这些似乎印证了徐耀此前的判断。一年前，新生入学后，身为研究生导师的徐耀，在自己的博客上以两个真实的事例提醒学生：通过考研来缓解就业是不大可能的事情本科毕业于同一所大学，一名学生选择直接去南方某家钢铁公司，一年后月薪8000元，工作有声有色；另一名学生选择读研，毕业后再去应聘这家公司，竟无功而返，如今是月薪2000多元的“北漂”。

These seem to confirm XuYao previous judgment。A year ago，New after admission，As a graduate student of XuYao tutor，In his blog to two real example remind students：Through one's deceased father grind to relieve employment is not likely to be things in the same university undergraduate course graduation，A student to choose to go to the south a home directly steel company，After a year of $8000 a month，Work sound and color；Another students choose to go to graduate school，After the graduation to apply for the company，Naught but，Today is 2000 yuan a month“North drift”。

　　上述两组数据被不少媒体以《研究生学历贬值，就业率连年不如本科生》为题加以报道后，很快在社会上激起波澜，有网友调侃：只有人民币在升值，其他的都在贬值。随即，诸如“研究生就业不如本科生，本科生就业不如专科生”、“研究生就业率降低，本科生望而却步，不敢报考”等相关报道和评论纷至沓来。

The above two sets of data by many in the media《Graduate student degree devaluation，The employment rate in successive years as an undergraduate》Topic to report，Soon raised in society waves，Netizens to make fun of：Only RMB in appreciate，The other is in the dollar。immediately，Such as“Graduate employment as an undergraduate，Undergraduate employment as junior college students”、“Graduate employment rate reduced，Undergraduate flinch，Can't enter oneself for an examination”Related stories and comments follow。

　　事实真是如此吗？近日，包括徐耀在内的多位研究生导师、教育学者、高校就业指导中心负责人员在接受中国青年报记者采访时均表示，这些说法值得进一步调查和推敲。

The fact is that so？recently，XuYao, including more than the tutor、Education scholars、Universities employment instruction center is responsible for personnel in accept China youth daily reporter to interview all said，These claims deserves further investigation and scrutiny。

多个就业数据统计相互“打架” More jobs data statistics mutual“fight”

　　这些人士首先质疑的是两份数据的来源及其权威性。有关扩招的数据，分别出自教育部、国家发改委5月联合下发的《2012年全国研究生招生计划的通知》和《2003年教育统计数据》，前者显示，2012年，我国研究生计划招生规模达584416人；后者显示，2003年，研究生招生总数为268925人，博士生48740人，硕士生220007人。两者相较得出，2012年的招生规模比2003年增长了1.17倍。

These are the people who first questioned as two of the data sources and their authority。The enrollment expansion of data，From the ministry of education, respectively、The national development and reform commission may jointly issued《In 2012 the national plan of graduate student recruit students of the notice》and《2003 education statistics》，The former show，2012 years，Graduate student enrollment scale in China plans to 584416；The latter shows，2003 years，The total number of graduate student recruit students for 268925 people，Doctoral student 48740 people，Master's 220007 people。Compared with both that，2012 years of the recruitment of students scale than 2003 increased 1.17 times。

　　这一源自权威部门的最新统计并未引起太多争议，人们的质疑在于“结论数据”在不少专家看来，“扩招”是“原因数据”，而“研究生就业率低于本科生”则是“结论数据”“硕士生的就业率连续3年不及本科生”。

The latest statistics from authorities did not cause too much controversy，People in the question“Conclusion data”In many experts believe，“Enrollment expansion”is“Reason data”，and“Graduate employment rate lower than undergraduates”is“Conclusion data”“The employment rate of the master for three consecutive years less than undergraduates”。

　　从最先发出这一消息的中央人民广播电台的报道来看，其数据出自由教育部全国高等学校学生信息咨询与就业指导中心编著的《全国高校毕业生就业状况》。经记者查阅发现，《全国高校毕业生就业状况（2004～2008）》包含的只有2004～2008年之间的高校毕业生就业信息数据，并无2009年以后的数据，故不可能得出“研究生就业率2009年以后连续3年低于本科生”的结论；而《全国高校毕业生就业状况（2009～2010）》一书中的数据则显示，2009年的博士生、硕士生的就业率分别是79.9%和81.2%，均高于本科生的79.6%。这与媒体所称“2009～2010年，硕士生的就业率甚至不及本科生”的说法也不相符。

From the first from the news of the central people's broadcasting station reports and see，The data by the education ministry gives free college students' information consultation and employment guidance center)《The national university graduate employment situation》。The reporter found access，《The national university graduate employment situation（2004-2008）》Contains only 2004-2008 in the employment of college graduates between information and data，And there is no after 2009 years of data，So it is impossible to reach“2009 years after graduate employment rate for three consecutive years less than undergraduates”conclusion；and《The national university graduate employment situation（2009-2010）》A book of data is displayed，2009 years of doctor、The employment rate of the master are 79.9% and 81.2%，Are higher than the 79.6% of undergraduates。This and media said“2009 ~ 2010，The employment rate of master's not even undergraduates”The claim is not consistent。

　　在互联网上搜索发现，凡是提及“自2009年起，研究生的就业率连续3年不如本科生”的报道，大多是泛泛而谈，仅有少数提及了具体的就业率。2011年9月发布的《河北省高校毕业生就业情况调查报告》是其中一份：2009年，研究生、本科生、专科生的就业率分别为77.22%、86.72%、86.99%；2010年，研究生、本科生、专科生的就业率分别为80.55%、89.49%、85.53%；2011年前三季度，分别为55.27%、83.29%、80.14%。

Search found on the Internet，All mentioned“Since 2009，Graduate employment rate for three years as an undergraduate”reports，Most are generalized，Only a few references to the specific employment。Released in September 2011《Hebei university graduates' employment survey report》Is one of a：2009 years，Graduate student、undergraduate、The employment rate of junior college students were 77.22%、86.72%、86.99%；2010 years，Graduate student、undergraduate、The employment rate of junior college students were 80.55%、89.49%、85.53%；2011 years ago the third quarter，Were 55.27%、83.29%、80.14%。

　　但是，这类地方数据并不足以成为“硕士生的就业率不及本科生”在全国范围内成立的有力证明。此外，从已经公开的数据来看，一些其他有关研究生与本科生就业率的数据统计存在相互“打架”的情况

but，This kind of place is not enough to be the data“The employment rate of master than undergraduates”In the national scope of established strong evidence。In addition，The data from the public already see，Some other relevant graduate and undergraduate employment data exist mutual statistics“fight”situation

　　根据《2011年高校毕业生就业情况分析调查报告》来看，2011年高校毕业生就业落实率呈现出“两头高中间低”的特点：本科生的落实率最低，为68.7%；博士生的落实率最高，为83.0%；其次是专科生，为76.7%；第三是硕士生，为75.3%。这份来自北京大学教育学院的就业统计就与“研究生就业率不如本科生”的论断存在差异。

According to《In 2011, the employment of college graduates analysis report》To see，In 2011, the employment of college graduates LaShiLv presents“Two head high among low”Characteristics of：Undergraduate LaShiLv minimum，68.7%；Doctor's LaShiLv supreme，83.0%；Next is the junior college students，76.7%；The third is the master，75.3%。This is from Beijing university college of education and employment statistics“Graduate employment as an undergraduate”The judge in different ways。

　　作为专门研究劳动经济学的学者，对外经济贸易大学副教授李长安对“硕士生的就业情况不如本科生”的说法持怀疑态度。他告诉中国青年报记者，此前他看过一个有关教育收益率的调查，即每增加一年受教育年限收入增长的幅度。结果显示，本科生月薪大多分布在2500～3500元，平均为2767元；而66.2%的硕士生的起薪集中在3500～5500元，平均月薪为4317元。研究生就业收入要远远高于本科生。

As a special study of the labor economics of scholars，Foreign economic and trade, associate professor at the university of LiChangAn“The master of the employment as an undergraduate”Claims have doubts。He told the China youth daily reporter，After he saw a relevant education yields investigation，Namely every gain a year by education fixed number of year revenue growth rate。The results show，Most of the 2500 undergraduates monthly salary distribution ~ 3500 yuan，An average of 2767 yuan；And 66.2% of the master's starting salary concentrated in 3500 ~ 5500 yuan，The average monthly salary of 4317 yuan。Graduate employment income should be far higher than undergraduates。

　　他不明白的是，收入这一重要的就业指标竟未放入一些研究生与本科生的就业情况对比之中。

He doesn't know what is，Income, the important employment indicators have not put in some graduate and undergraduate employment situation of contrast。

就业率统计口径五花八门，单就签约率而言，研究生要远远高于本科生 Employment statistics caliber is multifarious，Single I signed for rate，Graduate students far better than undergraduates

　　这就涉及就业率以及整个就业情况的统计口径问题。一直以来，高校就业率统计的科学性备受诟病，一个重要的原因就是教育行政部门和高校对外公开的就业率往往是一个整体的数字，通过有限的信息，人们很难说清楚这个数字到底包含哪些具体的指标，其中的隐性就业和所谓的灵活就业，即“暂时找不到工作”的又占有多大比例。

This involves the whole of jobs and employment statistics caliber problem。Has been，The scientific nature of the university employment statistics are reviled，An important reason is the education administrative departments and the public universities of employment is often a whole number，Through the limited information，It is hard to say exactly what the number contain specific indicators，One of the hidden employment and so-called flexible employment，namely“Temporary couldn't find a job”And how much possession ratio。

　　看到研究生的就业率连续3年不及本科生的新闻报道后，21世纪教育研究院院长杨东平的第一反应便是询问数据来自哪里，是否有科学的调查方法，而不是立即根据现有数据进行原因分析。

See the employment rate of graduate student for three consecutive years of undergraduate students after less than news reports，21 century education research institute President YangDongPing first reaction is to ask the data come from，Whether there is a scientific research method，Not according to the existing data immediately cause analysis。

　　在接受中国青年报记者采访时，杨东平讲起了研究生扩招与本科生扩招之间的简单联系。他认为，研究生扩招是本科生扩招的一种后果：2002年以后，原本扩招的大量本科生进入就业市场，在就业市场还未形成较强的消化能力之前，作为消化本科生的一种对策，研究生吸纳了很大一部分本科毕业生，导致研究生不断扩招。

In an interview with China youth daily reporter，YangDongPing to speak about the graduate student enrollment expansion and undergraduate enrollment expansion of contact between simple。He thinks，Graduate student enrollment expansion is a consequence of undergraduate enrollment expansion：2002 years later，Originally a large number of undergraduate enrollment expansion into the job market，In the job market has not formed a strong digestive ability before，As a digestive undergraduate a countermeasures，A big part of graduate student recruit graduates，Lead to graduate student enrollment expansion。

　　从这个角度来看，对比研究生与本科生之间的就业率并无太大意义，如北京师范大学副教授邢春冰所言，“如果这些人不读研究生，本科毕业后又会怎样呢？”

From this perspective，Compared with the rate of employment among undergraduate students graduate students and without too much significance，Such as Beijing normal university XingChunBing associate professor said，“If these people do not read a graduate student，Bachelor degree after graduation and do？”

　　最重要的一点是，在就业率统计中，继续升学深造被视为已就业，而众所周知，本科生读研的比例要远远高于硕士生读博。

The most important is，In the employment rate of statistics，To continue with school for further study is deemed to have employment，And as is known to all，The proportion of the undergraduate students to go to graduate school than read bo master。

　　以上海市一所985高校的内部统计为例：截至2011年8月31日，该校连续3年的本科生就业率分别是92.10%、95.15%和94.68%，研究生的则是96.73%、98.14%和97.45%，这一数据已与“研究生就业率连续3年不如本科生”的说法背道而驰。

In a Shanghai 985 university internal statistics for example：By August 31, 2011，The school for three consecutive years of undergraduate employment rate respectively were 92.10%、95.15% and 94.68%，The graduate student is 96.73%、98.14% and 97.45%，The data already and“Graduate employment rate for three years as an undergraduate”Run counter to the statement。

　　而细看这份就业统计可以发现，研究生的就业情况未必不如本科生，甚至会远远好于本科生。以该校2011年的就业数据为例，研究生总数为3487人，其中升学和出国人数分别为118人和187人，签约人数为2428人，占总数的69.63%；反观本科生，总数为3044人，其中升学和出国人数分别是852人和760人，签约人数则仅有1149人，仅占总数的37.74%。这意味着，从传统意义上的就业指标即与第三方法人签约的数量来看，研究生的就业率可以达到69.63%，本科生仅有37.74%，而超过50%的本科生都要通过在国内或者国外读研深造来“完成”就业。

And peered at the employment statistics can be found，Graduate employment situation may not as an undergraduate，Even far better than undergraduates。In 2011, the school of employment data for example，Graduate students for a total of 3487 people，Higher education and the number of abroad 118 and 187 respectively，Signing the population is 2428 people，Accounting for 69.63% of the total；Undergraduate students in，For a total of 3044 people，Higher education and the number of abroad is 852 and 760 respectively，Signing the number only 1149 people，Accounted for only 37.74% of the total。This means that，From the traditional sense of employment index, that is legal person signing with a third party volume，Graduate employment rate to 69.63%，Undergraduate only 37.74%，And more than 50% of undergraduates through to go to graduate school at home or abroad for further study“complete”employment。

　　类似的比例在该校2009～2010年的就业率统计中也能看到，连续两年，该校研究生签约人数占总数的66.99%、68.95%，而本科生的签约人数仅占总数的43.10%和37.69%。

A similar proportion in the 2009 ~ 2010 years of employment statistics can see，For two consecutive years，That school graduate student signing number or 66.99% of the total、68.95%，And the number of undergraduates signed only 43.10% and 37.69% of the total。

　　在李长安看来，考研升学已成为当下本科生毕业后的重要“出路”，乃至造就了本科生较高的就业率，人们对此并非不了解，而一旦谈及具体的就业率时，更多地只看整体，却很少细究其中工作签约的比率。

In LiChangAn seems，One's deceased father grind entrance has become widespread undergraduate of important after graduation“Way out”，And even make the undergraduate higher employment，This is not people do not understand，And once talked about specific employment，More only see the whole，But few of the ratio of not signing。

　　杨东平还提到一点：不同的学校和不同的学科就业情况差别相当大。一些重点高校，尤其是“985”、“211”高校的研究生，其培养质量相对较高，就业问题并不突出，但是在宏观统计中，由于地方院校“占大头”，可能会拉了整个研究生就业率的后腿，毕竟，地方院校在研究生培养质量上相对较差，结构性的问题可能更突出。

YangDongPing also mentioned a little：Different schools and different disciplines the employment situation quite big difference。Some key universities，especially“985”、“211”University graduate，The training quality relatively high，The employment problem is not outstanding，But in the macro statistics，Because the local colleges and universities“Accounted for big head”，May the graduate student of employment, hind legs，After all，Local colleges and universities on the quality of graduate student training in relatively poor，Structural problems may be more prominent。

　　对比就业率时，还有许多需要注意的细节。比如人们看到的多是初次就业率，即截至毕业生毕业当年8月份的就业情况。而在李长安看来，研究生就业相对本科生需要更长的“蛰伏”期，因此在初次就业率上并不占优势。另有分析表明，博士研究生的初次就业率相对较低，这也拖了整个研究生就业率的后腿。

Contrast when the employment rate，And many of the need to pay attention to details。Such as people see how is the first time the employment，That is by graduates from that year August employment。And in LiChangAn opinion，Graduate employment relative undergraduate need longer“dormant”period，So in the first on the employment rate is not dominant。Another analysis shows that，Ph.D. Students first employment rate is relatively low，It also took the whole graduate student employment rate on the hind legs。

就业率低成学历“贬值”发泄途径 The employment rate low into degree“depreciation”outlet

　　尽管高校毕业生就业率“注水”早已不是新闻，社会并不相信就业率的统计数字，但“研究生就业率不如本科生”的消息还是被大肆传播，其背后暴露出研究生培养的问题值得深思。

Despite the employment of college graduates“Water injection”Had not news，Society does not believe that the rate of employment statistics，but“Graduate employment as an undergraduate”Or is the news of the pandemic，The reasoning behind the problem of graduate student training exposed to ponder。

　　尽管杨东平不愿将就业率与学生的培养质量联系在一起，也很难看到其中有哪些深层次的因果关系，但他依然相信，当下的研究生培养出现了大问题，以至对其就业率的解读都要成为学历“贬值”的发泄途径。正如不少网友评论所言：研究生教育已经“掺了水”。教育部门在对大学本科扩招踩刹车的同时，又摊大了研究生教育的“大饼”；而当前大学教育质量下滑，形成了“一届不如一届”的贬值链也是不争的事实。

Although YangDongPing unwillingness to employment and the education of the students quality linked together，And it is hard to see what are the deep level of causality，But he still believe，The current postgraduate training appear a big problem，So that the interpretation of the employment rate will be degree“depreciation”outlet。Just as many users comments said：Graduate students education has been“Mixed with water”。Education department of university undergraduate enrollment expansion in on the brakes at the same time，And the graduate student education of the stall“pie”；And the current university education quality is going，formed“As the session”The decline in the value of the chain is the fact that does not dispute。

　　在21世纪教育研究院副院长熊丙奇看来，研究生的扩招，并不是从研究生本身的教育规律出发考虑，而是在一味地追求办学规模、办学政绩和现实利益，使我国的研究生教育30余年的时间就走完了美国100多年的路，实现了“赶美超英”的目标。一个重要的佐证是

In the 21 st century, vice President of the education research institute XiongBingJi opinion，Graduate student of enrollment expansion，Graduate students were not the education laws of consider itself，But in blindly pursuing its scale、School achievements and realistic interests，The graduate education in our country more than 30 years, the time it covered the 100 years of road，realized“Cast beauty Chris”goal。An important evidence is

　　国务院学位办的数据显示，中国大陆获准授予学士学历的大学有700多所，美国有1000多所，但我们拥有博士授权资格的高校超过310所，而美国只有253所。

The state council XueWeiBan figures show，China allowed to award bachelor's degree of the university has more than 700，The United States has more than 1000，But we have authorized by the university for dr. More than 310，And the United States had 253。

　　熊丙奇告诉记者，按照这种思路发展下去，研究生教育质量下降、研究生就业前景不佳的情况还将进一步恶化。

XiongBingJi told reporters，In this line of thinking.，Graduate students education quality decreased、Graduate employment woes situation will worsen。

　　在一家科研院所的科技创新讨论会上，科研人员在讨论起人才培养和人事晋升制度时，纷纷抱怨近几年学历贬值现象。他们认为，当前国内多数单位通过多种计划和名目来聘请国外留学人才，这不仅加速了国内高学历人才的贬值，对国内人才培养整体路线也是一种冲击。甚至有科研人员在博客中以“要想念博士，就去国外念”为题发文，并在文章结尾写出了另一个担忧，“如果国内对人才的培养和选拔再无统一规划，恐怕海归急速贬值的时代也要来临了。”(记者 邱晨辉 实习生 宋天卓)

In a research institutes of technology innovation discussion，Scientific research personnel in the cultivation of talents and to discuss the personnel promotion system，In recent years are complaining degree devaluation phenomenon。They think，The current majority of domestic unit through a variety of plan and names to invite foreign student talent，This is not only accelerating the domestic highly educated talents in the dollar，To domestic talent training whole route is also a kind of impact。Even a scientific research personnel to blogs“Dr to miss，Will go to the overseas”Postings under the，And in the end the paper to write another worry，“If domestic of talents training and selection of there is no unified planning，I'm afraid the era of rapid devaluation sea to also want to come......。”(Reporter high SongTianZhuo chenhui interns)