各自主招生院校要想让自己的招考在专业、公平的前提下选拔出有创新潜能的人，关键是由行政主导的自主考试模式向专业主导的自主考试模式转换。

The independent recruitment of students colleges and universities to make their own enrollment in professional/Under the premise of fair selection out of the creative potential,Key is dominated by the administrative mode of independent exam to professional leading independent examination mode conversion.

　　近期，一些高校自主招生面试中“神题”频现，让公众称奇，不少媒体也对此发表了评论。笔者认为，对于“神题”产生的深层次原因，仍有追问的必要。

The recent,Some of the university autonomous recruitment interview"God question"The frequency is,Allow the public to surprise,Some media published a comment too.The author thinks that,for"God question"The deep-seated reasons of produce,Is necessary to ask.

　　出现“神题”的根本原因在于，当下的高校自主招生考试虽然自主，却不够专业。中国高校自主招生已走过10年历程，却始终是计划招生体制下的一个小口径的自主。同时，由于大学的行政化管理体制依旧，高校自主招生在评价、管理、规范、程序等方面发育不良，要么步子跨得过大或过小，要么跨的方向不对。“神题”便是高校自主招生在自主有限、专业不够状态下的自然外显。

appear"God question"The root cause,Although the present university independent recruitment of students test independently,Not enough professional.Chinese university autonomous recruitment has past 10 years,But is always plan a small autonomous enrollment system.At the same time,Because of the university security administration management system still,University independent recruitment of students in the evaluation/management/specification/Stunted growth program, etc,Steps across either too large or too small,Or across in the right direction."God question"Is the university independent recruitment of students in independent co., LTD/Professional nature of explicit enough condition.

　　“神题”出题人鼓励创新思维，考察应变能力的立意并没有错，从大方向上看是有利于让考生从应试圈子里跳出来的。然而，这些出题人由于没有相应的专业经历，无法通过专业的、可操作的、可评估的方式实现他们的立意，这才是自主招考人员遇到的真实难题。

"God question"People draw that encourage creative thinking,Study the conception of resilience and there is nothing wrong,Look from the general direction is to bring students from exam-oriented circle jump out.however,These questions because there is no corresponding professional experience,Through professional/operational/To evaluate the way of their conception,This is the independent recruitment personnel's real problem.

　　事实上，除了“神题”之外，现有的自主招生考试还存在其他问题，而多数问题都出在行政主导而非专业主导上。各自主招生院校要想让自己的招考在专业、公平的前提下选拔出有创新潜能的人，关键是由行政主导的自主考试模式向专业主导的自主考试模式转换。

In fact,,In addition to"God question"outside,Other problems existing in the independent recruitment of students test also,And most of its problems in the administration and non-professional dominated.The independent recruitment of students colleges and universities to make their own enrollment in professional/Under the premise of fair selection out of the creative potential,Key is dominated by the administrative mode of independent exam to professional leading independent examination mode conversion.

　　专业的考试意味着，考务的每一个岗位都应由专业人员承担，未获得相应岗位专业资质的人不得参与相应的考务工作；每一道程序都是专业的，逐一消除考试中各个环节的随意性；每一个细节以专业的标准和行为规范为依据，在遇到争议或不同意见时，用专业的标准判定是非，而不是依据行政指令行动。这才是减少差错、提高考试质量的大方向。在专业的考试中，无人掌握绝对的权力，考试过程中的各部分责任与权力有明细可操作的划分，专业人员有在其职责范围内不受任何行政权力干预的权力。主管部门和社会公众可以对考试过程进行有效的监督和问责，若不遵守这些规则，就要被踢出局。

The professional examination means,Examination of each post should be borne by the professionals,Who have not obtained corresponding post professional qualifications shall not participate in corresponding examination work;Every program is professional,One by one to eliminate the test the randomness of each part;Every detail is based on professional standards and norms,When faced with conflicts or different opinions,By the standards of the professional judge right from wrong,Rather than on the basis of administrative instruction action.This is to reduce errors/General direction to improve the quality of the exam.In the professional exam,There is no one to grasp the absolute power,Test in the process of each part of the responsibility and authority have detailed operable partition,Professionals are within the scope of their duties without interference by any administrative power of authority.Departments and the social public examination process can be effective oversight and accountability,If they do not abide by these rules,Will be kicked out.

　　归根结底，专业主导并非不要行政参与，但必须划清专业与行政的权力边界。唯有如此，高质量的自主招生考试才是可期的。（中国教育科学研究院研究员 储朝晖）

At the end of the day,Professional leading is not don't administrative participation,But it must be clear professional and administrative power boundaries.Only then,High quality of the independent admission examination is the issue.(Store from zhaohui, a researcher at the Chinese academy of education)