新生代劳动者正在成为劳动维权的主力军，他们主张权利积极，权利诉求也较中年劳动者更多、更细、更专业。日前，北京义联劳动法律援助与研究中心（下称“北京义联”）公开发布了《劳动维权现状分析与发展趋势预测研究报告》，报告在总结了北京义联成立5年来处理的4146个案例的基础上，归纳出了新生代劳动者的上述维权特征。

New generation is becoming the main force of labor rights of workers,They claim the positive,Also had a more middle-aged workers right to appeal/A finer/More professional.recently,Beijing righteousness labor legal aid and research centre(Hereinafter referred to as"Beijing righteousness al")The public release[Labor rights protection present situation analysis and development trend forecast report],Report in Beijing, summarizes the righteous league was established on the basis of treatment of 4146 cases in 5 years,Summed up the new characteristics of the rights of workers.

　　人力资源和社会保障部历年发布的《人力资源和社会保障事业发展统计公报》公布的数据显示，自2010年开始，全国劳动争议仲裁机构受理案件数量明显增加。《劳动合同法》、《劳动争议调解仲裁法》等对劳动者利好的法律法规相继颁布实施，使得劳动维权更具实现的可能，刺激了劳动者的维权意愿。

The ministry of human resources and social security released throughout the years[Human resources and social security development statistical bulletin]According to data released,Since 2010,The labor dispute arbitration institution accepts the case volume increased significantly.[Labor contract law]/[Labor dispute mediation arbitration law]On laborers for successively enacted laws and regulations,Makes the labor rights protection more implementation possible,Stimulate the worker's rights.

　　从2007年成立到2012年10月底，北京义联共处理法律援助申请4146件，为劳动者挽回各项经济损失1.38亿元。对于符合法律援助条件的申请者，北京义联在能力允许的情况下都尽量提供法律援助，因此，北京义联历年代理的法援案件数量，可以基本反映出劳动者向北京义联提出法援申请的情况。

From established in 2007 to 2007 at the end of October,Beijing righteousness which handle 4146 to apply for legal aid,For workers to save all the economic loss of 138 million yuan.Meet the conditions for legal aid applicants,Permission of Beijing justice reflects the ability to provide legal aid,so,Beijing legal aid cases righteousness al agent of calendar year,Can basically reflect the righteousness al laborer to Beijing to apply for legal aid.

　　根据申请的数据，排在第一的是劳动报酬争议，有50.09%的劳动者提出了此项请求，劳动报酬统计项含拖欠工资、克扣工资和加班费。劳动报酬争议排在首位，说明当前劳动者的权利保障仍处于较低水平，最基本的劳动报酬权都无法得到尊重和保障。加班费争议在整个劳动报酬争议中所占的比例较高，占该项的一半左右，说明加班却不支付加班工资的现象在劳动用工中较为常见。

According to the application data,The first of the list is labor compensation disputes,50.09% of workers put forward such a request,Labor remuneration covariance item unpaid wages/Withhold wages and overtime pay.Labor compensation disputes in the first place,Shows the current workers' rights is still at the lower level,The most basic right to labor remuneration can get respect and guarantee.Overtime disputes across the higher the proportion of labor compensation disputes,Accounts for about half of the,Overtime without pay overwork salary phenomenon is common in the workplace.

　　排在第二位的是劳动关系相关的争议，有近一半的申请人提出了此类请求。这是因为：一方面，劳动关系之争贯穿劳动争议的始终，其成立是其他许多请求的基础，至关重要。另一方面，劳动关系争议范围广、种类多，包括确认劳动关系、解除合同的经济补偿、未签订劳动合同的二倍工资、要求签订无固定期限劳动合同等。其中，涉及未签订劳动合同（含确认劳动关系）的争议占到了劳动关系争议总量的34.21%，离职经济补偿的纠纷占到了劳动关系争议总量的67.61%。这反映出，虽然《劳动合同法》实施已近5年，但企业贯彻落实法律的自觉性仍然较低，非规范用工的现象仍较为普遍。

In second place is the related labor relations disputes,Nearly half of the applicants put forward such a request.This is because:On the one hand,Labor relations the labor dispute with the dispute,Its establishment is the foundation of many other requests,Is critical to.On the other hand,Wide scope of labor relations disputes/variety,Including confirmation of labor relations/Terminate the contract of economic compensation/Did not sign labor contract twice salary/Demand a non-fixed term labor contract, etc.Among them,Did not sign labor contract(Confirmation of labor relations)The controversy accounted for 34.21% of the total labor relations disputes,Departure of economic compensation disputes accounted for more than 67.61% of the total labor relations disputes.This reflects the,though[Labor contract law]For nearly 5 years,But enterprise implementation of the law consciousness is still low,Normative labor phenomenon is still widespread.

　　排在第三的是社会保险争议，此项争议指未依法参加社会保险的赔偿、社会保险待遇（工伤待遇除外）争议。由于政策性限制，劳动者一般无法对用人单位不缴纳社会保险的行为进行起诉，只能向劳动监察部门举报。36.13%的申请人提出了此项要求，这既说明劳动者对自己的权利有了一定认识，也反映出一种无奈：用人单位不为职工缴纳社会保险的现象是普遍存在的，处于弱势的职工在岗期间不得不放弃自己的权利，而日常的行政监督常常是缺位的。

A third of the list is social insurance disputes,The dispute did not participate in social insurance compensation in accordance with the law/Social insurance treatment(Inductrial injury treatment except)controversy.Due to the policy restrictions,Workers usually cannot to unit of choose and employ persons not of pay society insurance charges,Report to the labor inspection department only.36.13% of the applicants put forward this requirement,It shows that has some knowledge workers of their rights,Also reflected a kind of helpless:Unit of choose and employ persons not of pay social insurance for its staff and workers phenomenon is widespread,Weakness in the worker on-the-job period had to give up their rights,And daily administrative oversight is often a lack of.

　　被提出较少的是其他劳动保障争议，如要求未休带薪年休假的赔偿、病假工资、待岗生活费等。此类请求属于劳动争议中比较“前沿”的部分，尤其是主张对带薪年休假的补偿。2008年《职工带薪年休假条例》开始施行，是一项较新的权利。而直到2012年，才开始有较多的申请人尝试此项诉求。

Be less is other labor dispute cases are put forward,If asked not to take the compensation of annual vacation with pay/Sick pay/DaiGang living expenses, etc..Belongs to the labor dispute in such request"Cutting edge"Part of the,Especially the claims for compensation of annual vacation with pay.In 2008,[The worker regulations of annual vacation with pay]Start implementing,Is a relatively new right.And it was only in 2012,Began to have more applicants to try the appeal.

　　工伤待遇争议，包括工伤认定程序、工伤赔偿程序，有13.77%的申请人提出此项请求。虽然仅仅排在第五，但以数据基数来看，这个比例是令人忧心的。遭遇工伤的劳动者比其他劳动争议中的劳动者更加脆弱无助，但所面临的法律程序却更加繁琐复杂。

Inductrial injury treatment disputes,Including industrial injury process/Industrial injury compensation program,13.77% of the applicants put forward such a request.Although only in fifth,But in order to data base,This proportion is worrisome.Encounter of inductrial injury worker more vulnerable than other workers in the labor dispute,But facing the legal process is more complex.

　　《劳动维权现状分析与发展趋势预测研究报告》显示，在所有的维权项目中，16~29岁的劳动者特点最为突出，多项请求的申请率都高于平均值。这个年龄段的劳动者主张权利十分积极，特别是经济补偿金/赔偿金、未签劳动合同的二倍工资、社会保险三项的申请率，显著高于平均值。北京义联主任黄乐平在接受中国青年报记者采访时认为：“提出这三项请求对申请人的法律知识有更高的要求，一个普通人凭朴素的社会观念难以想到主张此类权利。与其他年龄段的情况对比来看，这三项请求的申请率是随年龄增长而递减的，印证了年轻一代劳动者更具有法律知识和权利意识的观点。”

[Labor rights protection present situation analysis and development trend forecast report]According to,Of all the rights in the project,16 ~ 29, the most prominent feature of laborer,Multiple requests application rates are higher than average.This age workers claim is very positive,Especially in the economic compensation/damages/Did not sign labor contract with the double salary/Three application rate of social insurance,Is significantly higher than the average.Beijing righteousness Huang Leping, director of the al in an interview with China youth daily reporter said:"Put forward the three requests have higher request for the applicant's legal knowledge,A person with a simple social concept is hard to think of such rights.Compared with other age groups,These three request application rate is decrease with age,Confirm the laborer the younger generation has more legal knowledge and the consciousness of rights point of view."

　　北京义联在维权的过程中曾接触到这样一个案例。王立峰等46人是某全国知名电器销售连锁公司的内保人员，在公司工作多年。今年年初，公司统一使用保安公司人员替换内保人员，要求公司原有的内保人员全部转岗到其他部门。王立峰等人因工资待遇等原因不同意转岗，公司遂采取各种方式变相迫使他们离职，他们要求公司给予一定经济补偿，但公司未予理睬。为了尽快维护权益，王力峰等46人集体行动，在销售门店打横幅请愿示威，并在网络上发布微博、视频，营造社会舆论，最后成功维护了自己的合法权益，公司按照工龄给予了经济补偿，总额达120余万元。

Beijing righteousness associated rights have come into contact with in the process of such a case.46 people is a nationally known appliances such as i.p. targeting sales chain, insourcing personnel,Working in a company for many years.At the beginning of the year,Companies use unified security replace insourcing personnel,Request the company original insourcing personnel all transferred to other department.I.p. targeting and others by reason of wages didn't agree to transfer,Then take a variety of ways in disguised forms, have forced them to leave,They request the company to give certain economic compensation,But the company ignored.In order to maintain rights and interests as soon as possible,Wang Lifeng 46 people, such as collective action,Petition protest banners in a sales outlets,And posted on the Internet microblogging/video,Build public opinion,The last safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of his own success,Company in accordance with length of service, give the economic compensation,A total of more than 120 ten thousand yuan.

　　“通过与农民工的接触可以感受到，年纪较长的农民工对自己的农民身份更有认同感，反映到思想观念和思维方式上就更趋于保守、谨慎和安于现状。对于不满30岁的农民工，无论是从外在表现上还是从自我认知上，他们身上的农民色彩都要淡得多。他们在维权过程中表现更为积极、活跃和乐观，有更强的平等意识。”黄乐平认为，对于融入城市生活，他们有更强的渴望。正因为如此，当现实对于这种融合报以否定和排斥时，当不能感受到平等的待遇时，他们的反应更加激烈，不管是积极的方式还是消极的方式。与长辈们相比，他们维权的动机，除了经济压力，更多地掺入了主张权利的因素。（桂杰）

"Through the与农民工的接触可以感受到,Older workers have more identity identity to their farmers,Reflect on the ideological concept and mode of thinking is more conservative/Care and the status quo.For migrant workers under the age of 30,Both in terms of appearance or from the self,Farmers in them much color should be light.They were much more positive performance in the process of human rights/Active and optimistic,Have stronger consciousness of equality."Huang Leping think,For integration into city life,They have a strong desire.Because of this,When the reality to the fusion with negation and exclusion,When cannot feel equal treatment,Their response is more intense,Whether it's a positive way or negative way.Compared with the elders,Their rights,In addition to the economic pressure,More added to the claim.(GuiJie)