近日，教育部颁布实施新的《普通高等学校本科专业目录(2012年)》(以下简称“新目录”)和《普通高等学校本科专业设置管理规定》(以下简称“新规定”)。

recently,The ministry of education promulgated and implemented new[Professional undergraduate course of common colleges and universities directory(In 2012,)](Hereinafter referred to as"The new catalogue")and[Professional undergraduate course of common colleges and universities set up management regulations](Hereinafter referred to as"The new regulations").

　　新目录的学科门类由原来的11个增至12个，新增艺术学门类；专业类由原来的73个增至92个；专业由原来的635种调减至506种，其中基本专业352种，特设专业154种。

The new catalogue subject categories from originally of 11 to 12,New art categories;Professional class from originally of 73 to 92;Professional by the original 635 kind of to reduce to 506,The basic professional 352 species,AD hoc professional 154 species.

　　根据新规定，高校办学自主权进一步扩大，除了国家控制布点的62种专业和尚未列入新目录的新专业，其余444种专业，高校都可以自主设置，不再需要教育主管部门审批。“高校依法自主办学在专业设置上有了实质性进展。”教育部部长助理、党组成员林蕙青说。

According to the new regulations,University autonomy further expand,In addition to the stationing state control of the 62 species of professional and has not been included in the new directory new professional,The rest of the 444 kinds of professional,Universities can self setting,No longer need to education department for examination and approval."The run independently according to law in professional setting a substantial progress."The ministry of education assistant minister/Party members LinHuiQing said.

　　据介绍，基本专业是学科基础比较成熟、社会需求相对稳定、布点数量相对较多、继承性较好的专业，如汉语言文学、物理学等；特设专业是针对不同高校办学特色，或适应近年来人才培养特殊需求设置的专业，如禁毒学、能源经济等。这是新目录与前三版目录只有单一性质专业最大的区别。

According to introducing,Basic specialty is the base of the discipline more mature/Social needs relatively stable/Putting the relative quantity more/Adoptive good professional,Such as the Chinese language and literature/Physics, etc;AD hoc professional is aimed at different characteristics of higher education,In recent years, or to adapt to the talent training special requirement set professional,Such as drug control to learn/Energy economy, etc.This is the new catalogue and the former edition directory only a single property professional the biggest difference.

　　新目录在落实与扩大高校专业设置自主权上迈出了重大步伐。同时，为避免“一放就乱”的现象，也充分重视了“放权”之后的监管，采取了“一扩二减三加强”的措施，即扩大高校本科专业设置自主权；减少审批环节和审批数量；加强信息服务与公开、专家组织的作用、新设专业的质量管理及政府和社会对高校专业设置质量的有效监督。其中，将建立政府、社会及用人单位对专业质量的监督、评价机制，根据学校专业的社会声誉、毕业生就业状况、用人单位反馈意见等，形成高校专业建设监督监测体系和专业设置预警机制。还将积极推进网上公开申报、受理和咨询，高校备案或审批专业的材料全部实行网上公示，广泛接受社会监督。

New directory in the implementation and expand the professional autonomy set made significant steps.At the same time,In order to avoid"A put is disorderly"phenomenon,Also pay attention to the"decentralization"After the supervision,taken"A expanding two minus three strengthen"measures,That is to expand college undergraduate course major setting autonomy;The examination and approval process and reduce the number of examination and approval;Strengthening information service and public/Experts the function of the organization/Newly established professional quality management and the government and the society to the university major setting quality effective supervision.the,Will build the government/Social and unit of choose and employ persons to professional quality supervision/Evaluation mechanism,According to the school of professional social reputation/Graduates employment status/Unit of choose and employ persons feedback, etc,Form the professional construction supervision and monitoring system and professional setting warning mechanism.Will also actively promote online open declaration/Accept and consulting,The examination and approval for the record or professional material all the online publication,Widely accept social supervision.

　　改革开放以来，我国共经历了3次专业目录修订，本次修订是第四次。(记者张烁）

Since the reform and opening up,Our country has experienced a total of three professional directory revision,This revision is fourth.(Reporter ZhangShuo)