(新华调查)题：追求“性别平衡”，引来“教育不公”？部分高校录取划分“男女线”事件调查

(Xinhua survey)problem：pursuit“Gender balance”，draws“Education injustice”？Some universities divided admitted“Men and women line”Accident investigation

　　近日，中国人民大学小语种专业、上海外国语大学公布的全国高考提前批次录取分数线中，出现了男女生“同考不同分”的情况。在划分“男女线”的地区，女生最低分数线普遍高于男生，差距最高达五六十分。此事引发了社会关于高考公平与性别歧视的大讨论。

recently，The people's university of China professional small language、Shanghai international studies university announced in advance of the national college entrance examination in batches to admit fractional line，The men and women living there“Test with different points”situation。In the division“Men and women line”areas，The girl the minimum scores higher than boys，Gap is up to five or six。This matter from the society fair and gender discrimination on the university entrance exam of big discussion。

　　大学方面表示，此举是根据部分小语种专业的具体情况和就业需求决定。而网民们则觉得不能用牺牲女性权益来为男生降低“门槛”。

The university said，The move is part of the small language according to the specific situation of the professional and employment needs decision。And Internet users can't use sacrifice is think women's rights to reduce for boys“threshold”。

“同考不同分”，平衡男女比例的权宜之计？ “Test with different points”，Balance of the proportion of the men and women expediency？

　　在上海外国语大学官方网站上，记者看到该校全国各地的高考录取分数线。在已公布的近20个省份分数线中，有12个省份的提前批次录取分数线出现“男女有别”的情况。其中包括天津、辽宁、黑龙江、福建、山东、广西、甘肃等地。

In Shanghai international studies university web site，The reporter sees the school of the university entrance exam to admit fractional line around the country。In the published nearly 20 provinces in the fractional line，There are 12 provinces in the batch to admit fractional line appears“Male and female have differences”situation。Including tianjin、liaoning、heilongjiang、fujian、shandong、guangxi、Gansu, etc。

　　这些省份中，大部分地区男女生的提前批次录取最低分数线都存在一定差距，女生最低分数线要求比男生高，部分地区甚至达到50—60分。如辽宁理科男生比女生低了57分；天津理科男生比女生低58分；广西文科男女分差65分。

These provinces，Most men and women living in the minimum scores are admitted to an earlier date batch there is a disparity between，The girl the minimum scores required high than boys，Part of the region and even up to 50-60 points。Such as liaoning science boys than girls low 57 points；Tianjin science boys than girls low 58 points；Guangxi arts men and women points sent 65 points。

　　为何在高考最低录取分数线前，男女生要区别对待？上海外国语大学相关负责人表示，在许多外语类的专业院校，男女生数量的落差一直非常明显，女孩过剩，男孩稀缺。之所以对男女生分数线有不同的划定，就是希望男女生的比例能够更为合理一些。上外提前批次分男女招生计划通过了教育部的批准，在考生填报志愿前也已经向社会提前公布。个别地方出现男女分数线相差悬殊是报考专业、报考人数、考生发挥等综合因素的结果。

Why in the university entrance exam before the lowest to admit fractional line，Born to differentiate between men and women？Shanghai international studies university officials say，In many foreign language kind professional institutes，The number of the gap between male and female students have been very apparent，The girl surplus，Boy scarce。For the men and women living fractional line have different defined，Hope is the ratio of boys to girls to some more reasonable。The batch points ahead of the men and women of the ministry of education to recruit students to plan through the approval，In the examinee has also provided before to volunteer society announced in advance。Individual place appear difference between men and women fractional line is to enter oneself for an examination professional、Number of applicants、The examinee and the results of the comprehensive factors play。

　　无独有偶，此前中国人民大学的小语种专业提前批次录取最低分数线也因为“男女有别”而引发关注。如在北京，文科男生的最低录取分数线为601分，女生614分。人大招办相关负责人表示，降低男生准入门槛，是因为在计划内的7个招生名额外，又新增了3个男生名额，“初衷很简单，就是为了调整男女比例。”

similarly，After the people's university of China ahead of the small language professional admitted the minimum scores also because batches“Male and female have differences”And cause concern。As in Beijing，Liberal arts boy's lowest to admit fractional line for 601 points，The girl 614 points。People's congress manages officials say，Reduce the boy admittance threshold，Because in the seven inside the plan recruit students name extra，Added a three boys quota，“Original intention is very simple，Is to adjust the gender ratio。”

“拯救男孩”是否就要“委屈女孩”？ “Save the boy”Whether will“Injustice girl”？

　　据悉，从2007年开始，国内普通高校招生中的女生数量就出现持续压倒男生之势。教育部发布数据显示，2010年普通高校招生人数中，女生数量比男生超出约33万。女生偏多就应当区分高考录取分数线？部分专业招不到男生就应当让女生来“买单”？不少网民对这种“逻辑”表示不满。

It is reported，From 2007 to，Domestic ordinary college recruit students number of girls appear overwhelming for boys of power。Issued by the ministry of education figures show，In 2010 the ordinary university enrollment，Girls than boys beyond number about 330000。Girls should distinguish between the university entrance exam partial more admit fractional line？Part of the professional recruit less than boys should let girls“pay”？Many netizens to this“logic”Expressed dissatisfaction。

　　大部分网民认为，保持男女生录取比例平衡，不应以剥夺女性权利为代价。“拯救男孩”就要“委屈女孩”，显然是不公平的。如网民“二爷也微博”说：“承认了男女不平等的现状，就更应该推进整个社会的男女平权平等，而不是顺着社会不公做出另一个不公的行为。”

Most Internet users think that，Keep the men and women living acceptance rates balance，Should not be to disenfranchise women's rights for the price。“Save the boy”will“Injustice girl”，Obviously is not fair。Such as Internet users“Also putting the bo”said：“To admit that the inequality between men and women of the status quo，More should promote the whole society is the equal rights of men and women，And not go down social injustice to make another unfair behavior。”

　　也有一种观点认为，高校从社会需求和自身实际出发，实行招生分数线“男女有别”无可厚非。如网民“热带季风z”说：“不是男女不平等，也不是女性不努力，是因为特定的职业专业发展环境对男性更适合。部分学校只是不希望培养更多出校门便失业的优秀人才。”

There is also a view，University from the social demand and its own reality，The recruit students fractional line“Male and female have differences”understandable。Such as Internet users“Tropical monsoon z”said：“Not inequality between men and women，Also not women don't work hard，Because specific career professional development environment on the more suitable for men。Part of the school just don't want to develop more going out and unemployment of talents。”

　　上外校方负责人向新华社记者坦言，按照2012年招生计划，列入上外提前批次录取的专业主要是俄语、阿拉伯语、朝鲜语、乌克兰语等小语种。这些专业对应的行业目前的确对男性从业者有更迫切的需求。比如，阿拉伯语专业毕业生大多赴中东工作，女性极其不便；当地使领馆、企业等用人单位也更偏向招收男生。

Outside of the school on to the xinhua news agency said，According to recruit students to plan in 2012，Included in the batch of admission in advance on professional mainly is the Russian、Arabic、Korean、Ukraine language small language, etc。These professional corresponding industry is for men have more pressing needs practitioners。For example，Arabic graduates to work most of the Middle East，Women extremely inconvenient；Local embassies or consulates、Enterprise, employers are also more turn to recruit boys。

特殊专业招生是否只能在高考分数线上“做文章”？ Special professional recruit students in the university entrance exam is only on the line“Make a fuss about the”？

　　记者发现，对于高考录取分数线男女区别对待的争议，很难分出胜负。因为立场不同、观点不同。如网民“一见金童”所说：“对于家有男孩的，这是个好消息；对于家有女孩的，就是个坏消息。制定政策很难‘一碗水端平’！不过‘男性的崛起’依靠制度扶持肯定是不够的，关键是内因起作用。”

Reporter discovery，Admit fractional line to the university entrance exam to differentiate between men and women of the dispute，Hard to the tie。Because different position、Different views。Such as Internet users“See a luminous”said：“For the home has the boy，This is a good news；For the home has the girl，Is a bad news。Policy is hard to‘even-keeled’！but‘The rise of men’Rely on system must support is not enough，The key is internal work。”

　　21世纪教育研究院副院长熊丙奇认为，人大、上外等院校在部分小语种专业提前批招生上区分男女划分数线，是在招生计划公布时就决定的，不存在高考不公平或不公正；也是在学校实际情况、办学定位、培养方向等参考基础上作出的决定。

21 century education institute, vice President of the XiongBingJi think，National People's Congress、Outside and other institutions in the part of the small language ahead of recruit students of professional distinguish cross line of men and women，Is to recruit students to plan announced in when the decision，Does not exist the university entrance exam unfair or unjust；Also in the school the practical situation、orientation、Training direction of reference basis decision。

　　熊丙奇强调，在高考提前批次分男女划分数线的情况其实早就存在，如一些军事类、航海类院校只招男生或男生占绝对多数，而护理、空乘专业则往往都以招收女生为主。近年来随着各行各业的发展，像护理、幼教等行业对男性从业人员需求增加，因此相关专业制定招生计划时也会确定男女生的人数和比例。

XiongBingJi emphasize，In the university entrance exam batch points ahead of men and women of stroke fractional line actually have existed，As some of the military classes、Maritime colleges recruit boys or boy accounts for only an absolute majority，The nursing、Flight attendant professional tend to recruit all girls give priority to。In recent years, with the development of all walks of life，Like nursing、Preschool education industries of male employees demand increased，So related to recruit students to plan formulated when also can determine the number of male and female students and proportion。

　　但网友进一步提出质疑，不同招生人数和不同分数线是两回事。上外小语种专业与航空航天、护理空乘专业不可相提并论。更何况，目前就业市场原本就存在“重男轻女”的思想。

But the question the further，Different recruit students number and different fractional line are two different things。The small language on professional and aerospace、Nursing flight attendant professional not comparable。besides，The present employment market was is there“boys”thoughts。

　　有网民建议，是否可以增加自主招生的专业数量和名额，选拔特殊小语种专业的需求人才，而不要挤占高考的录取名额。上外英语翻译专业的曹斯杨说，应该增强学校的综合实力，课程设置更加多元，从而培养出学生更强的综合素质，拓宽就业面。(新华社记者 俞菀 潘旭)

Internet users have suggested，Whether can increase the quantity and autonomous enrolment professional quota，The selection of minor languages demand special professional talents，And don't occupy the university entrance exam admission tickets。The English translation of the professional CaoSiYang said，Should enhance the comprehensive strength of the school，Curriculum more diverse，To cultivate students the comprehensive quality of stronger，Broaden the employment side。(The xinhua news agency Wan yu PanXu)