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《现代汉语词典》遭质疑 被指从根本上摧残汉字--亲稳网络舆情监测室
2012-11-10

    

  《现代汉语词典》(下称“现汉”)收录外文词语,当然违法,而且未发之处,非此一端,所违之法。亦非一宗,既违《文字法》,且违《消费者权益保障法》。但是,不能孤立看待。这是百年来汉字拼音化与反拼音化斗争的继续。

[Modern Chinese dictionary](said"Now han")Included foreign words,Of course the illegal,And not the place of hair,Not the end,Have violations of law.Nor a generation,Both violations[Text method],And violations[Protection of consumer rights].but,Can't isolated look at.This is one hundred years Chinese alphabetize and reverse alphabetize struggle to continue.

  一、传播错误理论,为拼音化张目

a/Propagation error theory,For alphabetize's

  以“文字”为例,1429页释作:记录语言符号。既不符合事实,也有悖于逻辑。记录语言符号,不都是文字,如速记符号,文字,又不都是记录语言的符号,从甲骨文的象形字,到近现代新创的会意字氕、氘、氚之类,都是显然的明证,更不要说纳西族的东巴情景字。

to"text"For example,1429 pages for interpretation:Record the glyphs of the language of light.Do not accord with the fact,Also contrary to logic.Record the glyphs of the language of light,Are not words,Such as shorthand symbols,text,And is not the symbol of language,Inscriptions on oracle bones from the pictographic character,To the modem coined talks word protium/deuterium/Tritium and so on,Is the proof of obviously,Not to mention the naxi dongba scene word.

  再如“词”,据211页释义:是语言里最小的可以自由运用的单位。则是把西方拼音文字语法观念强加给汉语汉字。事实上,汉语汉字的最小单位是字,而不是词。汉字之有字典,汉语成语之有字里行间、字斟句酌、字正腔圆(1730-1731页)之说,都可以为证。所有的词都由字构成,而且均有理据。而强调词不可分,再把成语混同于词,已造成恶劣后果,致使我国语言学博导居然能把“有违初衷”当作“事与愿违”使用。

Be like again"word",According to the 211 definition:Language is the least in the free use of the unit.Is the western alphabetic writing grammar concepts impose on Chinese characters.In fact,Chinese characters of the lowest denomination is the word,And yet are not words.The Chinese characters have a dictionary,Chinese idioms have between the lines/Weigh every word/Clear pronunciation and mellow voice(Pp 1730-1731)say,Can be card.All the word by word constitute,And all rational according to.And emphasizing the word inseparable,Again idiom confusion in the word,Has caused severe consequences,Cause our country formerly linguistics can actually"Against original intention"as"backfired"use.

  “现汉”不惜歪曲“训诂”。本义解释古书文字,“现汉”却说是“对古书字句做解释。”增一“句”字就模糊了“字”为文本的独立价值,并称“训诂学”为“语言学的一个分支”,就是颠倒历史了。

"Now han"At distort"Exegesis of".Original text to explain ancient books,"Now han"Said is"Words of ancient books do explain."Add a"sentence"Word the fuzzy"word"For text independent value,said"Of ancient texts"for"A branch of linguistics",History is upside down.

  更荒唐的是:87页称,表意文字,是“用符号来表示词或词素的文字,如古埃及文字、楔形文字和我国殷商时期的甲骨文字等”。似乎,其他如殷商以后、周秦以来的汉字,都不表意!87页“表音文字:用字母来表示语音的文字”。似乎,表音就不表意。但是,不表意,便不是文字!所有的拼音文字,拼写成字都不为表音,而一定是也只能是,为了表意!

More ridiculous is:87 says,ideograph,is"Use symbols to represent words or morpheme words,Such as ancient Egypt text/Cuneiform and shells in China in the period of the oracle bone inscriptions etc".Seems to,Other such as after shells/Weeks since the qin dynasty of Chinese characters,Are not ideographic!87"Alphabetic writing:Use letters to represent speech text".Seems to,The table sound is not ideographic.but,Don't ideographic,Will not text!All of the phonetic writing,Spelling into words are not for the table sound,And must be also is only,In order to ideographic!

  二、越来越多的音译词

two/More and more transliteration words

  1997年“修订本”还没有敢收“派对”,第5版就收了,第5版还没有收的“嘉年华”,却成了第6版的规范汉语。如果《康熙字典》之后,都采取这种方针,中国字书就很可能充斥着:淡巴菰、普列玺天德、德律风,等等,说不定还会有“米希米系”、“巴格雅鲁”……。辞书,不是语言的被动记录,还有规范的职责,所以,以往,有了“烟草”便不收“淡巴菰”,有了“电话”就不收“德律风”……而“现汉”,有了“聚会”,“三点式泳装”,“狂欢节”,还偏要收“派对”、“比基尼”,“嘉年华”……

In 1997,"revision"Haven't dare to accept"party",Took the fifth edition,The fifth edition has not reap"carnival",Have become the sixth edition of the standard Chinese.if[Kangxi dictionary]after,Adopt this kind of policy,Chinese lexicon is probably full:Light and wild/Tome seal of fathers day DE/DE law wind,, etc,Maybe there will be"Meters and meters system"/"Barg yarrow"…….dictionaries,Language is not the passive record,And the responsibilities of the standard,so,In the past,the"tobacco"Will not accept"Light and wild",the"telephone"Don't want"DE law wind"……and"Now han",the"party","Three point swimsuit","carnival",Also partial to accept"party"/"bikini","carnival"……

  收词,貌似随意,却完全蓄意。

vocabulary,Seemingly random,Was completely deliberately.

  三、从根本上摧残汉字

three/Fundamentally vandalize Chinese characters

  汉字优越在于经济有效、构造均有理据。广收音译词,就会形成冲击。再以“嘉年华”为例,“现汉”收录之前carnival 早有恰当译名,“狂欢节”,其他转义皆由此衍生。Carnival众多释义之一,是“狂欢节,嘉年华会”。“嘉年华会”,是音义兼顾的汉译。嘉年华合在一起,当为:美好岁月。而会,可理解为聚会、庙会。而把“嘉年华”当作一个规范词,三个字便失去其本义而变成为录音符号。长此以往,当汉字全都蜕化成“记录语言的符号”,拼音化就水到渠成了。既然汉字都是录音符号,何必费事写成方块,干脆,不如都用ABC!

Chinese characters is superior economic and effective/Structure are rational according to.Wide radio translation word,Will form the impact.then"carnival"For example,"Now han"Included carnival before early have appropriate translation,"carnival",Other escape are thus derived.Carnival is one of the many definitions,is"carnival,carnival"."carnival",Is the translation of give attention to two or morethings significance.Carnival together,As for:Good years.And will,For the party can understand/Temple fair.And the"carnival"As a standard word,Three words will lose its original meaning and become for recording symbol.In the long run,When Chinese characters are all degenerate into"Record the glyphs of the language of light",Alphabetize the success when conditions are ripe.Since Chinese characters are recording symbol,Why trouble in square,simply,As with ABC!

  四、方言充作普通话

four/Dialect pass off as mandarin

  “现汉”自称“以推广普通话、促进汉语规范化为宗旨”,实际上是推广北京土话,并且混淆了语和文的区别。再以“比基尼”为例,“修订本”、“第5版”和“第6版”的释义几乎完全相同,都把别种辞书所称“短裤”改成“裤衩”,唯独“第6版”,把先前两版的“裤衩”改写成“裤衩儿”。再如“煤核儿”之标注为“meihur煤胡儿”,等等。这种以编写者自家方言为规范读音的做法,已引起个别不同方言如粤语使用者的反感,造成了我国民族内部的语言纷争与地方族群之间的不和,也难成普通。

"Now han"Claim to"To promote mandarin/Promote Chinese standardization for the purpose",In fact is to promote Beijing dialect,And confusing the language and difference.then"bikini"For example,"revision"/"Fifth edition"and"Version 6"The meanings are almost identical,The other dictionaries are mentioned"shorts"into"underpants",only"Version 6",The previous two version of"underpants"Rewritten into"Underpants son".Be like again"Coal cinder"Mark for the"Meihur coal HuEr",, etc.This writers in order to regulate their own dialect pronunciation practices,Has caused individual different dialects such as cantonese users antipathy,Caused our national internal language disputes and local ethnic differences with,Also difficult into ordinary.

  五、释等于不释,以讹传讹

five/Release is equal to the interpretation of the basic,Incorrectly relay an erroneous message

  如“法西斯主义”,“一种最反动最野蛮的独裁制度和思想体系。”而“纳粹”,“德国民族社会主义工人党,是以希特勒为头子的最反动的法西斯主义政党。”那么,两相比较,谁更“最”?把简称“国社党”的“德国国家社会主义工人党”,改称“德国民族社会主义工人党”,是缺乏历史常识,但作为出版物,却又是在传播错讹知识。

if"fascism","One of the most reactionary the most brutal dictatorship system and ideology."and"Nazi","National socialist German workers' party,Based on Hitler as chief of the most reactionary fascism party."so,Two phase comparison,Who is more"The most"?The referred to as"Country club party"of"The German national socialist party",renamed"National socialist German workers' party",History is the lack of common sense,But for the publication,It is in spreading knowledge administration.

  还有一种以讹传讹,如“恼羞成怒”,据“现汉”说,是“由于羞愧和恼恨而发怒”,而“恼”,就是“怒”,这就等于说,“由于羞愧恼怒而恼怒”。显然,这是成语“老羞成怒”的讹传。

Still have a kind of incorrectly relay an erroneous message,if"miff",According to"Now han"said,is"Due to the shame and anger and wrath",and"angered",is"anger",This is to say,"Due to shame with rage and anger".obviously,This is an idiom"Be shamed into anger"False report of.

  最严重的是,自我殖民地化,

The most serious is,Ego colonization,

  “现汉”自称:“遵循促进现代汉语规范化的一贯宗旨,……。”但是,翻阅过几个版本,就不难明白,其一贯宗旨,就是要把方块汉字稳稳当当送进历史博物馆,同时,以逐步蚕食的方式用越来越多的录音符号排挤自有理据的汉字词语。如上所述,造字构词自有理据因而好学好记的汉字词语,将逐渐蜕变成外国人好认好记而中国人必须死记硬背的录音符号排列组合。

"Now han"Claim to:"Follow to promote the standardization of modern Chinese consistent purpose,……."but,Browse through several versions,It's not hard to see,The consistent purpose,The square Chinese characters is safe and secure sent to the history museum,At the same time,By using the way of eating with more and more recording symbol crowding out from rational according to Chinese words.As mentioned above,Word-building from rational according to so good to learn Chinese characters written words,Will gradually transformed into a foreigner good to recognize good mind and Chinese must rote recording symbol permutation and combination.

  所谓“西文字母开头的词语”在“修订本”中,一开始只有39条。第5版便扩充4.5倍,有182条;第6版,收词就达到了239条。看来,所谓“字母开头”不过是个幌子,其目的,并不在用。难道真有人会到“现汉”去查WC,去查TNT?

The so-called"Acronyms and words"in"revision"in,Article 39 the beginning only.The fifth edition will expand 4.5 times,Article 182;Version 6,The word article to reach 239.It seems,The so-called"letter"But is a cover,The purpose of,Not in use.Don't a person can to"Now han"To check WC,To check TNT?

  1752页上的ED,本来,不同语境下有不同语义,之一是erectiledysfunction “现汉”的释义却只选用一条:“男性勃起功能障碍”,废话,两字就够:阳痿。有人说PM2.5不可译。但是,除非中国没有,只要有,就可译!何况PM并非新词,我译:“微粒2.5”或“浮尘2.5”。我还敢说:绝对正确!但是,“现汉”在1754页上却用废话给它写了4行释义。

On page 1752 of ED,was,Different context have different semantic,It is one of erectiledysfunction "Now han"The meanings but only choose a:"Male erectile dysfunction",nonsense,Two word is enough to:impotence.Someone said PM2.5 untranslatability.but,Unless China does not have,As long as there is,Can the!How much more will PM is not new,I write:"Particle 2.5"or"Floating dust 2.5".I dare say:Absolutely right!but,"Now han"In 1754 page but with the nonsense to give it wrote four lines definition.

  还有什么外语是不可收的?为“西文字母开头的词语”在“现汉”中开辟一块不断膨胀的殖民地,只有象征意义,象征方块汉字正被逐渐阉割,拼音化的脚步正日甚一日向前推移。同时,也暴露出现汉编撰者所追求的目标、所塑造的规范:汉字的拉丁化,拉丁化的汉字。

What language is not accept?for"Acronyms and words"in"Now han"Open up in a piece of expanding colonies,Only symbolic meaning,Symbol square Chinese characters are being gradually castration,Alphabetize steps forward with increasing intensity is goes on.At the same time,It has also exposed in the Chinese modern pursuit of the goal/The shape of the specification:Chinese characters latinized,Latinized characters.

  据江蓝生诡辩:“文字法没禁止使用字母词,还说了需使用时,用通用语言文字作必要注释,《现汉》就是贯彻规定,用规范的文字给字母词做解释。”请问,是谁需要?再请问,那些外语词和释义,全都是“注释”?请读“现汉”1704页:注解:注解古籍,注解:难懂的字,都有注解。同页用文字来解释字句;解释字句的文字。前副院长啊前副院长,“现汉”是在为谁作注?何况,私收HSK,PCS,WSK之类不中不外的符号可也是明令禁止的啊!”

According to the river LanSheng sophistry:"Text method didn't banned the use of letter words,Also said that the need to use,With universal language as necessary to comment,[Now han]Is implement the provisions,With the standard text to letter word do explain."Excuse me,Who need?Excuse me again,Those foreign language words and definition,Is all"note"?Please read"Now han"1704:comment:Comment ancient,comment:Difficult word,Have comment.With page words to explain words;Explain letter words.Former vice President ah former vice President,"Now han"For who is for note?How much more,Private collect HSK,PCS,WSK miss such as nothing more than symbols can also banned ah!"

  有人说汉语本不纯洁,捍卫从何谈起!是不懂语言的纯洁是个动态概念。不得不用德律风时,汉语的纯洁性受到冲击,到以电话称之,受损的纯洁便得到弥补。捍卫,是个动态的过程。维护汉字的纯洁,便是维护汉字作为造字构词皆有理据、以形表意方块字的固有特性。

Someone said that Chinese is not pure,Defend from any talk about!Is don't understand language purity is a dynamic concept.Not need not DE law when the wind,The purity of Chinese by impact,To telephone call it,The purity of damaged gets up.defend,Is a dynamic process.Maintain the purity of Chinese characters,Is the maintenance of Chinese characters as word-building are rational according to/To form ideographic characters of inherent characteristic.



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