1929年父亲接受了清华大学的邀请，做清华大学数学系教授，我们一家三口搬到清华园。那时没有清华附中，小学毕业都要到城里念中学，城里跟清华距离非常远，校车每天有几趟穿过农田进城，所以同学们到城里念书都住校，我也这样进了崇德中学（现北京市第31中学）。崇德中学是英国圣公会办的。

In 1929, on fathers accepted the invitation of tsinghua university，Do tsinghua university mathematics professor，All three of us moved to settled。At that time there was no the secondary school attached to tsinghua university，Graduated from elementary school to high school to the city，The city with tsinghua distance is very far，The school bus every day there are several times through the farmland into the city，So the students to study in the city are in residence，So I went into the chong DE middle school（Now Beijing 31 middle school）。Chong DE middle school is the British Anglican do。

　　有一件事情，我现在知道父亲做了很正确的决定。我很小的时候父亲就发现我数学的本领很好，可是他的想法是“这个孩子数学本领很好用不着着急，可是他对中国传统文化所知道的恐怕不够多”，所以特别需要补充我在这方面的知识。初中的两个暑假，父亲找了清华大学历史系高材生丁则良，丁先生在文史方面有很高造诣，父亲请他每天早晨给我补习《孟子》。两个暑假我把《孟子》从头到尾背熟了。因为丁先生历史知识非常丰富，他给我讲到中国历史上种种事件，使我对中国古时候的历史发生了很大兴趣。今天回想起来，我觉得父亲当时所做的事情是非常正确的。

There is one thing that，I now know father do a right decision。I was young father, I found I mathematical ability is very good，But his idea is“The child mathematical talent is to use no worry，But he traditional to China culture know not enough, I'm afraid”，So special need to supplement my knowledge。Junior high school of two summer vacation，Father found a tsinghua university history department gifted student butyl is good，Mr. Ding in history have high attainments，Father please every morning he take lessons for me《mencius》。Two summer vacation I put《mencius》From the beginning to the end back ripe。Because Mr. Ding history knowledge is very rich，He gave me a variety of events about Chinese history，Make me to the history of the Chinese ancient times there have been great interest。Looking back today，I think my father was do is very correct。

　　反观现在，不仅在中国，我们不停地在报纸上看见某某人的孩子12岁就进大学了。十几年前我在新加坡碰到了一位马来西亚华裔父亲带着一个12岁的孩子，他说孩子非常聪明，马上就可以考大学了。我考了考这个孩子，果然觉得他很聪明。可是我给了他们一些建议，我告诉他我父亲让我学《孟子》的故事，我说“你这个孩子已经学得很快，你何必要着急呢。而你要特别训练他，现在就把他送到大学去，对他的身心发展是不利的”，我劝他不要把孩子送到大学去。他没有听我的话，把小孩送到了当时的马来西亚大学。最近我到新加坡打听了一下，当时很有名的孩子，现在已经不知道到什么地方去了。

Now in，Not only in China，We kept in the newspaper to see so-and-so children 12 years old up into college。Ten years ago, I met in Singapore a Malaysian Chinese father with a 12 years old children，He says the children are very clever，Soon can take an examination of the university。I take the exam this child，Indeed as expected think he is very clever。But I give them some advice，I told him my father let me learn《mencius》story，I said“You this child has to learn very quickly，"Why do you want to worry about it。And you would like to train him，Now he sent him to go to university，To his physical and mental development is adverse”，I advised him not to take the children to go to university。He did not listen to my words，The child was sent to the university of Malaysia。I recently to Singapore about it，At that time very famous child，Now don't know where to go。

　　我在崇德念了四年，从初一到高一。崇德有一个很小的图书馆，我常常进去浏览，我劝今天的年轻人也常常做这件事。中国教育体制下，整个教育哲学是希望孩子们“专”，“专”有它的好处，可也有它的缺点。它的缺点就是使每个小孩不敢把知识面扩充开。那时候崇德中学的图书馆只有一间小屋子，可是这间小屋子对我有很好的作用。这里有一个月刊杂志叫《中学生》，我从《中学生》里学到了很多。我在初一时看杂志上的一个数字游戏，就了解了非常重要的数学概念“排列”、“组合”。

I read in the wishes for four years，From the first to the higher。Wishes to have a small library，I often go in browsing，I advise the young people of today are often do it。China's education system，The whole education philosophy is hope the children“designed”，“designed”It's good to have，But also has its disadvantages。Its defect is to make each child would not dare to open knowledge expansion。At that time, chong DE middle school library is only a small room，But this small room for me to have the very good effect。Here is a monthly magazine called《Middle school students》，I'm from《Middle school students》The learned a lot。I am in a magazine to see at the beginning of a Numbers game，He understood very important mathematical concepts“arrangement”、“combination”。

　　我记得很清楚，那时候看到另一本书叫《亚洲腹地旅行记》，作者是瑞典人，他20世纪初到了中国新疆，在塔克拉玛干大沙漠，他差点丧失了生命，看了他的书，我也特别想哪一天穿越塔克拉玛干大沙漠。

I remember very clearly，At that time see another book call《Asian hinterland voyage》，The writer is Swedish，He came to China at the beginning of the 20th century in xinjiang，In the taklimakan desert，He almost lost life，Look at his book，I also want to which day crossing taklimakan desert。

　　在那个小图书馆里我还看到了一个英国天文物理学家写的书《神秘的宇宙》的译文。这本书对我有相当大的影响，书中描述的是20世纪头30年物理学的大革命，即狭义相对论、广义相对论和量子力学。作者用通俗的语言把这些革命的精神介绍了一下，我看后感觉震撼而激动，觉得这是值得我努力的一个方向。

In that small library I also saw a British astrophysicist book《Mysterious universe》translation。This book for I have considerable influence，The book describes the 20 century first 30 years physics revolution，Namely special theory of relativity、General relativity and quantum mechanics。The author USES popular language put these revolutionary spirit has a brief introduction，I see the feeling after shock and excited，Think this is worth to me a direction。

　　1937年抗战开始，我们全家离开北平，回到合肥，1938年到了昆明刚刚成立的西南联大。刚去时没有房子，在城西北郊外盖一些茅草房，一个茅草房里放20个双层床，可以住40个同学。就在这样非常简陋的宿舍里我过了6年的生活。当时非常简单，饭堂没有板凳和椅子，大家都站着吃，饭是粗米，里面常有糠皮、小石子。

In 1937 started the war of resistance，Our whole family left Peiping，Back to hefei，In 1938 came to kunming has been set up in the southwest of the general assembly。Just to go without a house，In the city northwest outskirts cover some MaoCaoFang，A MaoCaoFang put 20 double bed，Can live 40 students。In this very simple dormitory I had six years of life。At that time is very simple，The dining hall have no bench and chair，Everyone stood to eat，Rice is rough rice，From inside often、Small stones。

　　在西南联大研究院的两年，我最熟的两个朋友是黄昆和张守廉，我们三人在物理系是同班研究生，后来都出国得了博士学位。黄昆1951年回国。1950年代半导体是一个新兴的物理学研究方向，黄昆在20世纪50年代把半导体物理学引进中国。他在2000年得到中国第一次颁发的国家最高科学技术奖，江泽民主席亲自给他颁奖。

The general assembly in southwest institute of two years，I am most of your two friends is wisecarver and ZhangShouLian，We three people in the department of physics are graduate students，Then go abroad every got doctoral degree。Wisecarver returning to China in 1951。In the 1950 s semiconductor is a new research direction of physics，Wisecarver in the 1950 s the semiconductor physics introduced into China。In 2000 he get China's first issued by the highest national awards for science，President jiang zemin himself to his award。

　　我们三个人当时在西南联大有一阵子是同屋，非常熟，而且我们都是在物理学、量子学方面研究，我们经常辩论，这些辩论对我们以后对学术的了解有决定性的影响。我后来在一篇文章上这样描述我们的生活，“学校里没有饮用水，所以同学们常常晚饭后去校外的一个茶馆喝茶，两个铜板，大家坐上两三个小时高谈阔论。喝茶的时候加一盘花生米已经是非常享受了，可是我们没有更多的苦楚，我们不觉得颓丧，因为我们有获得知识的满足和快乐。这种十分简单的生活却影响着我们对物理的认识，形成了我们对物理工作的热爱，从而对我们以后的研究历程奠定了基础”。

We three people were in southwest associated university is my roommate for a while，Very ripe，And we are in physics、Quantum science research，We often debate，These debate for our future on the academic understanding has decisive influence。I later in an article described this way on our life，“School no drinking water，So the students often after supper outside to a teahouse drinking tea，Two copper，We sit on two or three hours of talk。Drinking tea and a plate of peanuts has been very enjoy，But we have no more suffering，We do not feel dejected，Because we have to get knowledge of satisfaction and happiness。This is very simple life but affect our understanding of the physics，The formation of our love of physical work，Thus for our future research laid the foundation course”。

　　西南联大的六年对我一生有重要的决定性影响，那时日本军队占领了全国最重要的城市，要灭亡中国。同学们有深深的忧患意识，这个忧患意识现在回想起来对我们有决定性的影响。我们知道在这个时期我们能坐下来读书是极不容易的事情，所以大家都十分努力，后来有大成就的人很多。我认为是忧患意识促成了抗战时期全国艰苦奋斗的精神，“起来，不愿做奴隶的人们”是我们这一辈人永远不会忘记的歌词。今天每当听到这个歌词唱出来，我还是有触及灵魂的感受。

Southwest associated university six years of my life to have important decisive influence，At that time the Japanese army occupied the most important city，China will perish。The students have a deep suffering consciousness，The suffering consciousness in retrospect to we have a decisive influence。We know that in this period, we can sit down and reading is very easy thing，So everyone very hard，And the great achievements of many people。I think is suffering consciousness contributed to the Anti-Japanese War the arduous struggle the spirit，“up，Don't let the slave's people”Is our this generation people will never forget the words。Today, whenever I hear the lyrics sing it out，I still have touch the feelings of soul。

　　也是这种忧患意识，使得我们这一辈中国大学生发奋努力。今天我们已经走进了历史，今天和明天是你们年轻人的时代。今天的时代是什么样呢？

This is also suffering consciousness，Make us this generation Chinese college students work all the harder。Today, we have entered the history，Today and tomorrow is your age of young people。Today's age is what kind of？

　　是充满活力、全国高速发展、中华民族复兴的大时代。今天中华民族的实力在高速成长，一个国家的GDP增长率达到每年5%，就是非常骄人的事情。而中国这些年发展速度高于每年10%，这么多的人口这么高速发展，在人类历史上是史无前例的。

Is full of vitality、The high speed development、The Chinese nation the great age of the Renaissance。Today the Chinese nation's strength in the high-speed growth，A country's GDP growth to 5% a year，Is very proud things。While China years development speed higher than 10% a year，So much of the population so high speed development，In human history is unprecedented。

　　同学们，成长在这样一个高速发展的国家里，在这样一个史无前例的大时代，请不要忘记要抓住大时代所给你们每一个人的机遇。（杨振宁 本文是作者8月5日在全国青少年高校科学营上所作报告，有删节，标题为编者所加）

The students，Grew up in such a high speed development of the country，In such an unprecedented era，Please don't forget to seize the big era has given you, each and every one of opportunity。（Yang is the author in this paper on August 5, in the national youth university science camp in the report，Have cut down，The heading is editor upon）