银行发力“流水线模式”贷款 Bank sends force“Line mode”loans

　　近一个月以来，关于金融扶持小微企业的政策紧锣密鼓地出台。银联信最新研究报告《中国中小企业金融服务跟踪报告》显示，商业银行为此纷纷发力，借助于“工厂化运营”、“流水线模式”降低小微贷款成本。

Since nearly a month，For the financial support of small micro enterprise policy being issued。Union pay letter latest report《Chinese small and medium-sized enterprise financial service tracking report》shows，Commercial Banks to send force in succession，by“Factory operation”、“Line mode”Reduce the cost of small loans。

小微企业销售下降、利润减少 Small micro enterprise the decline in sales、profits

　　5月26日,银监会发布的《关于鼓励和引导民间资本进入银行业的实施意见》宣布，民营企业参与城市商业银行风险处置的，持股比例可适当放宽至20%以上；通过并购重组方式参与农村信用社和农村商业银行风险处置的，允许单个企业及其关联方阶段性持股比例超过20%。6月4日，央行、银监会、财政部发布《关于进一步扩大信贷资产证券化试点有关事项的通知》，鼓励金融机构选择符合条件的国家重大基础设施项目贷款、涉农贷款、中小企业贷款等多元化信贷资产作为基础资产开展信贷资产证券化。

May 26,,Issued by the CBRC《For encouraging and guiding non-governmental capital into the banking executive opinion》announced，Private enterprises to participate in the city commercial bank of risk disposition，Holding ratio can relax appropriately to over 20%；Through the merger and reorganization means to participate in the rural credit cooperatives and rural commercial bank risk of disposal，Allow a single enterprise and its affiliated parties stage holding ratio of more than 20%。June 4,，The central bank、banking、Ministry of finance releases《On further expand the pilot securitization of credit assets matters related to notice》，To encourage financial institutions choose eligible country major infrastructure projects loans、Agricultural loans、Small and medium-sized enterprises diversified credit assets loan as a basis for asset securitization of credit assets。

　　这些政策密集出台的原因之一，是目前小微企业普遍遭遇“艰难期”，银联信分析师钟加勇表示，调查问卷分析显示，2012年前5月小微企业销售在基本持平的基础上略有下降，销售减少者多于增长者。其中，小微企业销售基本持平的占32.7%，销售减少10%—30%的比例为26.7%，销售状况明显向减少方向倾斜。约一半企业的利润处于5%-9%范围内，仅有不到20%的企业有10%以上利润率，利润率很低、不盈利、亏损的企业所占比例加起来已经超过30%。

These policies on one of the causes of the dense，Is the small micro enterprise in general“Difficult period”，Letter ZhongJiaYong said principal analyst，Questionnaire analysis shows，2012 years ago may small micro enterprise sales in the basic equal basis declined slightly，To reduce the growth of sales more than。Among them，Small micro enterprise sales flat accounted for 32.7%，Sales decreased by 10%-30% to 26.7%，Sales situation to reduce significantly tilted。About half of the profits of the business in the 5% to 9% range，Less than 20% of the enterprise more than 10% profit margins，Low profit margins、No profit、The loss of the enterprise proportion of added up to more than 30%。

　　“由于发达经济体需求的减少，人民币对美元、欧元等主要贸易货币不同程度的升值以及小微企业对客户黏性较低，这些都直接影响着订单的数量。”钟加勇说，从企业订单数量上看，约三分之一企业持有订单与2011年基本持平，约40%的企业有增长，将近30%企业有所减少。另外，出口订单短期化现象明显，主要是原材料价格大幅波动和人民币汇率升值预期的不稳定，增加了企业接长单、大单的风险。

“Because the demand decrease in the developed economies，To the dollar、The euro's main trading currency different degrees of appreciation and small micro business to customer the viscosity is low，These are directly affects the number of orders。”ZhongJiaYong said，On the number of orders from the enterprise，About a third of the enterprise to hold the order and keep balance basically 2011，About 40% of the enterprise have growth，Nearly 30% enterprise reduced。In addition，Export orders is clearly a lot，Main is raw material prices fluctuate dramatically and the exchange rate of the yuan appreciation expectations instability，Increased the enterprise to take long list、Large sheet risk。

工厂化运营降低成本 Factory operation to reduce costs

　　目前，以股份制银行、城商行为首的一批中小型金融机构纷纷发力，借助于“工厂化运营”、“流水线模式”降低小微贷款成本。经过2012年上半年的市场化运作，发现盈利空间并不比大企业低。

At present，With the joint-stock Banks、City of a batch of small and medium businesses headed by financial institutions with the power in succession，by“Factory operation”、“Line mode”Reduce the cost of small loans。After the first half of 2012 the market operation，Found space does not profit than the big enterprise low。

　　银联信总经理符文忠说，所谓工厂化运营就是像工厂的流水线一样，一个环节扣一个环节一直下去。这样一种流水线的作业模式从开始到一端一端的往下发展，一环扣一环，一个转交一个，这样的效率才会非常高；流水线作业不仅仅解决效率问题，更多解决了用人成本的问题。

Union pay letter FuWenZhong general manager said，The so-called factory operation is like the factory assembly line，A link to buckle a link has been down。Such a line homework mode from start to end to end of the development，A ring buckle a ring，A over a，Such efficiency will be very high；Not only solve line operation efficiency，The more of the cost of the solution。

　　招行相关负责人表示，要想大规模做业务，必须解决运营成本高的问题，建立一种工厂化流水线的作业模式，采取集中化的审批、放款等模式，可以最大限度降低运营成本。“当然，我们也简化了一些调查的资料和模板，让一个客户经理有更高的产能。通过这些创新改进，我们目前的流程越来越顺畅了，效率越来越高，而且员工的产能也越来越高。”

Her officials say，To large-scale do business，Must solve the problem of high operating costs，Build a factory assembly line of operation mode，Take centralized for examination and approval、Loan, as a model，Can maximize reduce operating costs。“Of course，We also simplified the some of the material and template survey，Let a customer manager have higher productivity。Through these innovation to improve，Our current flow more and more smoothly，Efficiency more and more high，And the production capacity of the employees more and more is also high。”

　　民生银行(600016,股吧)董事长董文标则表示，分行不转型，做小微金融服务纯属胡扯。当前该行已经完成了顶层设计，但分行转型仍未到位，做小微金融服务必须逐步完成底层设计，改变客户基础不牢固的缺失。根据董文标的设想，分行经过3-5年的转型，专心做批量化小商户金融服务，目标是服务120-150万小商户，小微贷款中50%-60%为信用贷款，40%为互保联保贷款。在董文标看来，分行最终要走专业化道路，抛弃原有的小工业作坊式散单。

Minsheng bank(600016,Shares it)The chairman DongWenBiao said it，Branch not transformation，Do small micro financial services is baloney。The bank has completed the top design，But branch is not in place the transformation，Do small micro financial services must gradually completing the ground floor design，Change not the lack of strong customer base。According to DongWenBiao ideas，Branch after 3-5 years of transformation，Concentrate on small businesses PiLiangHua financial services，Goal is to serve the 120-1.5 million small businesses，Small micro loan for 50%-60% credit loans，For each other LianBao loans guaranteed by 40%。In DongWenBiao seems，Branch finally to specialization，Abandon the original little industry shift scattered single。

融资走向网络化、在线化 Financing to network、Of online

　　除了“流水线模式”，中小企业市场融资形式也逐步向网络化、在线化方向发展，互联网新模式对小微企业贷款产生深远影响。尤其值得关注的一点是，云计算理念的提出是一次强大的助推剂，对于定量化精准营销中小企业集群起到莫大(博客,微博)的帮助。

In addition to“Line mode”，Small and medium-sized enterprise market financing form also gradually to the network、The online direction，The Internet to small new mode micro enterprise loan an impact。It is particularly noteworthy，The cloud computing concept was put forward a powerful boost agent，For small and medium-sized enterprise cluster quantitative precise marketing play a great(blog,Micro bo)help。

　　钟加勇说，在云计算的保障下，资金供需双方信息通过社交网络揭示和传播，被搜索引擎组织和标准化，最终形成时间连续、动态变化的信息序列。可以给出任何资金需求者的风险定价或动态违约概率，而且成本极低。就在六月份，民生银行刚刚成功携手XTools(沃力森)启动了“企贷通”产品，XTools系统将成为链接民生银行和中小企业的一个桥梁，企业申请并授权民生银行，民生银行相关审核人员通过客户使用的XTools系统可以查看申请企业的相关运营状况数据。当然并不是企业的全部数据，仅限于合同回款、产品库存和财务流水数据。银行根据上述数据进行分析、评级、确定贷款额度或增加贷款额度，从而通过XTools系统使企业和银行间建立一个透明、牢固的信任关系。记者 陈宁

ZhongJiaYong said，Under the protection of the cloud computing，Capital supply and demand information through the social network reveals and spread，Search engine organization and standardization，Eventually form the time continuous、The dynamic change of information sequence。Can give any capital demanders dynamic pricing or the risk of default probability，And the cost is extremely low。In June，Minsheng bank has just been XTools hand in hand(WoLiSen)launched“Enterprises loan the”products，XTools system will be a link minsheng bank and small and medium-sized enterprise of a bridge，Enterprise application and authorized bank of the people's livelihood，Minsheng bank related the personnel through the use of XTools customers can view of the enterprise application system related operation condition data。Of course not all data of the enterprise，Limited to debt collection contract、Product inventory and financial data flowing water。Based on the above data bank for analysis、rating、Sure loans or increase the loans，And through the XTools system makes the enterprise between Banks and establish a transparent、Strong trust relationship。Reporter ChenNing