逾六成企业减停产，资产大幅缩水影响实业金改难有突破

More than sixty percent reduced production enterprise，Assets shrunk dramatically affect the industry to have a breakthrough to gold

　　晏耀斌

YanYaoBin

　　“上半年经济数据很非常不好看。”8月初，温州经信委一处长对《中国经营报(博客,微博)》记者表示，不过，数据没有公开之前，还是不能给你看。

“Economic data in the first half is not very good。”Early August，The letter a director of wenzhou committee to《China runs a newspaper(blog,Micro bo)》reporters，but，Data has not publicly before，Still can't show you。

　　比官方的感受更深刻的则是民间。温州一房地产公司徐经理甚至开始抱怨，政府部门都在保护务工人员，人力成本是大幅提高，但企业倒闭了，就业问题如何解决？

The more profound than the official feel is folk。Wenzhou a real estate company xu manager even started to complain about，The government in protecting the work personnel，The human cost is greatly improved，But the enterprise went out of business，The employment problem how to solve？

　　来自浙江省人大财经委调研发现，浙江企业经营效益下滑、生产经营综合成本提高，订单进一步减少，减产停产现象增多，仅温州一地，60.43%的规模以上工业企业出现减产停产。

From zhejiang people's congress CaiJingWei survey found，Zhejiang enterprise management benefit to slide、The production and business operation comprehensive cost increase，To further reduce the order，Production increased production phenomenon，Only wenzhou a，More than 60.43% of the scale of industrial production enterprise appear to suspend production。

　　去年温州企业爆发资金链断裂，如今开始波及实体经济。温州企业的窘境是在生产经营中遇到的困难比2008年至2009年全球金融危机期间的更大、更持久。

Wenzhou enterprise outbreak last year capital chain rupture，Now began to spread to the real economy。Wenzhou enterprise dilemma is in the production and management of difficulties than 2008 to 2009 during the global financial crisis, the more、More lasting。

　　作为破解危机之策的温州金改，在民进中央经济委员会副主任、温州中小企业发展促进会会长周德文看来，并没有什么实质进展。

As the strategy of breaking the wenzhou crisis to gold，In the central committee of the China economy, deputy director of the commission、Wenzhou small and medium-sized enterprise development promotion council President ZhouDeWen opinion，And no substantial progress。

　　资产缩水近半 Assets shrink nearly half

　　80后的徐经理，已经显得稳重成熟。“之前看不上的、扔给别人的业务，现在重新接收挣点小钱。”

After 80 the xu manager，Already appear sedate mature。“Were before the、Threw to other people's business，Now to receive earn a penny。”

　　徐经理现在是温州一房地产公司部门经理，主要负责建筑、工地。今年之前，他有自己建筑公司，但基本放手给别人去做。“自去年房地产调控以来，我的资产基本缩水一半，我估计温州所有炒房比我的状况好不到哪里去。”

Xu manager is now a real estate company wenzhou department manager，Mainly responsible for building、site。Before this year，He had his construction company，But the basic let go to someone else to do。“Since last year since real estate regulation，My assets basic shrink half，I estimate wenzhou all ChaoFang than my status are not good。”

　　按照徐经理的介绍，他自己名下有5套房产，而他今年刚刚30岁。“基本把前几年赚的钱全部赔进去了。”

According to the introduction of xu manager，His own name five sets of the property，And he just 30 years old this year。“A few years ago the basic money earned good all in。”

　　无论从公开还是私下来看，房地产一直是温州人最大的生意。“采取的手法就是使用金融杠杆，如今房子卖不出去了，只有自己扛着。”徐经理表示，现在在温州最牛的是两种人：有现金的和欠债的。“等着，可能有要回钱的可能；逼死了债权人，什么都没有了。”

No matter from public or private and see，Real estate has been the biggest business in wenzhou。“The trick is to use financial leverage，Now the house doesn't sell，Oneself only carried。”Xu manager said，Now the most powerful in wenzhou is two kinds of people：Have the cash and in debt。“Waiting for，May have to return to the possibility of money；Kill creditors，Nothing。”

　　手里同样有多套房产的一位鞋厂老板告诉记者，往年工厂没有高温假，现在趁着高温能放假就放假。“订单少成本高，生产意味着亏损，还有一屁股债。”

Hand also have multiple properties of a shoe factory boss told reporters，The factory has no GaoWenJia previous years，Now while the high temperature can is a holiday。“Order cost less to high，Production means that losses，And a bottom to debt。”

　　积压在楼市的资金成了温州商人头上的紧箍咒。

In the housing market funds became the backlog of wenzhou businessmen head of magic spells。

　　自去年以来，温州老板“跑路”和自杀的现象便日益增多。去年9月21日，温州眼镜行业龙头企业浙江信泰集团老板胡福林的“失踪”彻底将温州企业资金危机推到前台。

Since last year，Wenzhou boss“Run road”And the phenomenon of suicide and increasing。September 21,，Wenzhou glasses industry leading enterprise zhejiang letter BanHu tai group old flint“missing”Wenzhou enterprise capital crisis will completely push to the reception。

　　资料显示，自去年3月至今，温州已有上百家企业出现老板失踪、公司破产、员工讨薪事件。诸如三旗集团、波特曼、江南皮革等一批知名民营企业卷入其中。

Data shows，Since last march today，Wenzhou has appeared in hundreds of enterprise boss missing、The company went bankrupt、Please pay employees event。Such as the three flags group、Rob portman、Jiangnan leather a group of well-known private enterprise involved。

　　7月份，针对浙江企业当前所面临的压力，浙江省人大以及发改委同时提出预警：一些地区部分企业因经营困难加剧，可能引发资金链断裂，并带来互保圈的潜在金融风险，需引起高度重视，及时加以防范和化解。

July，For zhejiang enterprises are facing pressure，Zhejiang people's congress and the development and reform commission and puts forward warning：Some areas of enterprise management for growing difficulties，May trigger capital chain rupture，And bring the circle each other potential financial risk，The attention to，To prevent and dissolve in time。

　　套子房地产 Condoms real estate

　　成也房地产败也房地产。

Also with real estate into real estate also。

　　数据显示，在温州，90%以上的家庭个人、近60%的企业参与民间借贷，民间借贷规模超过1100亿元。不过，其中用于一般生产经营的仅占35%，用于房地产的占20%，停留在民间借贷市场的规模高达40%。

Data shows，In wenzhou，Over 90% of families personal、Nearly 60% of enterprises to participate in the private lending，Folk lending scale more than 110 billion yuan。but，Among them used for general production of just 35%，For real estate accounted for 20%，Stay on the market scale folk lending as high as 40%。

　　资金的去向则是最好说明。周德文表示，温州民间资金借贷规模应该在1200亿元以上。

The funds are best to explain。ZhouDeWen said，Wenzhou private borrowing funds scale should be in 120 billion yuan of above。

　　据温州一商业银行负责人透露，根据信贷跟踪回访，发现很多贷款被用来炒房、炒地皮，真正用于企业自身发展的很少。

According to a commercial bank chief discloses wenzhou，According to credit tracking return visits，Find that many of the loans were used to ChaoFang、Land speculation，Really used for the development of the enterprises themselves very little。

　　银行内部分析的结果是，温州市场上包括高利贷在内的游资，70%~80%流向了房地产市场。在“2010年温州市百强企业”名录中，除两家房地产公司和6家建筑公司外，其他40多家制造企业，无一不涉足了房地产开发。

The results of the analysis is inside the bank，Wenzhou field, including usury hot money，70% ~ 80% to flow to the real estate market。in“In 2010, wenzhou top enterprises”list，In addition to two real estate company and six home building outside the company，Other more than 40 manufacturing enterprise，Are all involved in the real estate development。

　　宏观调控让温州商人一筹莫展。

Macroeconomic regulation and control let wenzhou businessmen bewildered。

　　统计显示，去年温州市区商品住房共成交不足800套，而2010年同期成交量则为2315套。受政策的影响，签约率也滑落低谷。

Statistics show that，Last year, wenzhou city commercial housing clinch a deal with less than 800 sets，And the same period in 2010, volume is 2315 sets。By the influence of the policy，Signing rate low down。

　　今年的情况依然没有转变。据统计，上半年浙江成交土地481宗，成交额约380亿元，两项指标均出现大幅下滑。其中温州土地成交额21.18亿元，温州市区出现连续8个月无住宅用地成功出让现象。

This year the situation is still no change。According to the statistics，Zhejiang clinch a deal in the first half of 481 cases of land，Business was about 38 billion yuan，Two indexes all appear the decline。Wenzhou turnover of land is 2.118 billion yuan，Wenzhou city consecutive 8 months without housing land success the phenomenon。

　　这一成交额不及2010年温州出让的一块土地价格。彼时2010年11月29日，温州原温州师范学院操场地块一幅地王拍出37.02亿元天价。

The turnover is less than 2010 years the wenzhou a piece of land price。Mar. 29 November 2010，Wenzhou wenzhou normal college playground plot a royal patted 3.702 billion yuan day price。

　　按照徐经理的说法，浙江很多地方楼市有回暖的迹象，但温州依然没有看到这个趋势。“但愿能够熬过去，现在唯一的等待就是政策明朗化。”

According to the manager said xu，Zhejiang many local property market warms up signs，But still didn't see this trend of wenzhou。“I hope to get over it，Now the only waiting is policy focus。”

　　经济运行堪忧 Grim economic operation

　　楼市的萎缩反映在实体层面，则是经济下行趋势明显。如今，实体经济危机反过来或成为压垮温州企业最后一根稻草。

The housing market atrophy reflected in entity level，It is obvious economic downside trend。now，Economic crisis in turn or become entity crushed by wenzhou enterprise last straw。

　　据温州经信委官网数据，2012年7月份，温州电网系统供电量比去年同期增长-0.7%，增幅同比降低13.91个百分点。7月份电网系统供电最高负荷比去年同期增长4.40%，增幅同比降低4.42个百分点。

According to the committee's official website wenzhou letter data，In July, 2012，Wenzhou grid system power supply than last year the corresponding period grows 0.7%，Year-on-year increase by 13.91%。In July, the highest power grid system load than last year the corresponding period grows 4.40%，Year-on-year increase by 4.42%。

　　截至目前，温州经信委至今不太愿意公布上半年经济数据。来自内部信息称，上半年温州实体经济整体情况不佳。规模以上工业总产值1904.59亿元，同比下降3.1%。企业资金压力仍然较大，利润水平明显下降，生产订单也出现短、小、散的现象。

So far，The committee has not wenzhou letter released very willing to economic data in the first half。From internal information says，Wenzhou economic entity in the first half of the whole situation is not good。Large industrial output value 190.459 billion yuan，3.1% year-on-year drop。Enterprise funds still high pressure，Profit level obviously decreased，Production order also appears short、small、Scattered phenomenon。

　　这与7月份浙江省人大财经委的调研一致。调研显示，今年上半年温州市60.43%的规模以上工业企业出现过减产停产，3998家规模以上工业企业已停产140家，产值同比下降多达2276家。

The people's congress of zhejiang province and in July CaiJingWei investigation consistent。Research shows，In the first half of this year the wenzhou city 60.43% of industrial enterprises above designated size cut appeared to suspend production，3998 scale industrial enterprises already discontinued 140，Output value of as many as 2276 year-on-year drop home。

　　一个月前，在对温州700多家规模以上鞋革企业进行摸底调查后，温州鞋革行业协会理事长、康奈集团董事长郑秀康向政府汇报：1~6月份，温州规模以上鞋革企业共完成工业总产值242.85亿元，比去年同期回落4.24%。

A month ago，In the more than 700 scale of wenzhou shoe enterprises above baseline survey，Wenzhou shoe industry association chairman、Kang group of Nigeria ZhengXiuKang report to the Chinese government：1 ~ 6 months，Wenzhou shoe over the scale enterprise were done gross industrial output value 24.285 billion yuan，A drop of 4.24% more than the same period last year。

　　据了解，不仅是鞋革行业，温州市经信委7月底召集7个重点行业的商会、协会分析上半年经济运行情况认为，服装、塑料、制笔、合成革、紧固件、电气等行业的情况都处于下行状态。

According to understand，Not only is the shoe industry，By the end of July of wenzhou letter committee called seven key industries of the chamber of commerce、Association analysis situation of economic operation in the first half that，clothing、plastic、pen、Synthetic leather、fasteners、Electrical industries were in descending state。

　　来自浙江省经信委对千家重点企业季度调查显示，企业认为二季度影响出口的首要因素仍然是综合成本上升，占比57%。体现在三方面：

The letter from zhejiang province committee for key enterprises of its quarterly survey，Enterprise think in the second quarter of the primary factors affect exports still is the comprehensive cost rise，More than 57% of。Exists in three aspects：

　　一是用工成本上涨较大，部分企业反映，在近年来年均增长超10%的基础上，今年工人工资又比去年上涨15%左右。

A rising labor costs is larger，Part enterprise reflects，In recent years with an average annual growth rate over 10% basis，This year than last year and wages rose 15%。

　　二是融资贵的状况没有根本好转，1~5月，规模以上工业企业财务费用增长24.3%，其中利息支出增长36.6%，而小微企业利息支出增幅更是高达43.9%。

2 it is financing expensive condition no fundamental better，1 ~ 5 month，Large industrial enterprise financial cost to growth of 24.3%，Including interest spending increased 36.6%，And small micro enterprise interest expenses is as high as 43.9% growth。

　　三是综合税费负担总体较高，1~5月，规模以上工业企业在利润下降19%的情况下，应缴税金总额仍增长1.9%。小微企业成本压力最为突出，其主营业务成本占收入的比重为87.8%，分别高于大型、中型企业3.1个和2个百分点。

Three is comprehensive tax burden higher overall，1 ~ 5 month，Scale industrial enterprises above the 19% decline in profits，Should pay the total amount of taxes has increased by 1.9%。Small micro enterprise cost pressure most obvious，Its main business costs for 87.8% of income，Were higher than large、Medium-sized enterprise 3.1 and 2%。

　　作为破解企业危机措施的温州金改，至今还存在分歧。

As a crack of enterprise crisis measures wenzhou gold change，Still exist differences。

　　去年下半年开始，温州相继爆发民间借贷危机，部分中小企业资金链断裂，民营经济之都面临前所未有的危局。今年3月28日，国务院决定设立温州为金融综合改革试验区，这给当地注入一针强心剂，民间情绪高涨地筹办银行、开小额贷款公司。

Since the second half of last year，Wenzhou have outbreaks folk lending crisis，Part of the small and medium-sized enterprise capital chain rupture，The private economy in the grip of an unprecedented crisis。March 28,，The state council has decided to set up a comprehensive reform region for financial wenzhou，This to local into a big boost，Folk hugged and for the bank、A small loan company。

　　四个月过去了，曾致力于温州金改的周德文则表示，改了什么、对企业有什么好处，回答不上来。

Four months later，Had committed to change ZhouDeWen of wenzhou gold, said，Changed what、What is the benefit to the enterprise，Answer not up。