正在做试管婴儿的实验室。(受访医院提供) 正In the做试管婴儿的实验室.(Surveyed hospitals)

　　近日卫生部和总后勤部卫生部联合召开的有关会议上指出,目前辅助生殖技术服务市场出现非法销售促排卵药物、非法买卖卵子等混乱现象。不孕不育症如何规范治疗再度引发公众关注。目前不孕不育患者治疗的现状如何?不孕不育造成的主要原因是什么?试管婴儿是否可以大量推广使用……针对这些公众关注的焦点问题,记者近日采访了省内有关专家。

近日卫生部和总后勤部卫生部联合召开的有关会议上指出,The assisted reproductive technology service market appear stimulate ovulation drugs illegal sales/An egg chaos phenomenon such as illegal trade.Infertility treatment how to regulate again cause public attention.What is the status of the infertility patients treatment?What is the major cause of the infertility caused by?A large number of promotion test-tube baby whether can use……According to the focus of public attention problem,Reporter recently interviewed experts in the province.

　　

10对夫妇至少有1对不孕 10 couple at least 1 for infertility

　　“据有关数据显示,目前我国有育龄人群约2.3亿人,其中有近1000万不孕不育症患者,而且每年以数十万的速度递增。”山东大学附属生殖医院医务部主任唐蓉说,也就是说,我国每10对育龄夫妇中就有1对面临生育问题。但是据不完全统计,眼下不孕症患者的就诊率仍然很低,仅约为14%。

"据有关According to data,At present our country has reproductive population of about 230 million people,Among them有近1000万infertility不yukon症患者,And each year to increasing at the rate of hundreds of thousands."Director of reproductive hospital affiliated to shandong university medical department Tang Rong said,That is to say,我国每10对yukon龄夫妇In the就有1对面临生yukon问题.But according to incomplete statistics,JiuZhenLv infertility patients remains low at the moment,Only about 14%.

　　唐蓉说,不孕不育患者增多有多方面原因,主要和生育年龄推迟和不洁性行为、不恰当的人工流产或药物流产等增多有关,“值得强调的一点是现在年龄大、继发性不孕逐年增多,尤其是白领一族,年轻时忙着打拼事业,避孕或怀孕后人工流产,30岁以后甚至更晚才想到要孩子,可这时错过了最佳生育年龄,而且工作压力及迫切要孩子的心理压力也大,就会导致生育能力降低。”

Tang Rong said,Increased infertility patients for various reasons,Main and delayed childbearing age and feculent sexual behavior/Not appropriate increase in the number of induced abortion and drug abortion and so on,"值得强调的一点是现In the年龄大/Secondary infertility increases year by year,Especially white-collar gens,Young when busy career,Contraceptives or pregnancy after abortion,After 30 years of age or later to think of having children,But missed the best reproductive age,And the work pressure, and urgently want to child's psychological pressure also big,Will lead to lower fertility."

　　省中医生殖中心主任连方也表示,目前生育年龄推迟是不孕不育的重要原因,她说,“女性最佳的生育年龄在25岁到30岁之间,最迟可推迟到35岁前,但许多患者都超过了35岁。”

省In the医生殖In the心主任连方也表示,The reproductive age delay is an important cause of infertility,She said,"女性最佳的生yukon年龄In the25岁到30岁之间,The latest time can be postponed until before the age of 35,But many patients are more than 35 years old."

　　连方说,35岁后,卵巢功能开始衰退,卵子老化,子宫内膜异位症、盆腔炎等疾病发生几率增加,这些都可能导致不孕不育。“太晚生育还会增加婴儿畸形率,也会增加妊娠母亲的风险。”

连方说,After 35 years of age,Ovarian function decline,The egg aging,endometriosis/Increased risk of diseases such as pelvic inflammation occurs,All of these can lead to infertility."Too late baby will also increase the rate of birth defect,Also can increase the risk of pregnancy mother."

　　此外,环境污染、酗酒吸烟等也严重影响了男性精子的质量。“二三十年前,男性的精子量一般是6000万/毫升才合格,现在2000万/毫升就算是‘好汉’了。”已经从事生殖专业30年左右的连方感叹说,人类的繁衍能力有所下降。

In addition,Pollution of the environment/Drinking smoking also seriously affect the quality of the male sperm."Twenty or thirty years ago,Men's sperm quantity generally is 60 million/ml is qualified,现In the2000万/毫升就算是‘men’the."Has been engaged in reproductive professional even party exclamation said 30 years or so,The human reproductive capacity declined.

　　

不规范治疗将小病治成大病 Is not standard treatment ailment governance into a serious illness

　　“具体到每对夫妇不孕不育的原因可能千差万别。”山东省中医药大学第二附属医院生殖科主任孙伟介绍说,造成不孕不育的原因主要有几大类。一是卵子、精子生成类,二是输卵管、输精管障碍类,三是遗传造成的先天发育不足以及自身免疫因素等。

"Specific to each couple infertility may vary."山东省In the医药大学第二附属医院生殖科主任孙伟介绍说,The causes of infertility are mainly a few broad categories.One is the egg/Sperm production class,Second, the fallopian tubes/Vas deferens obstruction,Three is the result of a genetic congenital developmental deficiencies and immune factors and so on.

　　而具体到每项原因可能又有许多种致病因素。“比方女性的排卵障碍,很多因素都可以引起。”孙伟说,有些致使排卵障碍的原因在现在的科技条件下还查不清楚,“就像多囊卵巢,可能既有遗传因素,又有环境因素。”

而具体到每项原因可能又有许多种致病因素."For example women's ovulation obstacle,Many factors can cause."Sun said,有些致使Ovulation obstacle的原因In the现In the的科技条件下还查不清楚,"As polycystic ovary,Can be both genetic factors,And environmental factors."

　　尽管如此,她表示患者也不用担心。“其实有些病因查清楚了对治疗也起不到多大作用。”她继续以多囊卵巢为例说,经过染色体检查,可能会发现是哪段基因的问题,但这对治疗没有直接的帮助。“这种患者通过现在的干预手段完全可以要个孩子。”

尽管如此,She said the patients don't have to worry about."Actually cause find out some of the treatment is not much effect."She said continue in polycystic ovary, for example,After chromosome examination,May find that is a question of which genes,But this does not directly help to treatment."这种患者通过现In the的干预手段完全可以要个孩子."

　　“为了进一步规范我国不孕不育的诊断与治疗,我们山东大学附属生殖医院作为牵头单位,联系全国范围内的专家进行讨论、会审制定的《不孕(育)症诊断》国家卫生行业标准,已于2012年12月顺利通过了标准审查委员会的审批,有望近期发布推广应用。”唐蓉说,如何规范检查、诊断不孕不育,制定规范的治疗路径,是让患者少走弯路的关键。

"In order to further standardize the diagnosis and treatment of infertility in China,Our reproductive hospital affiliated to shandong university as the lead unit,Contact experts across the country are discussed/Came for[infertility(yukon)Disease diagnosis]The national health industry standards,Has been in December 2012, successfully passed the standard review committee for examination and approval,Application is expected to be released recently."Tang Rong said,How to standardize inspection/Diagnosis of infertility,To regulate the treatment path,Is the key to make patients less detours.

　　有不少不孕不育夫妇本来问题不大,但是由于进行了不规范的治疗会导致比较严重的后果。“比如有的女性卵巢问题,到有些医院后不经过仔细检查就上了手术台,在卵巢上打孔治疗,其实这种治疗很容易引起并发症,导致输卵管粘连等问题。”孙伟说,其实对于排卵障碍造成的不孕问题,中西医结合是个不错的办法,中药调理,西药促排。

有不少infertility不yukon夫妇本来问题不大,But due to the non-standard treatment can lead to serious consequences."Such as some women ovarian problem,To some hospitals do not carefully check is on the table,In the卵巢上打孔治疗,Actually this kind of treatment is easy to cause complications,Cause tubal adhesion, etc."Sun said,Actually to cause ovulation disorder infertility problems,In the西医结合是个不错的办法,In the药调理,Western medicine for row.

　　

目前看试管婴儿是健康的 At present the test-tube baby is healthy

　　虽然试管婴儿可以圆不少夫妇要孩子的梦,但也有不少不孕不育夫妇担心:“试管婴儿是不是自己的孩子?”“试管婴儿会不会不健康啊?”

虽然试管婴儿可以圆不少夫妇要孩子的梦,But there are also many infertile couples worry:"Test-tube baby is their children?""Test tube babies will be unhealthy?"

　　对此,唐蓉表示,在接诊中确实有许多患者存在这样的担心。她解释说,有资质进行辅助生殖技术的机构在做试管婴儿时,均严格执行卫生部的相关规范和规定,卫生行政部门也会定期对这些机构进行监督检查(校验),以保证实施该技术的安全性。

For this,Tang Rong said,In the接诊In the确实有许多患者存In the这样的担心.She explained that,有资质进行辅助生殖技术的机构In the做试管婴儿时,Are strictly implement the ministry of health of the relevant rules and regulations,Health administrative departments will also regularly for these institutions, when conducting supervision and inspection(check),To ensure the implementation of the technology of security.

　　对于试管婴儿是否健康,唐蓉说,诺贝尔奖颁给试管婴儿之父,这就说明了这项技术已经非常成熟,也是对试管婴儿的充分肯定。但这些技术应用的时间毕竟较短,是不是对婴儿一点影响都没有,她则表示还需要时间和相关研究来进一步检验。

对于试管婴儿是否健康,Tang Rong said,The father of the Nobel Prize awarded to test tube babies,This suggests that the technology is already very mature,Is also fully recognized for ivf.But, after all, the technology application time is shorter,Is for the baby a bit influence all have no,She said still need time to further test and related research.

　　唐蓉说,要做试管需要具备严格的临床症状,不是患者要求就会给他们做的。据介绍,卫生部人类辅助生殖技术规范规定,试管婴儿主要适用于女方因输卵管因素造成精子与卵子遇合困难；排卵障碍；子宫内膜异位症；男方少、弱精子症；免疫性不育等。

Tang Rong said,To do test tube requires strict clinical symptoms,Not patient demand will give them to do.According to introducing,The rules and regulations of the ministry of health of the human assisted reproductive technology,Ivf is mainly suitable for wife caused by tubal factor sperm and egg meet and get along well difficult;Ovulation obstacle;endometriosis;The man is less/Weak sperm;Immunity infertility, etc..

　　“患者二十七八岁时,如果不孕不育还可以用药治疗、观察效果,但如果是年龄大了,卵巢功能低下,还是应该尽早采取辅助生殖技术。”齐鲁医院不孕不育诊疗中心主任邓晓惠说,根据诊疗规范,对一些大龄患者,他们会适当放宽辅助生殖技术的指证,“女性35岁后,辅助生殖技术的成功率会下降,40岁以后成功率就比较低了。”

"At the age of patients was outstretched,If infertility can also drug treatment/Observe effect,But if the age is big,Ovarian function is low,Or should I take assisted reproductive technology as early as possible."齐鲁医院infertility不yukon诊疗In the心主任Deng Xiaohui said,According to the diagnosis and treatment norms,On some older patients,They can relax appropriately allegations of assisted reproductive technology,"Women after 35 years of age,The success rate of assisted reproductive technologies will fall,The success rate is lower after age 40."

　　对于患者关注的试管婴儿成功率,据唐蓉介绍,由于各个生殖中心的技术成熟度不同,成功率也会上下浮动,他们医院的成功率平均在50%左右,影响成功率的因素很多,其中关键的一点是年龄,年龄越大成功率越低。

对于患者关注的试管婴儿成功率,According to Tang Rong,由于各个生殖In the心的技术成熟度不同,Success rate is also under the floating at the meeting,他们医院的成功率平均In the50%左右,There are many factors which can affect the success rate,Among them关键的一点是年龄,The older the success rate is lower.

　　

为要双胞胎做试管婴儿不可取 To do test-tube baby twins is not desirable

　　在省城多家有资质的生殖辅助中心,记者看到,几乎每天都是人满为患。虽然大部分都是患有不孕不育的夫妻,但也有个别健康夫妻想通过试管婴儿怀个双胞胎。

In the省城多家有资质的生殖辅助In the心,The reporter sees,Almost every day is full.Although most of them are suffering from infertility couples,But there are also individual healthy couples want to test-tube baby twins.

　　“听说做试管婴儿能生双胞胎,所以想来问问。”在省中医生殖与遗传中心,记者碰到了来自聊城的张先生,“听亲戚朋友说,不少人做试管都怀上了双胞胎。”

"Heard that can do test-tube baby twins,So I want to ask."In the省In the医生殖与遗传In the心,Reporter met Mr. Zhang from liaocheng,"Listen to the relatives and friends,Many people do if are pregnant with twins."

　　对此,邓晓惠表示,她在门诊中也确实碰到过这样的患者,想通过这种方式来生双胞胎。

For this,Deng Xiaohui said,她In the门诊In the也确实碰到过这样的患者,Want to through this way to come the twins.

　　据悉,进行试管婴儿时为了受孕,一般规定35岁以下可放两个胚胎,35岁以上可以放三个胚胎。因此,试管婴儿的双胞胎比率确实要高于自然怀孕。

It is understood,During ivf to pregnancy,General provisions are to be released under 35 two embryos,More than 35 years old can put three embryos.so,Ivf twins ratio is higher than the natural pregnancy.

　　“但是,做试管婴儿并不是想做就能做,它有着严格的适应症。”邓晓惠说,对于那些企图通过这种方式生双胞胎的健康夫妇,是不会给他们做手术的。

"but,Do test tube babies are not want to do can do,It has strict indications."Deng Xiaohui said,For those who try to this way to the health of the twins,Won't give them for surgery.

　　其实对于不孕夫妇,专家也不鼓励怀双胞胎。“怀双胞胎其实有很大的风险。”唐蓉说,怀双胞胎容易造成早期流产、畸形儿,且婴儿死亡率、早产率都高。“双胞胎早产率要比单胞胎高10%,早产儿很容易伴随各种发育不全带来的疾病,而且要在温箱里呆很久,花费也很大。此外,生双胞胎也会增加母亲的危险,孕妇易患妊娠高血压、产后出血等。”（记者 李钢 郭静）

其实对于infertility夫妇,Experts also discourage pregnant with twins."Pregnant with twins, there are a lot of risk."Tang Rong said,Having twins is easy to cause miscarriage early/oaf,And the infant mortality rate/Preterm birth rates are high."Twin preterm birth rate is 10% higher than single births,Premature babies easily associated with various diseases brought by the hypoplasia,而且要In the温箱里呆很久,Cost is very big also.In addition,Twins will also increase the risk of mother,Pregnant women are susceptible to gestational hypertension/Postpartum hemorrhage, etc.."(The reporter Li Gang Guo Jing)