近日，一份《农村教育布局调整十年评价报告》显示，撤点并校政策在农村逐步实施以来，2000年到2010年期间，中国农村平均每天消失63所小学、30个教学点、3所初中，几乎每过一小时，就要消失4所农村学校。过度撤并已导致上学远、学生辍学流失、农村家庭教育负担增加等诸多不容忽视的社会问题。

recently,a[Rural education layout adjustment ten years evaluation report]display,From point BingJiao policy in the countryside since implemented step by step,During 2000 to 2010,China's rural on an average day disappeared 63 primary school/30 teaching school/3 junior high school,Almost every one hour,Will disappear and rural schools.Excessive merging has led to far to go to school/Loss of students drop out/The rural family education burden increase and so on many serious social problem.

　　近四年来，全国小学辍学率大幅度回升，农村小学生学校离家的平均距离为10.83华里，农村初中生离家的平均距离为34.93华里，流失辍学及隐性流失辍学率提高。这已经不是教育界第一次谈论“撤点并校”之弊，而就在两个月前，国务院办公厅也刚刚出台了《关于规范农村义务教育学校布局调整的意见》，将实施了十余年的“撤校并点”政策叫停。

Nearly four years,The national primary school dropout rates rebounded significantly,The rural pupils' school the average distance from home for 10.83 warry,Rural junior high school student the average distance from home for 34.93 warry,Erosion school dropout and recessive loss increase dropout rates.This is not the first time talking about education"From point BingJiao"Disadvantages of,And just two months ago,The general office of the state council has just issued a[Rural compulsory education on regulating the school layout adjustment opinion],Will be carried out more than 10 years"From school and point"Policy called.

　　所谓“撤点并校”，是源自于2001年的一项农村教育布局调整政策，其目的是降低办学成本、优化资源配置，提高教学质量，促进教育均衡发展。在计划生育导致农村生源减少、农村人口向城市快速转移的大背景下，“撤点并校”政策的出台本来有其一定的合理性，但在经过十年的走样执行后，现在却成为失败公共政策的一个样本。

The so-called"From point BingJiao",Is derived from a 2001 rural education layout adjustment policy,Its purpose is to reduce the teaching cost/Optimize allocation of resources,Improve the quality of teaching,To promote the balanced development of education.In family planning lead to reduce rural students/The rural population to cities under the background of rapid transfer,"From point BingJiao"A package of policy appearing had its rationality,But after ten years out of shape after implementation,But now have become a public policy failure of a sample.

　　从表面上看，“撤点并校”的失败起自各地对政策的曲解和执行的走样，政策要求“因地制宜”，但在地方的执行中却搞一刀切，致使很多不宜撤点并校的偏远地区、人口稀少地区也盲目撤并，损害了学生利益，破坏了教育公平。这项公共政策天然存在诱使地方上犯错的香饵。比如，对很多地方来说，“撤点并校”本身就意味着教育开支与管理成本的减少，意味着卸包袱。

On the face of it,"From point BingJiao"Failure of policy from all the distortion and the execution of out of shape,Policy requirements"Adjust measures to local conditions",But in the place of execution but make one size fits all,The many unfavorable from point of BingJiao remote areas/Sparsely populated region merging also blind,Harm the interests of the students,Destroy the education fair.The public policy natural existence induces local XiangEr mistakes.For example,To many places for,"From point BingJiao"Itself means education expenditure and management cost reduction,Means XieBaoFu.

　　学校撤并在短时期内可能确实减少了政府的开支，但其实质却是把原来政府的成本开支转嫁为农民家长的经济成本、学生上学的时间成本和安全风险，对全社会来说，总效益只减不增。对此，深受其害的农民们或许说不出所以然，但上学远、上学贵、上学难的苦痛却是直接感受。

Merger of school in a short period may actually reduce the expense of government,But the essence is the original cost of government spending on for farmer parents economic cost/Students go to school time cost and safety risk,For to the whole society,The total benefit does not increase a minus.this,Kill by its farmers may say a concourse,But school far/School your/School difficult pain is felt directly.

　　“撤点并校”之败，关键是忘记了以人为本，而一项不以人的利益为核心的公共政策，即便再符合经济学原理，又怎么会成功呢？而另外一个值得反思的关键则是：撤点并校带给相关学生和家长的痛苦，在施行之初即已完全体现，为什么这种民意未能及时上传，以至走调的政策推行了足足十年之久？还有，十年撤并后，至今中国农村小学已减少了22.94万所，占总数的52.1%，政策虽然已叫停，留下的后遗症该如何医治，那些被不当撤并的农村学校是否会恢复呢？

"From point BingJiao"With the,The key is forget the people-oriented,And a don't make the benefit of human as the core of the public policy,Even if to conform to the principles of economics,And how can success?And the other a worthy of reflection is the key:From point BingJiao related to the students, the parents and the pain,In the beginning of the enforcement of that has been fully reflected,Why this opinion timely upload,And out of tune policy implementation for ten years?and,Ten years after the merger of,So far China's rural primary school has been reduced by 229400,Accounted for 52.1% of the total,Policy although has to stop,Leave sequela how to heal,Those who are not the merging of rural school would restore it?

　　与一项政策的失败相比，或许中国农村教育的未来更值得关注。从大教育的视角来讲，撤点并校对中国农村家庭、生活方式、生产方式已产生深刻的影响和改变。中国的乡间教育历史至今已历时千年，如明朝时期，朱元璋既诏立每五十家立一社学，经、书免费，蒙师由官，这构成中国乡村的文化基因与精神血液。现在，乡村的大规模消失与城镇化，本来已是中国亘古未有的巨变，传统的乡村学校是否也要随之走向末路呢？

And the failure of a policy compared,Perhaps the future of China's rural education more worthy of attention.From the perspective of education will tell,From point and proofreading China's rural family/Way of life/Mode of production has produced profound influence and change.China's rural education history has already lasted one thousand years,Such as the Ming dynasty period,Zhu yuanzhang within both made every fifty home made a SheXue,the/Book free,MengShi by officer,This is a Chinese rural cultural genes and spirit blood.now,The country large-scale disappear and urbanization,Already is the everlasting not some change,The traditional country whether schools will then to end it?