, such authorized organization,Really can save a lot of time and energy,Ensure that published time.however,It seems to some press,Completely bypass the author"The cost"Will be lower,Get economic interests are much larger.Even though some authors found infringement,May also have trouble and bother"wrangling"/Give up rights.Such a temptation,Make a lot of press ignore YanGui.

　　“按照目前的法律，侵权成本太低而维权成本太高。”吴伟光指出，“即使像文著协这样将侵权案例集中提起诉讼，相对个人提起诉讼，也只能节省一些诉讼成本，能获得的赔偿仍然很有限。”

"According to the current law,Tort low costs and the cost of rights is too high."Wu Weiguang pointed out,"Even if like, the association will infringement lawsuit case,Relative to individual lawsuits,Also can save some costs,Can obtain the compensation is still very limited."

　　而在追责方面,也存在不小的漏洞。“目前中国的著作权法没有惩罚性标准，只有‘填平性’标准，还停留在‘差多少补多少’的阶段。”华东师范大学教授王迁指出，这与发达国家存在不小差距。在美国，故意侵权的法定赔偿额最高可达每部作品15万美元，如果损失巨大且证据充足，法院还可判决侵权者按实际损失数额赔偿，还要赔上因此获得的利益。

In respect of liability,There are no small holes."China's copyright law at present the punitive standard,only‘Fill and level up sex’standard,Still stay in‘How much difference how many’The stage of."East China normal university professor David llewelyn pointed out,This existence not small disparity with the developed countries.In the United States,Intentional tort's legal compensation up to each $150000,If the loss is huge and sufficient evidence,Court can also be an infringer amount according to the actual loss compensation,Also on the interests of the gain.

　　“我国著作权法正在进行第三次修订，提高了法定赔偿标准，增加了惩罚性赔偿的规定。如果能够顺利实施，这将是著作权保护的一大进步。”王迁说。(记者 周飞亚)

"Copyright law in our country is a third revision,To improve the legal compensation standard,Increase the punitive damages.If you can smooth implementation,This will be a big step forward for the protection of."The king said to move.(Reporter weeks fiat)