随着45名年轻人走入正在深圳筹建、尚未获准招生的南方科技大学，中国1977年恢复统一高考以来最为激进的高等学校招生探索在2011年开始了。

With 45 young man into is shenzhen preparation、Not allowed to recruit students of the university of science and technology of the south，China 1977 years since the recovery unified the university entrance exam is the most radical of higher school recruit students explore in 2011 began。

　　更为激进的故事发生在这年夏天。6月，这些男孩女孩拒绝参加权威的高考。此举使他们成为很多人眼中“抵制”国家考试制度的勇士，虽然一些学生甚至没有完成中学教育，原本就不具备高考报名资格。

More radical story happened in the summer this year。June，These boys and girls refused to attend the university entrance exam of authority。This makes them many people's eyes“boycott”The mighty men of the state examination system，Although some students didn't even finish high school education，Originally will not have the university entrance exam qualification。

　　他们自愿参加了南方科大创校校长朱清时院士设立的“实验”。入学时不参加高考，毕业时也不会获得政府认可的学位。在校方的设想中，他们将获得自设的学位证书。至于这本证书能否比良莠不齐的教育培训机构所授证书更具竞争力，取决于该校的教育是否会如创办人预期的那样美好。

They volunteer to participate in the south university and school principal academician zhu qingshi established“The experiment”。When not to participate in college entrance examination admission，Graduate will not receive government approval degree。In the school in the idea of，They will get custom degree certificate。As for this certificate can be better than the good and bad are intermingled of education training institutions granted certificate more competitive，The school of education depends on whether such as founder of the expected as happy。

　　迎接他们的并不都是赞美。

To meet them all are not praise。

　　在放弃高考之前，一名学生发表了一封公开信，形容包括自己在内的这些人，“为中国的教育改革作出了最大的牺牲，放弃了一切，甘愿成为一些人眼中的小白鼠”。

In giving up before the college entrance examination，A student has published an open letter，Describe the people, including me，“For China's education reform has made the supreme sacrifice，Abandoned all，Willing to be some in the eyes of the little white rat”。

　　朱清时校长也写过一封用于招生宣传的公开信，鼓励那些想成为“小白鼠”的学生及其家长，开篇即借用人类首次登月时的名言形容：“南科大迈出的一小步，将是我国高教改革的一大步。”这位校长承认，争取自主权的实验让他“如履薄冰”。

Zhu qingshi President also wrote a letter for recruitment of students propaganda open letter，Encourage those who want to become“mice”The students and their parents，The opening namely use human when first moon landing the words of description：“Take one small step south university，The reform of higher education in our country will be a big step。”The President admitted that，Strive for independence experiment let him“On thin ice”。

　　对于每年挤在“独木桥”上的千万高考考生来说，南方科技大学未获批准的“自主招生”只是一条遥不可及的羊肠小道。即便是教育部认可的正式大学的自主招生，用中国农业大学校长柯炳生的话来说，迄今为止“与99.9%以上的考生没有直接关系”。

Each year to squeeze in“bridge”The university entrance exam candidates do it，The south university of science and technology is not approved“Autonomous enrolment”Just a remote may not and the narrow meandering footpath。Even if is the ministry of education approved the formal university autonomous enrolment，With China agricultural university President KeBingSheng words，So far“And more than 99.9% of the candidates have no direct relation”。

　　柯炳生的依据是，每年以自主招生形式录取的考生大约在1.5万人，其中的三分之二没有自主招生的优惠也可以进入同样的学校，真正享受到优惠的考生为5000人左右，占考生总量的0.05%。

KeBingSheng basis is，Each year in the independent recruitment of students admitted to form the examinee of about 15000 people，One of the two thirds no independent enrollment of preferential can also enter the same school，Really enjoy preferential examinee is about 5000 people，Accounted for 0.05% of the total candidates。

　　同样，自主招生也与绝大多数高校无关。在官方的语言体系中，并不存在“自主招生”这个词语。从2003年开始，教育部批准一些高校开展“自主选拔录取试点工作”，此后，这项工作一直处于“试点”状态，试点范围不过七八十所高校。

The same，Autonomous enrollment also and the vast majority of universities have nothing to do。In the official language system，Does not exist“Autonomous enrolment”The word。Begin from 2003，The ministry of education approved some universities“Independent selection admission pilot work”，Since then，This work has been in“pilot”state，The scope but the universities。

　　教育部最初允许每所试点高校的自主招生人数控制在该校招生总数的5%以内，这被视为打开了下放高校招生自主权的一个“口子”。截至目前，这个“口子”仍未扩大。过去几年，部分高校或多或少突破了5%的限制，对此，教育部2011年重申，“一般不超过”5%。

The ministry of education first allow each pilot college autonomous enrollment control in the school recruit students within 5% of the total，This is regarded as opened lower autonomy in college enrollment a“cut”。So far，this“cut”Still not expand。In the past few years，Some universities more or less broke through the limitation of 5%，this，The ministry of education in 2011 reiterated，“Generally not more than”5%。

　　因此，与南方科技大学脱离高考制度、100%自主招生不同的是，北京大学、清华大学等拥有自主选拔录取权限的试点高校，只能在这5%的范围内，在高考的前提下，实现部分“自主”。它们事先选中的学生仍要凭借高考成绩升学，只不过可以享受一定的降分录取优惠。

therefore，And south university of science and technology from the university entrance exam system、100% own recruit students is different，Beijing university、Tsinghua university with independent selection admission permissions pilot college，Only in the 5% range，In the premise of the university entrance exam，Realize part of“independent”。They advance the selected students are still to be on study of the university entrance exam，Just can enjoy certain drop points preferential admission。

　　高考前提下的自主招生，走得最远的莫过于复旦大学和上海交通大学。2006年以来，教育部批准这两所大学在上海等地开展了另一项试验：主要以面试的方式开展自主招生，学生仍要参加高考，但高考成绩仅供参考。

College entrance examination premise autonomous enrollment，Who have gone farthest way of fudan university and Shanghai jiaotong university。Since 2006，The ministry of education approved this two universities in Shanghai launched another test：Mainly by way of interview in the independent recruitment of students，Students are still to attend the university entrance exam，But the university entrance exam is only for reference。