广东吴川市个体户凌华坤见义勇为后的遭遇引发关注。资料图片 Guangdong WuChuanShi soho LingHuaKun after heroic had caused concern。Material pictures

　　农民、学生因见义勇为牺牲，不会再因无单位而得不到抚恤，其遗属将获得全国统一标准的政府补助金。昨日，民政部会同财政部、教育部、公安部、人保部、住建部、卫生部等七部委，部署落实《关于加强见义勇为人员权益保护的意见》的系列具体措施。

farmers、The student for heroic sacrifice，Won't because there was no unit and can't get pension，The survivors will win the national unified government subsidies。yesterday，In conjunction with the ministry of finance、The ministry of education、The ministry of、The insurer、Live JianBu、Seven ministries of health, etc，Deployment implement《On strengthening the protection of the rights of the heroic personnel opinion》The series of the concrete measures。

　　今年7月19日，国务院办公厅转发由上述七部委制定的《关于加强见义勇为人员权益保护的意见》，首次为无工作单位的见义勇为牺牲人员，明确了一次性（抚恤）补助金标准：上一年度全国城镇居民人均可支配收入的20倍，加40个月的少尉排职军官工资。

July 19,，The general office of the state council by the above seven ministries forwarding work《On strengthening the protection of the rights of the heroic personnel opinion》，For the first time without work heroic sacrifice personnel，Clear the one-off（pension）Subsidy standard：Last year for the national urban per capita disposable income of 20 times，Add 40 months of second lieutenant row job officer salary。

　　

见义勇为死亡可视同工伤 Heroic death can be regarded as inductrial injury

　　我国对见义勇为行为缺乏规范统一界定；各地对见义勇为人员抚恤补助不统一，享受待遇差别很大；原有政策不能覆盖所有见义勇为人员，以及对见义勇为人员的权益保护政策不具体，落实难等问题，近年来已引起越来越强烈的社会反响。 在昨天的会议上，民政部部长李立国要求，保护见义勇为人员伤亡人员及其家属权益的资金来源、发放，各地应突出政府保障主渠道，特别是对无工作单位的见义勇为死亡人员的抚恤补助，明确由民政部门会同当地见义勇为基金会负责，所需资金通过见义勇为专项基金统筹解决；未建立见义勇为基金会的地方，由当地财政部门安排，民政部门发放。

Our country to never hesitated to lack of standardized behavior unified definition；All personnel to heroic pension benefits are not unified，Enjoy treatment the difference is very big；The original policy cannot cover all never hesitated to personnel，And the protection of the rights of the heroic personnel policy not specific，Implement the difficulty，In recent years has caused more and more a strong response。 At the meeting yesterday，Secretary of the ministry of LiLiGuo requirements，Protect heroic casualties staff and their families rights and interests of the capital source、release，Should be prominent government security around the main channel，Especially for no work of the death of the heroic unit staff pension subsidies，Clear by the civil affairs departments responsible for heroic together with local foundation，The funds needed through special fund to plan as a whole heroic solution；The foundation has not been established the heroic place，The local financial department arrangement，Civil affairs departments issuing。

　　此外，根据会议部署，见义勇为死亡人员的子女，参加中高考，将可降分录取；见义勇为死亡情形不能认定为烈士，视同于工伤的，其遗属除享受原有的一次性工亡补助金外，还新增了相当于见义勇为者40个月工资的遗属特别补助金。

In addition，According to the meeting deployment，Heroic death of personnel children，To ZhongGaoKao，Will drop points admitted；Heroic death situation should not be considered a martyr，Inspect in inductrial injury，Besides enjoying the survivors of the original one-time Labour to die grant-in-aid outside，Also new is equivalent to the heroic 40 monthly wages of special subsidy hopping。

　　

奖金奖品免征个人所得税 Bonus awards shall be exempted from the individual income tax

　　根据《意见》要求，见义勇为人员及其家属按照国家规定享受抚恤金，不计入家庭收入；今后，见义勇为人员获得的奖金及奖品，按照现行税收政策的有关规定免征个人所得税。 对见义勇为死亡人员留下的孤儿，各地须纳入孤儿保障体系，发给孤儿基本生活费；对于致孤老人，优先安排到福利机构或农村五保体系供养。

According to《opinion》requirements，Never hesitated to personnel and their families enjoy pension according to the provisions of the state，Not included in the family income；In the future，Never hesitated to personnel won prize and prizes，According to the relevant provisions of the existing tax policy shall be exempt from individual income tax。 Heroic death personnel to leave orphans，Must be included in all orphans security system，To orphans basic living expenses；For the GuLao people，The priority of the arrangement for the welfare institutions or the rural five guarantees supporting system support。

　　

措施 measures

　　

医疗 见义勇为受伤享医保 Medical never hesitated to enjoy medical insurance injury

　　《意见》要求：医疗机构要建立绿色通道，坚持“先救治、后收费”的原则，优先救治。因负伤造成长期医疗费用个人负担较重的人员，通过适当医疗费用减免、城乡医疗救助等方式帮助其解决实际困难。

《opinion》requirements：Medical institutions to build the green channel，Insist on“First treatment、Charge after”principle，Preferred treatment。Cause long-term medical expenses for injured individual burden heavier personnel，Through the proper medical cost reduction、Urban and rural medical treatment methods such as help resolve the practical difficulties。

　　

【措施】 【measures】

　　卫生部医政司副司长郭燕红介绍，对见义勇为受伤人员，今后将继续坚持“先救治，后收费”政策，并开辟绿色通道，实施有限救治；因费用问题延误救治见义勇为伤员，将追究医院主管和相关医护人员责任。

Health YiZhengSi vice priests GuoYanGong introduced，Warm to the wounded，In the future will continue to adhere to“First treatment，Charge after”policy，And open up the green channel，Imposing limited treatment；Because of the delay treatment costs to warm the wounded，Will be investigated for hospital supervisor and related medical personnel responsibility。

　　人保部副部长胡晓义要求，各地人保部门应依法确保见义勇为受伤人员的医保待遇，除责任人负担的医疗费用之外，由医疗保险给予报销。

Deputy minister of insurer HuXiaoYi requirements，People can keep all department should ensure that the injured in accordance with the heroic of medical insurance treatment，In addition to the medical treatment cost burden responsible persons outside，By medical treatment insurance to submit an expense account。

　　但现状是，不少见义勇为受伤人员，因找不到责任人赔偿，或因伤致残需要长期治疗的，在医保按比例报销后，个人仍要承担高额医疗费用，部分家庭因此陷入困境。

But the present situation is，Many never hesitated to the wounded，Because of can not find persons responsible for compensation，Injured or disabled a prolonged treatment is needed，In the medical insurance in proportion to submit an expense account，People still want to afford expensive medical expenses，Some family so in trouble。

　　李立国提出，在医疗部门费用减免，以及医疗保险支付后，其余的救治费用，民政部门应启动医疗救助响应，给予差额的接续，“原则上，不能再让见义勇为受伤人员个人承担一点救治费用”。

LiLiGuo put forward，In the medical department cost reduction，And medical insurance payment，The rest of the medical expenses，Civil affairs departments should start medical treatment response，To give in the balance，“In principle，Can't let again never hesitated to share a bit of the injured individual medical expenses”。

　　教育 子女入学可给予优待

Education their children to school can preferential treatment

　　《意见》要求：见义勇为死亡或致残人员子女入公办幼儿园，在同等条件下，优先接收。义务教育阶段，要将见义勇为死亡或致残人员适龄子女按照就近入学的原则安排在公办学校就读。对见义勇为人员以及因见义勇为死亡或致残人员子女中考、高考给予一定优待。

《opinion》requirements：Heroic death or disability personnel children into the public kindergarten，In the same conditions，Priority receiving。Compulsory education phase，To death or disability personnel will never hesitated to children came near to the entrance of the school-age in accordance with the principles in public school arrangement。Researchers and heroic because of heroic death or disability personnel children tests、The university entrance exam to give proper treatment。

　　

【措施】 【measures】

　　教育部副部长刘利民昨天向各地教育部门提出，对见义勇为死亡或致残人员的适龄子女，要优先安排其到家附近的公办幼儿园和中小学就读。

Education LiuLiMin deputy minister of education department to put forward all yesterday，Heroic death or disability personnel of the school-age children，To the priority of the arrangement for the public kindergarten and home near the primary and middle school。

　　对见义勇为人员以及因见义勇为伤亡人员的子女中考、高考给予优待，符合社会公平原则。各地应尽快起草办法，对见义勇为死亡人员（烈士子女另有专门优待政策）的子女参加中考、高考，给予适当降分录取；见义勇为致残人员的子女，参加中考、高考，在同等条件下，给予优先录取。

For researchers and heroic heroic because the children of casualties mid-term exam、The university entrance exam preferential treatment，Conform to social fairness。Should all over as soon as possible to draft，Heroic death of personnel（Children have special discount for those policies）Children attend tests、The university entrance exam，Give appropriate drop points admitted；Persons disabled children heroic，Mid-term exam in、The university entrance exam，In the same conditions，Give preferential admit。

　　

住房 保障房优先配租配售 Housing safeguard room with priority rent placement

　　《意见》要求：对符合廉租住房、公共租赁住房和经济适用住房保障条件的城市见义勇为人员家庭，优先纳入住房保障体系，优先配租、配售保障性住房或发放住房租赁补贴。对符合农村危房改造条件的见义勇为人员家庭须给予优先安排。

《opinion》requirements：To meet the low-rent housing、Public rental housing and economy is applicable housing security conditions of the urban families who never hesitated，Priority into housing guarantee system，Priority with rent、Placement affordable housing or extend housing rental subsidy。For those in the rural reconstruction of the conditions of the families who never hesitated to should give the priority of the arrangement for the。

　　

【措施】 【measures】

　　住建部副部长郭允冲昨天向各地住房保障部门要求，优先把因见义勇为死亡或伤残人员的家庭纳入住房保障体系。限价房配售领域，采用评分排序法的地方，应对见义勇为行为给予额外加分；采用排队摇号法的地方，应该对见义勇为人员的申请单独排队。廉租房保障中，应对符合条件的见义勇为人员家庭优先实物配租。符合配售经济适用房条件的，见义勇为人员家庭可优先购买、优先选房。

Live GuoYunChong to build, vice minister of all housing safeguard department yesterday requirements，The main priority for death or disability personnel family into housing guarantee system。Price fixing the room placement field，The score ranking place，Deal with the bonus to heroic behavior；The line up, where wave method，Should the application for the heroic staff alone to wait in line。Low-cost housing safeguard of，To meet the conditions of the main priority with real families who rent。Meet placement economy applicable room conditions，Families who can buy heroic priority、First choose room。

　　

就业 优先安排公益性岗位 The priority of the arrangement for the public employment post

　　《意见》要求：对就业困难的见义勇为人员，只要其有就业能力和就业愿望，优先纳入就业援助，予以重点支持。

《opinion》requirements：To obtain employment difficult never hesitated to personnel，As long as the employment ability and the employment desire，Priority into employment assistance，Be key support。

　　

【措施】 【measures】

　　人保部副部长胡晓义称，各地社会保障部门应积极扶持就业困难的见义勇为人员就业。地方政府开发的公益性岗位，优先安排有就业意愿的见义勇为人员。

The deputy minister HuXiaoYi insurer said，The social security department all over should actively support employment difficult obtain employment of personnel of heroic。The development of local government public welfare position，The priority of the arrangement for the employment of a willingness to heroic personnel。

　　

【案例】 【case】

　　

见义勇为导致事故 个体户遭索赔 Never hesitated to cause accidents by soho claim

　　2011年5月，广东吴川市个体户凌华坤，见义勇为开车追堵抢路人金项链的疑犯，一名疑犯被撞重伤不治身亡，还撞到路人和路边车辆。与凌华坤同车的妻儿也受伤，汽车需要大修。因这次见义勇为，凌华坤获得5万多元奖金和捐款，然而，除了支付妻儿的医药费外，还要赔偿给被撞的路人和路边车主，最后倒贴4万多元，还一度陷入被劫匪家属起诉蓄意杀人的窘境。此案后被定性为交通事故，凌华坤由于见义勇为而倒贴的4万元，将在保险公司的理赔款中得到补偿。

May 2011，Guangdong WuChuanShi soho LingHuaKun，Never hesitated to drive ZhuiDu rob l gold necklace of the suspect，A suspect was badly hit not died，Also hit passers-by and road vehicles。And LingHuaKun with the car's wife and children also injured，Cars are in need of major repair。Because of the heroic，LingHuaKun obtain 50000 yuan bonus and donations，however，In addition to paying the wife and children of medical expenses，To pay for damage to the wrecked passers-by and road car owners，Finally DaoTie 40000 multivariate，Also once in families of murder charges deliberately robber dilemma。After the case is qualitative for the traffic accident，LingHuaKun because of the heroic DaoTie and 40000 yuan，The insurance company will compensate the paragraph with compensated。

　　

背景 background

　　

保护见义勇为立法17载无果 Protection legislation and heroic in fruit

　　从1995年首次立法研讨会算起，我国《见义勇为人员权益保障条例》历经17载，至今仍未出台。

From the first time in 1995 international conference on legislation count，Our country《Never hesitated to personnel rights and interests protection regulations》After 17 in，Yet to come。

　　多年来，我国一直在国家层面没有针对见义勇为人员权益保护的专门法规政策。民政部副部长孙绍骋介绍，涉及见义勇为人员权益保护的法律规定，散见于《烈士褒扬条例》、《军人抚恤优待条例》和《工伤保险条例》等不同的法规中。公民实施见义勇为的行为，如果不符合上述政策，则无法享受相应待遇。比如，农民、学生等无单位人员见义勇为死亡，不能被追认为烈士的，也很难视同工伤来支付补助金。

For many years，Our country has been in the national level no heroic rights and interests protection personnel for the special law and policy。The ministry of SunShao better vice minister is introduced，The protection of the rights and heroic personnel involved in law，Referring to《Martyrs compliment regulations》、《Military pensions and preferential regulations》and《Inductrial injury insurance regulations》And so on the different regulations。Implementation of the behavior of the heroic citizens，If do not accord with the above policy，Cannot enjoy the corresponding treatment。For example，farmers、Students without unit personnel such as heroic death，That can't be chased the martyrs，And it is hard to inspect with inductrial injury to pay for subsidies。

　　而且各地对“见义勇为”的认定差别很大，造成了同一种见义勇为行为在不同省市所受到待遇不一致的情况。中国人民公安大学教授邢捷曾举例：比如保安跟犯罪嫌疑人搏斗受伤，在广东可认定为见义勇为，但在四川却不能。因为广东的定性是“法定职责以外实施的行为”；四川是“履行特定义务以外的行为”。此外，邢捷介绍，不同部门来认定见义勇为行为，也有不同做法；赔偿标准也不一，有的十万元有的仅三五万。

And for all“Never hesitated to”The cognizance of the difference is very big，The same kind of heroic behavior caused by different provinces and cities in salary is not consistent。Chinese people's security, for example, a professor at the university of XingJie once：Such as security guards with the criminal suspect battles were injured，In guangdong can be identified as heroic，But in sichuan cannot。Because of guangdong is qualitative“Legal duties other than implement the behavior”；Sichuan is“To perform specific obligations outside of the behavior”。In addition，XingJie introduced，Different departments to recognize the heroic behavior，There are different methods；Compensation standard also differ，Some one hundred thousand yuan some 350 thousand only。

　　7月19日，国务院办公厅转发《关于加强见义勇为人员权益保护的意见》。民政部副部长孙绍骋昨日解读称，这是国家层面首次颁布针对见义勇为人员权益保护的专门政策。《意见》首次统一了见义勇为伤亡人员的抚恤及补助标准。同时，对于异地见义勇为人员，《意见》要求事发地有义务告知户籍所在地政府，避免待遇落实出现空白。

July 19,，The state council on forwarding《On strengthening the protection of the rights of the heroic personnel opinion》。The ministry of SunShao better vice minister yesterday reading says，This is the first time on the national level issued by the special rights and interests protection heroic personnel policy。《opinion》The first united the casualties of the heroic pension and allowances。At the same time，For different ground never hesitated to personnel，《opinion》Request the have the obligation to inform census register seat of the government，Avoid treatment implement appears blank。

　　7月，中华见义勇为基金会秘书长郭玉英在接受媒体采访时也表示，目前，《见义勇为人员权益保障条例（草案）》有望明年报至国务院法制办，按照立法程序，估计最快后年可以出台。（记者 魏铭言）

July，The foundation's secretary-general GuoYuYing accept heroic in media interviews also said，At present，《Never hesitated to personnel rights and interests protection regulations（draft）》Is expected to report to the legislation office of the state council next year，According to the legislative process，Estimates will be available the same fastest。（Reporter MingYan wei）

　　（魏铭言）

（W MingYan）