165年前，中国近代第一个留学生、未满19岁的容闳赴美留学。20多年后，清政府派出120名12-14岁幼童赴美留学。开启近代中国留学先河的，是一群少年人。

165 years ago,The first students in modern China/Under 19 year old yung to study abroad.After more than 20 years,The qing government sent 120 12 to 14 years old young children to study abroad.Open the first modern Chinese to study abroad,A group of young people.

　　今天，裹挟在改革开放后留学大潮中的，又有一批“小留学生”。

today,Raged in after reform and opening up to study abroad in the spring,And have a group of"Small students".

　　9月2日，在由欧美同学会·中国留学人员联谊会主办、中国与全球化研究中心承办的欧美同学会北京论坛暨第七届中国留学人员创新创业论坛上，中国与全球化研究中心和麦可思研究院联合发布、社会科学文献出版社出版的国际人才蓝皮书《中国留学发展报告(2012)》发布。据蓝皮书数据，2010年，我国出国留学的高中及以下学历学生人数为7.64万，占当年出国留学总人数的19.8%。2011年高中生出境学习人数为7.68万，占当年我国总留学人数的22.6%。在2011年《高中生出国留学意向分析》中，有出国意向的被调查高中生中70%计划高中毕业后出国读大学，24%计划出国继续高中学习，6%计划在国内完成大学学业后出国读研究生。

On September 2,,In Europe and America by homecoming · Chinese students studying abroad association host/China and globalization research center of Europe and the United States the homecoming Beijing BBS and the 7th Chinese students studying abroad innovation on the BBS,China and globalization research center and Michael thought research institute jointly promulgated/Social science literature publishing blue book of international talent[Study in China development report(2012)]release.According to the blue book data,In 2010,,In our country for overseas high school and the following degree student Numbers for 76400,That accounts for 19.8% of the total number of studying abroad.2011 high school students study abroad the number for 76800,Account for the total number of 22.6% in our country to study abroad.In 2011[High school students study abroad intentional analysis]in,Have intention to go abroad by survey 70% of high school students plan to go abroad after graduating from high school to college,24% plan to go abroad continue to high school,6% plan in domestic finish college after reading a graduate student to go abroad.

　　在中国留学新趋势中，“低龄化”成为一个显著的时代特征。

Study in China in the new trend,"DiLingHua"Become a significant features of the time.

留学低龄化有哪些表现 Study abroad DiLingHua what show is there

　　据中国与全球化研究中心主任王辉耀博士介绍，过去，中国年轻人习惯于大学毕业后出国深造，现在，更多的人开始从高中甚至初中开始选择出国留学，留学低龄化成为新特点。

According to the Chinese and global research center director dr WangHuiYao is introduced,In the past,Young Chinese are used to go abroad for further study after graduation from the university,now,More and more people started from high school or junior high school began to choose to go abroad for further study,Study abroad DiLingHua become new characteristics.

　　留学低龄化的体现之一是高中毕业生直接出国读本科的人数骤增。以赴美留学为例，美国国际教育协会2009年统计，中国赴美国本科生人数多年来维持在每年9000人左右。2009年，中国有2.6万名学生赴美读本科，比2008年多两倍。美国国际教育协会2011年底公布的《门户开放报告》显示，2010-2011学年，在美留学的中国学生达15.76万人，其中赴美攻读本科的学生占36.5%，较2010年增长42.7%，远高于赴美就读研究生15.6%的同比增幅。

The embodiment of the study DiLingHua is one of high school graduates go abroad directly read undergraduate course number increased.To study in United States as an example,American international education association in 2009 the statistical,China to the United States for many years to maintain the number of undergraduates in each year about 9000 people.In 2009,,China has 26000 students to read undergraduate course,More than 2008 two times.American international education association released by the end of 2011[Open door report]display,The 2010-2011 academic year,In the study of Chinese students up to 157600 people,The study to undergraduate students accounted for 36.5%,A growth of 42.7% in 2010,To read a graduate student is much higher than the 15.6% year-on-year growth rate.

　　留学低龄化的体现之二是出国读中学的人数大幅增长。根据“中国国际教育展”的调查报告，2006年至2010年我国仅高中生出境学习人数就占中国总留学人数的22.6%。美国国土安全部统计，2006年中国仅有65名赴美中学生，2011年赴美中学生人数增长100倍，达到6725人。

The embodiment of the study DiLingHua second middle school is to go abroad to read the number of substantial growth.According to"China international education exhibition"report,2006 to 2010 high school students in our country exit only study of China's total population 22.6% of the number of study abroad.The United States department of homeland security statistics,In 2006, China only 65 middle school students coming to the United States,2011 middle school students to increased 100 times,Up to 6725 people.

　　留学低龄化的体现之三是高考弃考人数增加。据有关数据，2009年高考弃考人数达到84万，2010年接近100万人，其中因出国留学而选择弃考者达21.1%。2010年以来，北京、上海、南京等城市中放弃高考选择出国留学的学生以每年20%左右的速度递增。弃考的主要原因是出国留学。

The embodiment of the study DiLingHua third is the university entrance exam abandon exam increased.According to relevant data,In 2009 the university entrance exam abandon exam toll to 840000,In 2010, nearly 1 million people,Among them for studying abroad and choice abandon exam person amount to 21.1%.Since 2010,Beijing/Shanghai/Nanjing and other cities to give up the university entrance exam choose to go abroad for further study to students of growth rate is about 20% each year.Abandon exam is the main reason of the study abroad.

　　值得注意的是，与前些年因成绩不够好担心高考不利而出国读书不同，目前，许多地方的应届高中毕业生，特别是名校“尖子生”放弃高考准备留学的人数激增，并且已经从过去的个案凸显为一种现象。

It is important to note that,And before some year because of the result is not good enough worry about the university entrance exam adverse and different to study abroad,At present,Many local graduating high school graduates,Especially school"Top student"Give up the university entrance exam to the increase in the number of study abroad,And it has been from the past case highlights to a phenomenon.

高中生出国留学有何特点 High school students study abroad differ

　　新浪教育频道联合教育部留学服务中心和麦可思数据服务公司共同推出了“高中生出国留学跟踪调查”，调查从2010年9月10日开始，到2011年4月12日结束，收回独立IP地址的高中生有效答卷共3550份。本次调查为挂网调查。

Sina education channel joint education overseas service center and Michael thought data service the company rolled out jointly"High school students study abroad tracking survey",From the survey on September 10, 2010 start,To on April 12, 2011 end,Take independent IP address of the high school students effective writing papers of 3550.This survey for hanging network survey.

　　调查显示，高中生留学目的地以美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、英国为主。

Investigation shows that,High school students study abroad destination in the United States/Canada/Australia/Britain is given priority to.

　　在有出国意向的被调查高中生中，五成学生最希望留学美国，其他热门国家依次是加拿大，占15.1%；澳大利亚，占10%；英国，占9.5%。希望前往这4个国家留学的高中生占被调查高中生的85%以上。

In the intention to go abroad by survey among high school students,Fifty percent of the students most want to study in the United States,Other popular countries in turn is Canada,Accounted for 15.1%;Australia,10%;British,9.5%.Hope to the four countries of study in high school students surveyed more than 85% of the high school students.

　　据调查，高中生留学的首要经济来源是家庭资助，这部分学生占到被调查人数的88%。申请国外大学的部分或全额资助占17%，勤工俭学占16%，留学贷款占5%。高中生的留学信息渠道主要来自国内，包括中介、亲友、国内网站等。

According to the survey,High school students study abroad's first economic source is family support,This part of student accounted for 88% of the surveyed.Application of the university of foreign part or full funding accounted for 17%,Part-work and part-study system accounted for 16%,Study abroad loans accounted for 5%.High school students study abroad information channel mainly from domestic,Including intermediary/Relatives and friends/Domestic website and so.

　　尽管选择出国留学的高中生越来越多，但他们对未来的去向并不太明确。在有出国意向的被调查高中生中，过半数学生对其留学后的去向持“不确定”态度，此比例明显高于本科毕业出国留学的学生；有33%的高中生明确表示回国，此比例与本科毕业出国留学生的回国意愿比例差不多；明确不回国的有15%，比本科毕业生高一倍多。

Although choose to go abroad for further study of the high school students more and more,But they go for the future is not too clear.In the intention to go abroad by survey among high school students,More than half of the students study abroad where after the"Not sure"attitude,This proportion is obviously higher than that of the undergraduate course graduation of students abroad;33% of the high school students made it clear that home,This proportion and undergraduate course graduation go abroad students will return almost proportion;Clearly not returned 15%,More than twice as high as than undergraduate course graduate.

高中生为何选择留学 High school students why do you choose to study abroad

　　现时代的高中生留学，已与100多年前的留学少年迥异。

Modern high school students to study abroad,Has more than 100 years ago and study different young.

　　王辉耀说，中国留学第一人容闳和第一批留学幼童到美国主要是学习当时国内办洋务急需的开矿、机械、造船、工业技术等工科专业，其中涌现了“中国铁路之父”詹天佑，中华民国第一任国务总理唐绍仪等人。为兴建现代海军，李鸿章于1875年选派留学生赴欧洲留学，主要学习军事科学、海军技术等，他们回国以后在海防和海军建设、民主思想启蒙等方面发挥了巨大作用，其中最杰出的代表是严复。

WangHuiYao said,Study in China first yung wing and the first batch of study in young children to the United States mainly is to learn when domestic do westernization much-needed mine/mechanical/shipbuilding/Industrial technology, engineering specialty,The emergence of"The father of China's railway"Zhan tianyou,The territory of the republic of China the first prime minister of state TangShaoYi etc.For building modern navy,Li in 1875 to select students study in Europe,The main study military science/Navy technology,After they returned in haiphong and naval construction/Democratic thought enlightenment plays a tremendous role,One of the most outstanding representative is yan fu.

　　上述“高中生出国留学跟踪调查”显示，现代高中生的出国原因主要是出于个人日常的“民生”考虑。

The above"High school students study abroad tracking survey"display,The modern high school students go abroad main reason is due to a personal daily"The livelihood of the people"consider.

　　该调查显示，排在首位的留学理由是“接受更好的教育”，占67%；其次是“增强职业综合竞争力”，占37%。

The survey,The leading place of study abroad reason is"Get a better education",67%;The second is"Strengthen professional comprehensive competitiveness",37%.

　　选择留学美国、英国、澳大利亚和加拿大的高中生留学的最主要理由是“教学质量好，国内对其学历认同度高”，其中，希望去加拿大和澳大利亚留学的高中生，选择理由更多基于这些国家“工作和移民容易”。选择到德国、法国、日本等国家留学的理由除了“教学质量好，国内对其学历认同度高”之外，更多的是考虑费用比较低。

Choose the United States/British/Australia and Canada's high school students to study abroad the main reason is"Teaching quality good,The degree of domestic high identities",the,Want to go to Canada and Australia high school students to study abroad,Based on these countries more reasons for choice"Work and immigration easily".Choose to Germany/France/Japan and other countries to study abroad reasons besides"Teaching quality good,The degree of domestic high identities"outside,More is to consider the cost is low.

　　全国人大常委会副委员长、欧美同学会·中国留学人员联谊会会长韩启德在欧美同学会北京论坛开幕式致辞中说，“中国梦”是什么？大家会不假思索地说是强我中华。“美国梦”则强调个人成功。

NPC standing committee vice-chairperson/Europe and the United States homecoming · Chinese students studying abroad association President HanQiDe in Europe and the United States homecoming Beijing BBS in the opening speech said,"China dream"Is what?Everyone will unthinkingly said strong I Chinese."The American dream"The emphasis on individual success.

　　以此观之，高中生的“中国梦”和“美国梦”已迥异于百年前。

In this sense,High school students"China dream"and"The American dream"Has different from hundreds of years ago.

是谁在“诱惑”高中生出国留学 Who is"temptation"High school students study abroad

　　王辉耀说，进入21世纪，留学潮在全球涌现。从全球范围看，印度、巴西、南欧、非洲等地出国留学人数都大幅增长。

WangHuiYao said,In the 21st century,Study abroad tide in the emerging world.From around the world to see,India/Brazil/Southern Europe/Africa, etc study abroad toll are sharp increase.

　　联合国教科文组织网站发布的2003年至2007年5个年度的《全球教育要览：全球教育统计数据比较》显示，2003年至2007年，全世界留学生总数分别是181.07万、200.85万、228.02万、245.53万和272.28万，同期中国出国留学人员所占比例分别为6.47%、5.7%、5.2%、5.44%和5.3%。2011年，中国出国留学人数已经居世界首位，占全球总数的14%。

The United Nations educational, scientific and cultural organization on its web site from 2003 to 2007, five year's[Global education key:Global education statistics data comparison]display,From 2003 to 2007,The world total students respectively is 1.8107 million/2.0085 million/2.2802 million/245.53 and 2.7228 million,China's study abroad during the same period the proportion of personnel were 6.47%/5.7%/5.2%/5.44% and 5.3%.In 2011,,China study abroad toll has the highest in the world,Accounted for 14% of the global total.

　　高中生留学是时代潮流所趋。

High school students study abroad is the trend of The Times which way.

　　人民收入水平的提升以及国内教育资源的不足为留学热奠定了基础。另一方面，目前高校毕业生就业形势严峻，而且短期内无法得到根本改善。未来一段时间，留学热还会继续，高中生留学还会越来越多。

The people's income level of ascension and domestic education resources for the deficiency of the study hot laid the foundation.On the other hand,At present, the employment of college graduates the grim situation,And in the short term can't get the basic improvement.The next period of time,Study abroad will continue to heat,High school students study abroad will be more and more.

　　与此同时，受金融危机影响，外国政府更加注重通过吸引留学生，特别是高素质留学生来刺激经济复苏。王辉耀说，西方国家积极推进教育出口，通过招收国外学生谋求解决利益。尤其是澳大利亚、新西兰等教育资源相对过剩的国家，其中的大学希望通过招收外国留学生缓解招生压力。

meanwhile,By the financial crisis,Foreign governments pay more attention to by the attraction of the students,Especially high quality students to stimulate economic recovery.WangHuiYao said,Western countries actively promote education export,Through the recruit foreign students to solve the interests.Especially in Australia/New Zealand, education resources relative surplus countries,One of the university hope that through recruit foreign students enrollment ease pressure.

　　为此，2009年，澳大利亚政府开展了关于中国高考制度的研究，形成《关于中国高考的专题调研报告》，此报告向澳大利亚高校阐述了中国高考是一种有效的选拔学生的方式，可以作为澳大利亚高校录取中国学生的标准。在此报告影响下，自2009年开始，澳大利亚悉尼大学等大学在一定范围内采取以高考成绩作为标准录取中国学生，吸引中国学生赴澳留学。这与中国部分高中生放弃高考选择留学形成了鲜明的对比。

therefore,In 2009,,The Australian government carried out the study of the system of the university entrance exam about China,formation[About China's college entrance examination project research report],The report to the Australian high school this paper expounds the Chinese college entrance examination is an effective way of selection of students,Can be used as Australian high school admission standards of Chinese students.In this report under the influence,Since 2009,The university of Sydney, Australia university within the scope of certain and take to the university entrance exam scores as standard admit Chinese students,More Chinese students to study in Australia.The Chinese part of the high school students to give up the university entrance exam choose to study abroad to form bright contrast.

　　美国基辛格事务所总经理梅山：越本色越能对本国做出贡献

The United States kissinger firm general manager meishan:The nature of the country can make a contribution

　　“你跟我27年了，你骨子里是中国人，你总是把中国利益放在第一位。”美国前国务卿基辛格对梅山说。梅山承认了这一点。基辛格接着说：“我不会因此不信任你。我是美国人，我总是把美国利益放在第一位。我们在一起做一件事，做出来一定对中美两国都有好处。你变成百分之百的美国人，我会很失望的。”在欧美同学会北京论坛上，美国基辛格事务所总经理梅山和与会者分享了这样一段经历。梅山说：“这告诉我们，到海外的留学人员只要不放弃对中国的热爱，只要不放弃尽可能为中国做一些事情的愿望，在哪儿都能发挥作用。而且越本色，越是你自己，越能对本国做出贡献。”

"You and I 27 years,Your skin is Chinese,You always make China's interest in the first place."Former us secretary of state Henry kissinger to meishan said.Meishan admit it.Kissinger continued:"I won't so don't trust you.I'm American,I always put the interests of the United States in the first place.We are together to do one thing,To make certain the two nations are good.You become one hundred percent of americans,I will be very disappointed."In Europe and the United States homecoming Beijing on BBS,The United States kissinger firm general manager meishan and share this experience.Meishan said:"This tells us,To overseas students studying abroad as long as don't give up on China's love,As long as don't give up as far as possible for China to do some things wishes,Where can play a role.And the nature,The more you,The more contribution to country."

　　梅山呼吁，不要忘了尚未归国，但也同样抱着报答祖国之心、为祖国做事的人。与清末的精英留学相比，现在的留学已经变成了很多寻常百姓的生活选择，由于各种原因，滞留在海外生活，甚至传宗接代的会越来越多。随着国家的强大，这些人也应该划到国家重视的留学人才之内。(记者 杨桂青)

Meishan called for,Don't forget to has not yet returned,But also holding repay the heart of our motherland/For the motherland people doing things.In the late qing dynasty and the elite compared to study abroad,Now the study abroad has become a lot of ordinary people's life choice,For various reasons,Stranded in the overseas life,Even the breed will more and more.With the nation's strong,These people should also to row country attaches great importance to the study of talents within.(Reporter YangGuiQing)

恒隆地产董事长、美国亚洲协会联席主席陈启宗 ：希望中国人有一天不再做美国梦 The chairman of the board of real estate marketing/America Asia association chairman of the joint ChenQiZong :Hope the Chinese one day no longer do the American dream

　　“在座归国人才到美国去，做‘美国梦’有两个原因：第一是教育，第二是财富。”香港恒隆地产董事长、美国亚洲协会联席主席陈启宗在欧美同学会北京论坛上说，中国人也有中国梦，中国梦是国家的梦、民族的梦。“我从小在香港长大，从小我就知道有一天我到美国去读书，一去就去了快20年。我也做过美国梦，我希望中国人有一天不需要再做美国梦。”陈启宗的发言引来会场一片赞叹。他继续说，这并不表示美国没有我们可以学习的地方。美国有太多我们应该学习的地方，但是很多中国留学生到美国去只学了外表，没有学到精髓。在教育方面，西方成功很大原因是学术的严谨性，学术的严谨性缺失了，教育的水平也就缺失了，这样我们还要永远做美国梦，还要到美国去读书。在财富方面，他告诫与会诸位：“财富千万不要交给下一代，财富是从社会而来，也应该回归社会，留给下一代，是害了下一代。我在香港几十年，看到一代商界精英赚了钱，结果大部分败在下一代手上。”陈启宗说，告诉儿女，把钱用在社会上，对于个人、社会、国家都是好事。 (本报记者 杨桂青)

"All returned talents to the United States,do‘The American dream’There are two reasons:The first is education,The second is wealth."5 the chairman of the board of the Hong Kong real estate/America Asia association chairman of the joint ChenQiZong in Europe and the United States homecoming Beijing BBS says,Chinese and China dream,China dream is the nation's dream/National dream."I grew up in Hong Kong to grow up,From an early age knew one day I went to the United States to read,A go to go to the fast 20 years.I also do the American dream,I hope the Chinese one day don't need to do the American dream."ChenQiZong speech drew the meeting a piece of praise.He continued,This does not mean the United States no we can place of study.The United States has too much we should place of study,But many Chinese students to the United States only learned appearance,Did not learn the essence.In the education aspects,Success is a big reason for western academic rigour,Academic preciseness of the missing,Education level is missing,So we will always do the American dream,Go to the United States to read.In the wealth,He told the men:"Wealth must not to the next generation,Wealth from society,Should also return to society,Left to the next generation,Is caused great damage to the next generation.In Hong Kong I decades,See a generation business elite earned money,Results most of the defeat in the next generation of hands."ChenQiZong said,Tell the children,Put your money in the society,For individual/social/Countries are good. (Our reporter YangGuiQing)

北京低碳清洁能源研究所副所长兼首席科学家刘科：让中国天更蓝水更清 Beijing low carbon clean energy research institute vice director and chief scientists LiuKe:Let China day more blue water more clear

　　“让中国的天更蓝，水更清，这就是我的中国梦。”北京低碳清洁能源研究所副所长兼首席科学家、“千人计划”代表刘科在欧美同学会北京论坛上说。刘科在美国待了20多年，回国后创办了一个低碳能源研究所。他说，人类发展到今天，最后主要矛盾变成人类发展和自然资源、资源和环境的矛盾。“很多海归从国外带回来很多技术和理念，他们在思考这个问题时，要想一想怎么能够让中国天更蓝、水更清，并且在这方面做一些工作。”从这个角度说，海归在起桥梁的作用。“今天，我们需要一批真正理解中西方文化的人，共同促进人类和谐发展。”刘科说。

"Let China's day more blue,The water cleaner,This is my China dream."Beijing low carbon clean energy research institute vice director and chief scientists/"One thousand people plan"In Europe and the United States on behalf of the LiuKe homecoming Beijing BBS says.LiuKe in the United States for more than 20 years,After returning home started a low carbon energy research institute.He said,Human development today,The last major contradictions become human development and natural resources/Resources and environment of the contradiction."Many returnees from abroad brought back a lot of technology and concept,They are thinking about the problem,Must think about how to make China more blue day/The water cleaner,And in this respect to do some work."From this perspective,Returnees in the role of the bridge."today,We need a batch of truly understand Chinese and western cultures,Work together to promote the harmonious development of human beings."LiuKe said.

　　刘科对国家的现代化也有自己的思考。他认为，真正的现代化是要靠企业的现代化，“我个人觉得中国现代化要解决的一个问题，就是国企去官僚化，民企去家族化。取而代之的是一批有职业道德，有国际化视野的职业经理人，把中国国企和民企最后都变成有社会责任感的公共公司。”刘科说，“美国的卡梅隆、福特和比尔·盖茨，最后都把自己的大部分财产回馈给了社会。中国一批企业家用自己的能力赚钱，把自己的财产再回馈社会之日，也就是中国现代化之日，中国梦实现之日。”

LiuKe for the country's modernization have their own thinking.He thinks,The real modernization is to depend on the modernization of enterprise,"Personally, I think China's modernization to solve a problem,Is the state-owned enterprises to bureaucratization,Corporation to family-based.Instead, a number of professional ethics,Have internationalized vision of professional managers,The Chinese state-owned enterprises and corporation finally all become have a sense of social responsibility of public company."LiuKe said,"American Cameron/Ford and Bill Gates,Finally put most of our property feedback to the society.China a number of enterprise household his ability to make money,His property to reward the society of the day,The day is also China's modernization,To realize China's dream of the day."

　　为此，他建议“千人计划”(即“海外高层次人才引进计划”)不仅要引进一批技术人才，同时也要引进一批有管理经验的职业经理人。(记者 杨桂青)

therefore,He suggested that"One thousand people plan"(namely"The overseas high-level talents introduction of plan")Not only to introduce a group of technical talents,At the same time also to introduce a batch of management experience of professional managers.(Reporter YangGuiQing)