“占坑”一词如今在家长中间很流行。在网上一些家长论坛，“你家孩子占坑了吗？”甚至成了问候语。采访了多位家长后，记者了解到，从办准生证开始，到医院建档生孩子、入托、上小学、上中学，都要“占坑”，有的甚至要提前好几年就开始占，家长们为了给孩子铺平成长之路，从一个“坑”跳向另一个“坑”。

"Accounted for pit"In a word now is very popular among parents.In the online some parents BBS,"Your children of pit?"Even became greetings.Quizzed after parents,The reporter understands,From do ZhunShengZheng began,Keep to the hospital gave birth to the child/nursery/Elementary school/Secondary school,will"Accounted for pit",Some even want to advance several years began to account for,Parents to give children pave the road to growth,From a"pit"Jump to another"pit".

异地办准生证 一结婚就要占坑 Different do ZhunShengZheng marry will account for pit

　　妻子是外地户口的姜先生没料到，他会为一个准生证付出如此大的代价，“早知道这么费劲，应该一结婚就先去盖上章。”由于没有提前“占坑”，折腾1个月后，准生证还没拿到手，妻子却出现先兆流产症状。

The wife is the nonlocal registered permanent residence Mr Ginger didn't expect,He will be for a ZhunShengZheng pay so much cost,"Early know so difficult,Should marry will go to the chapter cover."Since there is no advance"Accounted for pit",Flounder 1 months after,ZhunShengZheng haven't in our hands,His wife has appeared threatened abortion symptoms.

　　姜先生告诉记者，他自己是北京户口，妻子户口在山西一个县城，妻子一怀孕，他就立刻打听办准生证的规定，“北京市的落户政策是：父母双方一方为北京户籍的，在北京办理完生育服务证，头胎允许落户北京市。在京办理生育服务证需要女方去户籍所在地乡一级计生办办理生育证明，证明你没生过孩子，然后拿着这个证明还有双方户口本原件，到京籍方户籍所在地计生办办理生育服务证。”

Mr. Jiang told reporters,He is a Beijing hukou,His wife registered permanent residence in a county in shanxi,A pregnant wife,And immediately he about to do ZhunShengZheng regulations,"Beijing's policy is to settle:Both parents a party for the registered permanent residence of Beijing,In Beijing after birth for you,Firstborn allow settled in Beijing.In Beijing family for you need the woman to census register seat township level JiShengBan deal with birth proof,Prove that you didn't gave birth to the child,Then take the proof and the original residence booklet,To Beijing by party JiShengBan census register seat with you family."

　　本以为回老家找街道计生委在申请表上盖个章不是什么难事，来回一个星期足够了，事实证明他们太乐观了。计生办的工作人员说，应该一结婚就来办理，现在怀孕才来办，太晚了。“这个规定我们还从来没有听说过，没怀孕谁会想到先盖个章提前准备呀？”他们一打听才知道，现在流动人口在当地开计生证明很困难，“因为你人在外地，怕你不是头一胎，你在外地生过几个孩子他们不掌握，所以很多地方要求一结婚就开证明，确保是第一个孩子。”姜先生上网一查才知道，异地生育准生证难办的情况很普遍，“早知道这样，甭管生不生孩子，先占上坑，把章提前盖好预备着，也不会像现在这么被动。”

Thought back on the application form for street population and build a chapter not so difficult,Return a week is enough,Facts have proved that they are too optimistic.JiShengBan staff said,Should a getting married is to deal with,Now pregnant to just do,Too late."This regulation we have never heard of,Not be pregnant who would have thought to build a chapter are prepared ahead of time ah?"They don't know about,Now the floating population in the local open family proved very difficult,"When you are in the field,Afraid you is not head one foetus,You in the field gave birth to many children they don't master,So many places require a getting married is a certificate,Ensure that was the first child."Mr. Ginger online check just know,Different fertility ZhunShengZheng difficult situation is very common,"Early know so,Don't tube life don't give birth to a kid,Preempt the pit,The chapter cover ahead preparing,Also won't like now so passive."

龙宝宝扎堆 大医院占个坑不容易 Dragon baby gathers together account for a large hospital pit is not easy

　　即使顺利办下准生证，生孩子仍然不是一件水到渠成的事，怀孕满10周的孙女士为了建围产档案已经跑了住家附近的三家大医院，竟然都被告知“来晚了，没有名额了。”这意味着她到预产期的时候医院的床位已经满员。护士当头一句：“你占坑了吗？”问得她一头雾水。

Even well do ZhunShengZheng under,Children are still not a follow things,Be pregnant full sun 10 weeks in order to build WeiChan files have already run home nearby three big hospitals,Had been told"late,Without the quota."This means that her to the expected date of childbirth time hospital beds have full strength.The nurse pledge a:"You share pit??"Ask her confused.

　　详细询问了护士，孙女士才知道，没有在医院提前占坑，就不给建档。“原本规定孕妇怀孕12周到医院建立围产档案就可以，可是现在正赶上生育高峰，产妇特别多，三甲大医院产科床位紧俏，孕妇一知道自己怀孕，就要来医院登记，这个叫做占坑。占上坑之后，快到12周的时候，才可以挂号预约建档。”孙女士本以为自己怀孕10周来建档算挺早的，没想到却被“坑”给困住了。

Ask for details of the nurse,Sun didn't know,Not in the hospital of pit in advance,Just don't give filing."Originally provisions pregnant women pregnant and thoughtful hospital set up WeiChan files can,But now are catching up with baby boom,Maternity much more special,Three big hospital maternity beds tight,Pregnant women know oneself are pregnant,Will come to the hospital registration,This is called accounted for pit.After the pit of,Quick to 12 weeks of age,Can register reservation filing."Sun thought oneself are pregnant 10 weeks filing is quite early,Didn't think was"pit"Stuck to.

　　据了解，本市今年新生儿数量有望突破20万，而两年前则只有17万，三甲大医院建档难成为不少准妈妈的心病，建档是医院接收孕妇的标志，建上档才能每月做孕期检查，并且基本保证生育时有床位。以往一般怀孕12周才到医院建档，如今大医院一床难求，遵循“老黄历”基本不赶趟，不少孕妇怀孕五六周就提前“占坑儿”。

It is understood,The city this year is expected to exceed 200000 babies,Two years ago, only 170000,Three big hospital bookbuilding difficult to become a lot of quasi mother's heart,Filing is the hospital received the mark of pregnant women,Built in its monthly can do pregnancy check,And basic guarantee fertility is beds.Be pregnant commonly in the past 12 weeks to keep hospital,Now the big hospital bed is hard to find,follow"LaoHuangLi"Basic not GanTang,Many pregnant women pregnant five or six weeks in advance"Accounted for pit son".

　　“提前这么早占坑确实很困难，很多人在五六周的时候还不知道自己怀孕呢！”孙女士抱怨，她现在是心急如焚，四处托关系联系建档，“听说占坑只是第一步，只不过是登记，到时候挂号也很难，经常等几个星期也排不上号，普通号都这么难，更不用说专家号了，肯定还得托人，挂上号，找到大夫，最后才能建档。”孙女士被告知，如果在三甲大医院占不上坑，就只能分流到比较小的二级、三级医院。

"So early in advance of pit is really difficult,A lot of people in five or six weeks of age also don't know oneself are pregnant?!"Sun complain,Now she is worried,"Around relationship filing,"Heard of pit is only the first step,Is just a registration,There is difficult to register,Often waiting for several weeks also row in number,Ordinary number is hard,Not to mention the ZhuanGuHao,Must have to anyone,Hang number,Find the doctor,Finally it can keep."Sun was told,If the top of big hospital in pit,Can shunt to smaller level 2/Tertiary hospital.

提前三年排队 Three years in line ahead

幼儿园占坑争上亲子班 The kindergarten for parents of pit in class

　　孩子出生才半年，上幼儿园的事情已经提上家庭计划，这并非是父母瞎操心，事实证明，在“入园难”的大背景下，大家比拼的就是谁下手更早。

The child was born just half a year,Kindergarten things have put on family planning,It is not blind parents worry,Facts have proved,in"Into garden difficult"Under the background of the,Everyone is including who laid hands on him earlier.

　　“我们是提前三年在这家幼儿园排队占坑的，记得当时排了大半夜，才得到这个名额。”刘先生的儿子今年三岁半，不久前终于如愿进入家门口的这所幼儿园的小班，“幸亏下手早，要不然根本进不来，听说现在有的家长孩子还没生下来就来排队占坑了。”

"We are in the three years prior to the pit of kindergarten in line,Remember the big row,To get the quota."Mr. Liu, the son of three years old this year and a half,Not long ago finally fulfill a wish to enter door the kindergarten classes,"Thanks to lay their hands on the early,Or can't get in to,Hear now some parents children haven't was born to line up for the pit."

　　然而，仅仅提前排队是不够的，要想更稳当地占住这个坑，还要上幼儿园的亲子班。据了解，一些硬件设施较好、师资水平较高的幼儿园，包括公办园和民办园，将亲子班与入园招生挂钩，使得家长们被迫以报名上亲子班的途径，提前在这些幼儿园“占坑”，“只有报了幼儿园的亲子班，才可以进他们的幼儿园，如果不报，只提前登记也不保证你能进园。”刘先生告诉记者。这个幼儿园每年有两期“亲子班”，每期时长半年，费用5000元，孩子起码要上一年才有可能“直升”入园。

however,Just queue ahead is not enough,To be more surely engaged the pit,Then the parent-child kindergarten class.It is understood,Some hardware facilities is better/The teachers level higher kindergarten,Including the public garden and private garden,Will the class parent and into the garden recruit students hook,Make parents was forced to sign up on the way to class parent,Advance in the kindergarten"Accounted for pit","Only for the child in the kindergarten class,Can into their kindergarten,If you don't quote,Only advance registration also does not guarantee you can into the garden."Mr. Liu told reporters.This kindergarten is in every year two period"Parent-child class",Duration each half a year,Cost is 5000 yuan,Children should be at least a year"helicopter"Into the garden.

　　“上亲子班对很多家长来说，其实是个不小的负担，一周一次，每次半天，都要求家长和孩子一起来，我们家没有老人带孩子，只能我们夫妻轮流请假带孩子来上。”有些家长实在没工夫，交了钱孩子也不来上课，花上万元其实就是为了占住这个坑。

"A lot of parents on parent-child classes to it,Is actually a big burden,Once a week,Every time the along while,Require parents and children together,We do not have the old man took the kids,Can we couple take turns to ask for leave to take the child to go to."Some parents really no time,Hand over the money children don't come to class,Spend tens of thousands of yuan is actually engaged in the pit.

　　虽然收费不菲，亲子班的报名依旧火爆，通常提前三个月就已经报满，“其实这钱花得也算值，你如果托人找关系，恐怕也得花这么多钱。”刘先生心里有自己的一笔账。

Although expensive fee,Parent-child class enrolment is still hot,Usually has three months ahead for full,"In fact, this money was also calculate value,If you find relations subject,I'm afraid I have to spend so much money."Mr. Liu heart have their own a account.

“幼小衔接”占坑 "Little join"Accounted for pit

两成孩子退园进学前班 Twenty percent children back garden into preschool

　　就在不少家长为孩子入幼儿园发愁的时候，一些幼儿园大班的孩子却退园了。据了解，近几年大班幼儿退园已成为一种普遍现象，一般能达两成。孩子退园是要去参加一些机构举办的幼小衔接班，为入读知名小学排队，也就是所谓的小学“坑班”。

In a lot of parents for children in kindergarten when trouble,Some kindergarten group of children is the back garden.It is understood,In recent years executive children back garden has become a common phenomenon,General can reach twenty percent.The child back garden is going to take part in some of the young organizations for cohesive class,For the read famous primary school queuing,Also is the so-called primary school"Pit class".

　　记者在调查中发现，仍然有些小学面对教委禁令大打擦边球，委托一些培训机构替他们招收学前班，有的设在校外，有的干脆就设在学校里面。他们非常低调，不用打广告，报名家长也会挤破头，因为大家都心照不宣，学前班就是进这所小学的跳板。

Reporter in the survey found,There are still some elementary school in the face of the education commission ban played the edge ball,Some of the training institutions entrusted for they recruit preschool,Some in external,Some simply inside in school.They are very low-key,Don't advertise,The parents may also squeeze broken head,Because everyone understood,Kindergarten is in the school board.

　　家长林先生告诉记者，他提前半年多就动手，终于报上了某重点小学的学前班，所有的家长都是冲着上小学报的，但是学前班的负责人给大家的答复是，并不是所有的孩子都能从这里升小学，这需要“双向选择”。“他们一年招三个普通班，一个月学费2000多元，一个VIP班，学费翻番，一些家长以为VIP班肯定能直升小学，就挑贵的报，其实并不是这么回事。进班后，班主任老师再次阐明了立场，孩子必须在班里表现好，才能获得老师推荐，甚至提出‘要是家长多事的，我们也不会推荐。’”林先生牢记老师的话，一年下来，林先生儿子终于进入被推荐的几名学生之列，连面试也没有进行就被这所重点小学录取。

Parents Mr. Lin told reporters,He more than half a year in advance will begin,Finally the paper a key primary school preschool,All the parents are blunt elementary school newspaper,But the head of the kindergarten to everyone's answer is,Not every child can rise from here elementary school,This requires"Two-way choice"."They gathered a year three regular class,A month tuition 2000 multivariate,A VIP class,Tuition double,Some parents think VIP class can helicopter elementary school,Just pick your newspaper,It's not the way it is.Into the work,The teacher in charge teacher to clarify the position,The children must be in good performance in the class,To obtain the teacher recommended,Even suggest‘If parents eventful,We won't recommend.’"Mr. Lin remember what the teacher said,A year off,Mr. Lin son finally entered the recommended several students to list,Even the interview also no was the key primary school admission.

小升初大战 Another war

占坑从一年级开始 Accounts for pit begins from one grade

　　小升初“占坑班”，原来基本是从三、四年级开始，现在一些占坑班已经提前到从一年级就开始了。

another"Accounted for pit class",Originally from three basic/Four grade begins to,Now some of pit class already advance to from a grade began.

　　张女士的儿子今年升入五年级，而五年级对于占坑班来说是非常关键的一年，“前几年都还学得比较简单，半年考一次试，孩子还应付得来，可是到了五年级之后，坑班老师给我们开了家长会，明确说这一年就是考试选拔为主，学的容易考的难，要想在坑班取得好成绩，得自己想办法。”五年级的坑班一开始上课，孩子就蒙了，“一节课换一个老师，都是中学的老师，当场发讲义，课程又快又难，孩子根本来不及消化知识，就当堂测验，下课老师拿着包走人，孩子有问题也没人可问。”课堂测验，很多孩子的成绩是二三十分，因为有一半的内容没听懂，这下，张女士明白老师的意思了，这里只是一个“坑”，要想学知识，还得另外培训。

Ms. Zhang's son to five grade this year,And five grade of pit class for it is very key a year,"A few years ago are still learn more simple,Half a year the exam again try,Children also handle it,But by the end of fifth grade, after,Pit class the teacher gave us open the parents' meeting,Clear said this year is mainly examinations,Learn to take an examination of difficult,If you want to get good grades in the pit class,Have to find our own way."Fifth grade pit class the beginning of the class,Children will have been,"A lesson in a teacher,High school teacher,Send notes on the spot,Course fast and difficult,Children basic little time to digest the knowledge,Is the spot test,Class is over the teacher held the package leave,The child has a problem no one can ask."quiz,A lot of children's performance is 23 very,Because half of the content didn't understand,this,Ms. Zhang understand what the teacher mean,Here is just a"pit",If you want to learn knowledge,Have another training.

　　于是，又出现了“坑班的培训班”，“坑班老师自己就开这样的培训班，晚上上课，说是给跟不上的孩子开个小灶，收费是坑班的两倍，据说坚持上半年测验就能及格；还有很多家长在学而思、巨人这些培训机构上课，然后在坑班考试。”通过这些额外的培训，孩子的坑班的成绩才有及格的可能。

so,Again appeared"Pit class training","Pit class the teacher himself and then open such training,Night class,Say to the children couldn't keep up with a stove,Charge is pit class two times,It is said that in the first half to test can pass the exam;There are many parents learning and thinking/The giant these training institutions in class,Then in the pit class exam."Through these additional training,The child's pit class results have pass the exam may.

　　然而，仅仅及格是远远不够的，坑班的目的是“掐尖儿”，是挑选尖子中的尖子，“2000多人的占坑班，最后能被目标中学录取的只有80人，孩子在一次一次的考试中被淘汰，受挫折，毁灭着他们对学习的兴趣和信心。”张女士很痛心。

however,Just pass the exam is far from enough,The purpose of the pit class is"QiaJianEr",Is selected the cream of the crop of the cream of the crop,"More than 2000 people accounted for pit class,Could be finally target middle school admits only 80 people,The child in a one exam be eliminated,frustrated,Destruction of their learning interest and confidence."Ms. Zhang is sorrowful.

记者手记 Reporter notes

不占坑寸步难行 Do not take a pit stuck

　　现在的孩子很可悲，几乎是一步一坑，不占坑似乎寸步难行，家长们为了给孩子占坑疲于奔命，不但要信息灵通，还要身手敏捷，动手晚了，失去了这个坑，孩子似乎就失去了很多的机会。于是，比拼就越来越提前，占坑也越来越疯狂。是谁给家长们挖了坑？是大医院、好幼儿园，还是重点学校？其实归根结底，这还是一场优质资源的争夺大战，在资源分配不公的情况下，优质资源的占有者就有了操控的权利和挑选的特权，望子成龙的家长们则别无选择，明知是坑，也得跳。(记者 张鹏)

The child is very sad now,Is almost step a pit,Do not take a pit seems to be stuck,Parents in order to give the child of pit on the fly,Not only should well-informed,And agile skill,Begin late,Lost the pit,Children seem to lose a lot of chance.so,Competition is more and more early,Accounts for pit also more and more crazy.Who is to parents to dig a pit?Is big hospital/Good kindergarten,Or key school?In fact in the final analysis,It is a high quality resources for the war,In the allocation of resources under the condition of injustice,High quality resources of the occupant had control rights and selected privilege,These parents are have no choice,Knowingly pit,Have to jump.(Reporter zhang)