小学生转基因大米试验扑朔迷离 Pupils genetically modified rice test complicated and confusing

　　一则美国机构拿中国小学生做转基因试验的消息，引起了广泛关注。

An American institutions take China the pupils to do the news of genetically modified (gm) test,Caused wide public concern.

　　8月30日，国际环保组织“绿色和平”发布消息称，美国一家科研机构选取湖南衡阳某小学学生，做转基因“黄金大米”的人体试验，其试验结果已形成学术论文。

On August 30,,International environmental groups"Green peace"announced,A U.S. research institutions select hunan hengyang a primary school student,Do transgenic"Golden rice"Human test,The test result has formed academic papers.

　　转基因大米的安全性一直颇受争议，因此上述消息引发了公众的广泛关注。

The safety of genetically modified rice has been controversial,So the above news sparked public attention.

　　对此，湖南衡阳市相关部门回应称，当地并未用小学生做转基因大米的试验，而是做了“植物中类胡萝卜素在儿童体内转化成为维生素A的效率研究”的课题试验，且所用大米均为在中国采购。

this,Hunan hengyang city related department to respond to say,The local was not in the pupils to do genetically modified rice test,But did"Plants carotenoids in children's body into vitamin A efficiency research"Subject test,And the rice are sourcing in China.

　　但是，这一说法与美国试验方说法矛盾。

but,The statement and the United States to begin testing the party statement contradictions.

　　经过记者核对，由绿色和平提供的关于以“学生作转基因大米试验”的论文，与《美国临床营养学》杂志官网所载论文完全一致。该论文显示，试验所用的就是转基因食品“黄金大米”。

After reporter check,The green peace provide about to"Students for genetically modified rice test"paper,and[The American clinical nutrition]The magazine's official website paper contained completely consistent.The paper shows that,The test is genetically modified food"Golden rice".

　　此事越发显得扑朔迷离，真相究竟是什么？

It is all the more complicated and confusing,What is the truth?

　　事件的导火索是一篇论文。

Events of the detonator is an essay.

　　今年8月初，《美国临床营养学》杂志发表了一篇名为《黄金大米和食用油中的β-胡萝卜素对儿童的维生素A补充同样有效》的论文。

Early August this year,[The American clinical nutrition]The magazine published a paper named[Golden rice and edible oil of beta carotene on children's vitamin A supplement equally effective]paper.

　　该论文显示，这项由美国塔夫茨大学的唐广文领导并获得美国国家卫生院和美国农业部资金支持的研究，已经最终完成。研究选取了72名6~8岁的健康儿童，他们全部是湖南省衡阳市一所小学的学生。其中24名儿童在21天里每日午餐进食60克“黄金大米”，并对其体内维生素A含量进行检测，得出的结论是“黄金大米”与维生素A胶囊效果相当。

The paper shows that,Study by the American tufts of TangGuangWen leadership and access to the national institutes of health and the United States department of agriculture funding research,Has finally completed.The research selected 72 6 ~ 8 years old healthy children,They are all hunan hengyang a primary school student.The 24 children in the 21st day daily lunch eat 60 grams"Golden rice",And the body vitamin A content were detected,The conclusion is"Golden rice"And vitamin A capsule effect quite.

　　绿色和平食品与农业项目主任方立峰对记者说，他们在2008年已注意到这个项目，当时准备在浙江做，“后来我们反映到了农业部，农业部回复说，已经叫停了这个项目”。

Green peace food and agriculture project director kadokawa y told reporters,In 2008 they already noticed this project,When ready to do in zhejiang province,"Later we reflect to the ministry of agriculture,The ministry of agriculture replied that,Has called the project".

　　绿色和平方面称，2012年8月1日发表于《美国临床营养学》杂志的一篇论文显示，这项研究竟然已经最终完成了。

Greenpeace said,August 1, 2012, published in[The American clinical nutrition]Magazine paper display,The study had finally completed.

　　“不知为什么后来这个项目又在进行。”方立峰说，他们现在呼吁有关部门核实这个项目的合法性，并对试验的儿童进行医学鉴定，对受到影响的儿童提供医疗和法律援助。

"Do not know why then this project and on."Kadokawa y said,They are now called on relevant departments to verify the legitimacy of this project,And the test of children medical appraisal,To affected children to provide medical and legal aid.

　　资料显示，“黄金大米”是一种转基因大米，它通过转基因技术将胡萝卜素转化酶系统转入到大米胚乳中而获得，外表为金黄色，故称“黄金大米”。1999年，瑞士农业化工巨头先正达公司研发此大米，并于2004年在美国进行试验。研发公司称此大米的主要功能为帮助人体增加维生素A吸收，而缺乏维生素A可能导致夜盲症。

Data shows,"Golden rice"Is a genetically modified rice,It through the transgenic technology will carotene transformation enzyme system to the rice endosperm and gain,Appearance for golden,It is called"Golden rice".In 1999,,Swiss agricultural chemical industry giant syngenta r&d the rice,And in 2004 in the United States test.Research and development company says the main function of the rice for help the human body to increase the absorption of vitamin A,And the lack of vitamin A may cause night blindness.

　　

中国疾控中心未回应 China CDC has not responded

　　《每日经济新闻》记者得到了一份唐广文关于此事件的声明。声明显示，其的确曾进行了这项试验，并强调得到两国相关伦理评估委员会和监管部门的批准，所有儿童均经父母同意参与试验。

[Daily economic news]Reporter got a TangGuangWen about the events of the statement.Statement shows,Its really held the test,And emphasizes the two countries related ethical evaluation committee and regulatory approval,All children are the parents have agreed to take part in test.

　　唐广文的论文里则提到，该实验中，中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所妇幼营养室组织研究和收集样品，湖南省疾病预防控制中心协调和监督研究，浙江医学科学院评估研究设计和监督研究。“我们感谢所有参加本研究的中国湖南志愿者，以及中国湖南省疾病控制中心的主管、护士和员工。”论文最后写道。

TangGuangWen paper is mentioned,The experiment,China's centers for disease control and prevention nutrition and food security maternal and child nutrition chamber organization research and sample collection,Hunan province disease prevention and control center coordination and supervision and research,Zhejiang academy of medical sciences, assessment research design and supervision and research."We thank all who participate in this research volunteers in hunan, China,Hunan province and China disease control center manager/Nurses and staff."The paper finally wrote.

　　针对此次事件，记者不断联系唐广文，但由于时差关系，得到的回复称“此时不在办公室”。

According to the incident,Reporter TangGuangWen continuous contact,But because of the time difference,Get reply said"At this time is not in the office".

　　新浪微博认证名为“新华社国际新闻即时播报”的机构微博“新国际”称：唐广文在接受新华社记者采访时承认曾进行了这项试验，但强调得到两国相关伦理评估委员会和监管部门的批准。

Sina micro bo the authentication called"Xinhua international news instant broadcast"Institutions micro bo"New international"says:TangGuangWen accept xinhua news agency reporters in an interview admitted that held the test,But stressed that the two countries related ethical evaluation committee and regulatory approval.

　　浙江省医学科学院副院长林先生则向记者表示，目前该院正在联合该试验的各合作方对试验进行专题研究。“这个实验项目的审核是从2003年开始的，由于中间经历了几届人事变动，我们目前还在核对记录，以寻找当事人，从而搞清楚事件的事实和具体过程。这个项目是同中国疾控中心合作搞的，他们应该也有记录。”他说。

Zhejiang academy of medical sciences, vice President Mr. Lin is told reporters,At present the hospital is working with the test of each partner to test for research."The experiment project audit is starts from 2003,Due to the intermediate experienced several sessions of personnel changes,We're still in the check record,For the parties,So as to make clear the facts of the incident and the specific process.This project is with the Chinese CDC cooperation make of,They should also have record."He said.

　　3日，记者致电中国疾控中心，试图采访相关事宜，中国疾控中心未否认批准此次试验项目，但表示具体问题需以传真方式采访。随后记者给对方发去采访提纲，但截至记者发稿时，仍未收到对方的回应。

Three days,Reporters call the Chinese CDC,Try to interview related affairs,The Chinese CDC did not deny that approved the test project,But said the specific problems need to fax interview.Reporters then send to interview outline,But at press time,Still have not received each other's response.

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Education weekly:The ministry of education will talk about the paper collects fees in disorder

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　　书摘：孩子上高三家长怎么办 我送孩子上北大 别以为你会爱孩子

ShuZhai:The child to the three parents do I send the child to the Peking University don't think you will love child

　　

农业部：有消息会通知 The ministry of agriculture:A news will notice

　　真相究竟如何？记者还致函负责转基因生物安全的农业部。3日，农业部新闻处确认收到采访函，并答复称“目前还没有消息，有消息会通知”。

Truth actually how to?The reporter still writing is responsible for the safety of genetically modified organisms of agriculture.Three days,The ministry of agriculture information service confirm receipt of letter of interview,And reply say"There is no news,A news will notice".

　　……资料……

……material……

　　所有β紫萝酮衍生物的总称。一种在结构上与胡萝卜素相关的脂溶性维生素。有1及维生素A2两种。与类胡萝卜素不同，具有很好的多种全反式视黄醇的生物学活性。为某些代谢过程，特别是视觉的生化过程所必需。

All β purple rose the floorboard of ketone derivatives.A kind of structure and carotene related fat-soluble vitamins.Have 1 and vitamin A2 two.And carotenoids different,Has the very good variety of all trans retinol biological activity.For certain metabolic process,Especially visual biochemical process required.

　　维生素A1多存于哺乳动物及咸水鱼的肝脏中，而维生素A2常存于淡水鱼的肝脏中。由于维生素A2的活性比较低，所以通常所说的维生素A是指维生素A1。

Vitamin A1 much stored in mammals and saltwater fish in the liver,And vitamin A2 often exist in freshwater fish in the liver.Because the activity of vitamin A2 is low,So usually say of vitamin A is refers to the vitamin A1.

　　

各方说法 That all parties

　　据美国《侨报》报道，由绿色和平组织食品与农业项目近期向媒体揭发的一起美国科研机构利用中国儿童进行转基因大米试验的事件，在中美两地引起轩然大波。日前，领导该试验的美国塔夫茨大学华裔女教授唐广文通过校方发言人对此事给予了书面回应。塔夫茨大学校方回应承认进行了该项试验，称该试验的目的是针对发展中国家一个非常严重的健康问题寻找解决方法。

According to the American[qiaobao]reports,Green peace organization by food and agriculture project near future to the media together the United States scientific research institutions use Chinese children in genetically modified rice test events,In both China and the United States caused a storm in a teacup.a,Leading the test of American tufts Chinese female professor TangGuangWen through the school spokesman told it gives a written response.Tufts officials had acknowledged the test response,Said the purpose of this trial is aimed at developing countries a very serious health problems look for a solution.

　　

塔夫茨大学： tufts:

　　

试验经中美双方有关机构批准 Test the both sides relevant institution for approval

　　报道称，正在休假的美国塔夫茨大学类胡萝卜素和健康研究所的主任唐广文教授，将询问邮件转给了塔夫茨大学校方。随后校方发言人克罗斯曼以书面形式回复说，“黄金大米”的试验目的是针对发展中国家一个非常严重的健康问题寻找解决方法。根据世界卫生组织的统计，维生素A的缺乏影响着全世界2亿5000万儿童，其中每年有25万儿童因此失明，这些人中的半数都在失明后死亡。尽管目前有各种维生素A的补充方式和社会项目，但仍无法解决维生素A的缺乏问题，本试验的目的就是进一步证实“黄金大米”在补充维生素A不足方面的有效性。克罗斯曼强调，这次在中国的临床试验经过了中美双方有关机构的批准，并且获得了所有参与试验的儿童及他们家长的同意。该项目的一部分资金来自美国国家健康研究院。

Reports say,Whileon leave the United States tufts carotenoids and institutes of health TangGuangWen director professor,Will ask mail to the tufts university.Then the school spokesman g direction in a written form replied,"Golden rice"Test purpose is aimed at developing countries a very serious health problems look for a solution.According to the world health organization's survey,Lack of vitamin A affect the 250 million children around the world,A year of 250000 children so blind,These people are in the half died after blindness.Although there are all kinds of vitamin A supplementation mode and social programs,But still cannot solve the lack of vitamin A problem,The purpose of this study is to further confirmed"Golden rice"In the supplement vitamin A deficiency of effectiveness.G emphasize direction,This time in Chinese clinical trial after both sides relevant authorities to approval,And get all participate in test of children and their parents agree.The purpose of a part of the capital from the national institutes of health.

　　报道指出，克罗斯曼同时附上了研究报告的全文。根据该报告，试验共对湖南某农村地区(一说为衡阳)的112名6至8岁的儿童进行了筛选，最终确定72人入选。这些儿童在35天的时间里，分别被喂以“黄金大米”、菠菜和胡萝卜素胶囊，最终结果显示，“黄金大米”在补充维生素A方面同胶囊一样有效，同时优于富含胡萝卜素的菠菜。

Reports say,G direction at the same time with the full text.According to the report,Test with the hunan some rural areas(Said for hengyang)112 6 to 8 years old children in the screening,Final in 72.These children in 35 days' time,Were hello to"Golden rice"/Spinach and carotene capsule,Final results show that,"Golden rice"In the supplement vitamin A aspects as effective as with capsule,At the same time is better than is rich in carotene spinach.

　　同时，根据美国转基因食品试验的政府登记网站上的信息，此次湖南地区的试验是自“黄金大米”2000年问世以来不多的两三次试验之一。唐广文团队的试验结果被转基因食品的研究者和企业用来进一步证明“黄金大米”在解决维生素A缺乏问题上的廉价和实用的优势。

At the same time,According to the American genetically modified food test government registration website information,The hunan region since test"Golden rice"2000 years since the advent of the few one of two or three times test.TangGuangWen team test results are genetically modified food researchers and enterprises to further proof"Golden rice"Lack of vitamin A in solving problems of cheap and practical advantages.

　　

媒体报道： Media reports:

　　

“黄金大米”至今从未被 "Golden rice"Has never been

　　

许可商业推广 Licensing business promotion

　　报道还提到，“黄金大米”在2000年推出，2005年被瑞士跨国农业科技企业“先正达”公司进一步改良，使其胡萝卜素的含量达到普通大米的23倍。但是，该产品至今从未被许可商业推广，有说法称可能在2013年获得商业许可。该产品被许多反对转基因食品的人士和团体指责为是转基因食品行业一个讨好大众的噱头，目的是让整个行业获得民众的好感，进而推出更多的转基因食品。

Yet, the report says,,"Golden rice"Launched in 2000,In 2005 is the Swiss international agricultural science and technology enterprises"syngenta"The company further improvement,Make its carotene content to achieve common rice 23 times.but,This product has never been licensing business promotion,Suggestions that may be in 2013 years obtain business license.This product is a lot of opposition to genetically modified foods people and groups accused of is genetically modified food industry a fawn on public stunt,The purpose is to let the whole industry become people's favor,Then introduce more of genetically modified food.

　　一位名为Mae-Wan Ho的学者指出，许多转基因食品在由非行业资金资助的独立研究中都出现各种副作用，包括引起实验室老鼠的肺肿、不育等症状，而“黄金大米”虽然目前还没有显示出副作用，但通过大幅度提高一种食品中维生素的含量、而不是通过多样化的食谱来解决维生素A的缺乏，这本身就是一个极其不妥的做法。

A named Mae - Wan Ho scholars pointed out,A lot of genetically modified food in the industry by the funding of independent study all appear all sorts of side effects,Including laboratory mice caused by lung is swollen/Symptoms such as infertility,and"Golden rice"Although there is no show side effects,But through the improved a vitamin content in food/Not by diverse diet to solve the lack of vitamin A,This in itself is an extremely wrong practices.

　　针对“美国一科研机构选取湖南省衡阳市一所小学的学生进行转基因大米人体试验”的报道，湖南衡阳市政府进行了调查。

According to"A U.S. research institutions select hunan hengyang a primary school students in genetically modified rice human trials"reports,Hunan hengyang city government to carry on the investigation.

　　9月1日公布的调查结果称，2008年3月，衡阳市衡南县江口中心小学接受湖南省疾控中心和中国疾控中心营养与食品安全所委托的课题“植物中类胡萝卜素在儿童体内转化成为维生素A的效率研究”，选取了68名学生进行分组比较试验，参加实验的学生所食用的全部食品均在本地采购，全部实验过程由国家疾病预防控制中心和湖南省疾病预防控制中心专家监控。试验之前，学校两次召开家长会议，分别签订了告知通知书。

On September 1, published survey says,In march of 2008,Hengyang HengNaXian estuary center primary school accept hunan province CDC and the Chinese CDC nutrition and food safety by the subject"Plants carotenoids in children's body into vitamin A efficiency research",Chose 68 students grouping comparison test,Participating students eat all the food in all local procurement,All the experimental process by the national centers for disease control and prevention in hunan province and disease prevention and control center expert monitoring.Test before,School held two parents meeting,Each signed for told notice.

　　实验中未涉及转基因大米及其他转基因食品。在衡南县江口中心小学进行的此项实验，未与美国及境外的任何机构发生直接关系。调查组已与参与此项实验的其中两名课题人员取得联系，他们也证实了上述情况。

Experiments did not involve genetically modified rice and other transgenic food.In HengNaXian estuary center primary school of the experiment,With the United States and abroad not any orgnaization happening direct relation.Investigation team already and to participate in this experiment including two subject contact personnel,They also confirmed that the above situation.

　　湖南省疾病预防控制中心证实：“课题实施中没有使用转基因大米及任何转基因食品，所有原材料全部在当地采购，课题完成后，所有现场资料已上交课题负责方(中国疾控中心营养与食品安全所)。”

Hunan province disease prevention and control center confirmed:"The implementation of the project without using genetically modified rice and any genetically modified food,All the raw material all in local purchase,Subject after the completion of,All field material already handed in subject is responsible for the party(The Chinese CDC nutrition and food security)."

　　这与美国试验方的说法出入较大。记者3日致电衡阳市委相关负责人，得到的答复是：调查结果已经公布了，以此为准。

This and the United States to begin testing the party that larger in and out.Journalist 3 day call the relevant person in charge of hengyang municipal party committee,Get the answer is:Survey results have been published,Subject to.

　　3日，先正达公司媒体负责人对记者表示，公司对于此事的回应以“声明”为准。

Three days,Syngenta media person in charge told reporters,The company for the matter to respond"statement"Shall prevail.

　　先正达公司1日发声明称，自己未参与这一在华试验活动。

Syngenta 1 hair statement said,He would not participate in the activities in China test.

　　先正达称，“黄金大米”最初由I. Potrykus教授和P. Beyer教授发明，其研发结果无偿提供给一些发展中国家贫困农民。国际水稻研究所是该项目的主要发起方，先正达对此提供了帮助，目前在为国际水稻研究所提供法规和管理方面的协助。国际水稻所的“黄金大米”完全是一个人道主义项目，先正达乐见这一技术惠及人道主义目标，并未从中寻求商业利益。

Syngenta says,"Golden rice"At first by i. Potrykus professors and p. Beyer professor invention,The research results provide free to some poor farmers in developing countries.The international rice research institute is the project mainly FaQiFang,Syngenta provided help,At present in for the international rice research institute (irri) provide regulations and management assistance.The international ShuiDaoSuo"Golden rice"Is a complete humanitarian projects,Syngenta like this technology benefit humanitarian goals,Not to seek business interests.

　　公开资料显示，国际水稻研究所位于菲律宾，是亚洲历史最长也是最大的国际农业科研机构，是一个自治的、非营利的水稻研究与教育组织，隶属于国际农业研究磋商组织。

Public data shows,The international rice research institute is located in the Philippines,Asia's longest history is also the biggest international agricultural research institutions,Is a self-governing/Non-profit rice research and education organization,Belonging to the international agricultural research consultation organization.