数据说话 Data to speak

海南居民体质两头翘中间平中小学生耐力下降不容乐观 Hainan residents constitution two head become warped intermediate flat primary and middle school students fall endurance is not optimistic

　　海南省第三次国民体质监测结果日前出炉，与上次国民体质监测结果相比，我省居民中，3-6岁幼儿及20-69岁居民的体质总体状况呈良性发展态势。

Hainan province, the third national physique monitoring results released recently,And the last time the national physique monitoring results,Residents in our province in,3 to 6 years old preschool children and 20-69 - year - old residents constitution overall status is benign development trend.

　　2010年国民体质监测是自2000年以来，中国第三次国民体质监测工作，由10个部门在全国31个省区市开展，体质检测指标涵盖身体形态、身体机能和身体素质、健康状况等多个方面。其中，体育总局牵头组织实施幼儿、成年人、老年人体质监测工作；教育部牵头组织实施儿童青少年体质监测工作。

The 2010 national civil constitution monitoring is since 2000,The third time the Chinese national physique monitoring work,From 10 departments in 31 between provincial development,Physical examination indexes cover body shape/Body function and physical quality/Health, etc.the,General administration of sports, organize the implementation of the lead children/adults/The elderly's physique monitoring work;The ministry of education lead organization to implement children constitution monitoring work.

　　在实施幼儿、成年人、老年人体质监测工作时，我省在海口、琼海、儋州和乐东4个市县抽取监测对象，完成了约48.5万个有效数据的采集，全部有效样本量为7439人。与全国各省市第三次国民体质监测结果对比表明，第三次国民体质监测，我省幼儿、成年人、老年人体质的总体达标率高于全国平均水平5个百分点，排在上海、广东、浙江、广西之后，位居全国第五；体质综合指数为102.94，高于全国水平(100.39)，排在上海、江苏、广西、广东、浙江、北京之后，居全国第七位。

In the implementation of children/adults/The elderly's physique monitoring work,Our province in haikou/qionghai/DanZhou and LeDong four cities and counties extraction monitoring object,Completed about 485000 valid data collection,All the effective sample size for 7439 people.And to all provinces and cities the third national physique monitoring results show that contrast,The third national physique monitoring,Children in our province/adults/The elderly's physique overall success rate is higher than the national average of 5%,Row in Shanghai/guangdong/zhejiang/After the guangxi,Fifth in the national;A synthetical index was 102.94,Higher than the national average(100.39),Row in Shanghai/jiangsu/guangxi/guangdong/zhejiang/After Beijing,In the country the seventh.

　　然而，对于我省7-19岁的中小学生群体而言，体质监测结果不容太过乐观。就综合指数来说，大致处于全国中等水平；就耐力指数来说，在全国大致处于中等偏下水平。

however,For our province 7 - at the age of 19 primary and middle school students in groups,Constitution monitoring results not too optimistic.It is comprehensive index,Roughly in the medium level;Just for endurance index,In the national roughly in middle rdi level.

专家分析 Expert analysis

自然环境利于居民养生学生锻炼不足致耐力下滑 The natural environment for the residents health students lack of exercise to endurance glide

　　有专家认为，海南省第三次国民体质监测结果排名靠前，其主要原因是得益于以下一些有利因素。如海南的自然环境优越、气候条件良好、适合居住、近年来海南人民生活水平不断提高、物质条件快速增长；海南省喜欢清淡食品，饮食习惯更为科学，医疗保障水平不断提高，海南人越来越重视群众性健身体育活动；海南人生活节奏相对较慢，心理压力较小；海南人多数不肥胖，且身材相对娇小均衡，身体机能负担较轻，这些原因使得近年来海南居民的身体素质得到提高。

Some experts think the,Hainan province, the third national physique monitoring results ahead,The main reason is that benefit from the following some favorable factors.Such as hainan natural environment is superior/Climate condition good/Place to live/In recent years, hainan the people's living standards improve/The fast growth of material conditions;Hainan like light food,Eating habits more scientific,The medical security level enhances unceasingly,Hainan people pay more and more attention to mass fitness sports activities;Hainan people relatively slow pace of life,Psychological pressure smaller;Hainan people most not fat,And figure relative delicate balance,Body function burden lighter,These reasons make in recent years hainan of the body of any resident quality improved.

　　海南师范大学体育学院副院长郝文亭教授多年来从事学生体质健康研究，先后主编了《学生体质与体育教学改革研究》、《海南省学生体质健康研究》等书籍。他的研究表明，近年来海南省中小学生的多项身体素质指标有所下滑，其中包括速度素质、力量素质、耐力素质等。这与中小学生锻炼时间不足、锻炼力度不够有直接关系。

Hainan normal university, vice President of the college sports HaoWenTing professor for many years engaged in students' physical health research,Successively the editor[Students' constitution and physical education teaching reform]/[Students' physical health study of hainan province]books.His research has demonstrated that,In recent years, hainan province small and medium-sized students' multiple physical quality index dropped,Including speed quality/Strength quality/Endurance quality, etc.The primary and middle school students lack of exercise time/Exercise has a direct relationship is not strong enough.

　　郝文亭的研究还显示，在引体向上、耐力、柔韧等方面，农村中学的学生明显优于城市中学的学生。对此他表示，城市中学要更重视抓体育课和课外体育活动的质量，学校要重视体育课的作用，加大体育课的容量，内容安排上要选择具有一定运动负荷、符合年龄特点、能够有效提高学生身体素质的体育项目。

HaoWenTing research also showed that the,In the chin up/endurance/Flexibility, etc,The rural middle school students is obviously superior to the urban middle school students.This he said,City middle school physical education and to pay more attention to grasp the quality of extracurricular sports activities,The school should pay more attention to the function of physical education,Increase the capacity of the physical education,Arrangement of the content should choose to have certain sports load/Accord with age characteristics/To improve the students' physical quality sports.

　　郝文亭建议，各学校应加强对学生速度素质、力量素质、心肺功能的锻炼及其引导，可以考虑对体育教学内容加以调整，增加一些可以提升速度、力量、耐力素质的练习。就提升耐力而言，关键在于持续时间长，运动强度在中等以下即可。长时间跑步是提升耐力的最有效方式，而长时间走路、跳绳、骑自行车、打球其实也可以达到提升耐力的锻炼效果。

HaoWenTing Suggestions,Schools should focus on students' speed quality/Strength quality/Cardiopulmonary function exercise and guide,This can be considered for sports teaching content to be adjusted,Add some can promote speed/power/Endurance quality of practice.Can ascend in endurance,The key lies in lasted for a long time,The movement intensity is below average in can.Long time running is the most effective way to improve stamina,And long time to walk/Rope skipping/Riding a bicycle/Play actually can also improve the endurance exercise effect.

记者调查 Reporter investigation

学校场地有限或课时不足一小时集体锻炼有难度 The school site co., LTD., or less than one hour class collective exercise have difficulty

　　教育部曾多次下文，要求中小学校认真执行国家课程标准，保质保量上好体育课，其中小学1-2年级每周4课时，小学3-6年级和初中每周3课时，高中每周2课时。除此之外，在教育部2011年7月下发的《切实保证中小学生每天一小时校园体育活动的规定》中，还有一项要求：对于当天没有体育课的学生，学校必须在下午课后组织学生进行一小时集体体育锻炼。但记者调查发现，对于上述要求，目前能做到的学校似乎并不多。而相关调查也表明，全国平均大约只有两成的学校能做到。

The ministry of education has repeatedly below,For small and medium-sized school seriously implement the national curriculum standard,Quality and quantity assured superior physical education,The primary 1-2 grade 4 lessons per week,Primary school grade 3-6 and junior high school every week 3 class,High school 2 class a week.In addition,In July 2011 the ministry of education issued the[A solid guarantee for primary and middle school students daily for an hour of sports activities on campus of provisions]in,And a requirement:For the students without physical education,Schools must be in the afternoon class organizes the student to carry on an hour collective sports exercise.But reporter survey found,For the request,At present can do school doesn't seem much.And the related research also shows that,The national average only about twenty percent of the schools can do it.

　　据调查，我省众多学校每周仅为小学生或初中生安排2节体育课，有的学校甚至把每周2节的体育课安排在一起上。而且，体育课质量不高，做个简单游戏就收场“乘凉”，达不到小学生通过体育课锻炼身体的目的。

According to the survey,Many schools in our province only a week for primary school students in junior high school students or arrange two PE lessons,Some schools even every week 2 section of the physical education arranged in together.and,Physical education quality is not high,Do a simple game will end"cool",Can not reach the elementary school students through the physical exercise purpose.

　　在走访中小学校的过程中，甚至还有校长对记者说，“我们按照国家教育部的要求，从小学一年级到六年级，每周开齐了2节体育课。”

Visit in small and medium-sized school process,Even the headmaster told reporters,"We according to the requirement of the state educational ministry,From primary school grade one to grade six,Open a week together 2 PE lessons."

　　省教育厅体育卫生艺术处负责人认为，九年制义务教育阶段学生上不够体育课有人为的原因，也有客观条件的制约。一些学校称课时紧张，没有多余的时间留给体育课，实际上，这与校领导是否重视体育有关。客观原因是，众多城区学校包括一些优质学校在内均因场地狭窄或没有运动场地，上体育课成了难题。农村学校不缺乏体育场地，却又因经济条件制约，普遍缺乏体育器材。

Guangdong provincial sports health art place officials think,Nine-year compulsory education stage on physical education students is not enough for the cause of the people,Also have objective restrictions.Some schools say class nervous,Have no spare time to physical education,In fact,This is the school leader and pay more attention to the sports.Objective reason is,Many city schools, including some quality school are due to space narrow or no sports venues,Physical education classes became a difficult problem.Rural schools have no lack of sports venues,Yet because of the economic condition restriction,A general lack of sports equipment.

　　在海口老城区，有很多学校因为场地狭小被称为“麻雀学校”，如海口第三小学、第十小学、第八小学等多所学校因为学校操场太小或根本没有操场，不得不让学生到海口人民广场上体育课。

In haikou city,There are many schools because site narrow is called"The sparrow school",Such as haikou third primary school/The first ten elementary school/The eighth elementary schools for the school playground is too small or no playground,Have to let students to haikou people's square in physical education.

　　在调查中，还有很多体育教师反映，《国家学校体育卫生条件基本标准》对学校体育器材拥有量有一整套的标准，达标的学校并不多。许多城区学校所能提供给学生的运动器械也就是篮球、乒乓球、羽毛球和跳绳，而在农村，由于体育器材缺乏，体育课上，只安排学生跑步和极少数运动。甚至是“一个哨子两个球，老师学生都自由。”

In the investigation,There are many sports teachers reflect,[National school sports health condition basic standard]The ownership to the school sports equipment has a set of standard,The school is not much.Many city schools can provide students' sports equipment also is basketball/Table tennis/Badminton and rope skipping,In rural areas of,Due to the lack of sports equipment,P.E. class,Only arrange students running and a handful of movement.even"A whistle two goals,The teacher students are free."

专家支招 Experts move

挖掘传统体育游戏吸引学生主动锻炼身体 Mining traditional sports games attract students active exercise

　　“孩子体质差，一降温就感冒，小小年纪就成了近视眼，可怎么办啊？”很多家长为此感到焦急。

"The child physical difference,A cooling will catch a cold,Small age become myopic eye,How can do ah?"Many parents feel anxious.

　　“由于学校场地有限、资金有限，缺少体育器材，如何才能让学生玩得好？”很多校长对此颇感头疼。

"Due to the limited school field/Capital co., LTD.,,Lack of sports equipment,How to let students play well?"A lot of the headmaster was to have a headache.

　　郝文亭教授给广大体育教师提议，要设计更丰富的体育活动形式吸引学生参与体育活动。特别是小学生，因为年龄小，还没有自愿锻炼身体的觉悟，需要体育老师多费点心思，培养出学生对于体育运动的兴趣，引导学生积极锻炼身体。

HaoWenTing professor gave the PE teachers' proposal,To design more rich sports activities form attract students participate in sports activities.Primary school students in particular,Because young,Haven't voluntary exercise the body's consciousness,Need to PE teacher to expend a bit of idea,Cultivate students' interest in sports,To guide students to take exercise.

　　郝文亭教授说，自古以来，游戏就是一种吸引人们参与娱乐活动、进行体育锻炼的有效手段，新的体育课程改革需要体育游戏来支撑。体育游戏有利于学生的视觉、听觉、四肢及肌肉运动的协调，有利于培养动作的准确性、灵活性，提高耐力、坚持力、控制力和适应能力，促进骨胳、肌肉的发展。

HaoWenTing professor says,Since the ancient times,The game is a kind of attract people to participate in recreational activities/Do sports effective means,The new physical education curriculum reform need sports games to support.Sports games is beneficial to students' vision/auditory/Limbs and muscular movement coordination,Is advantageous to the raise movement accuracy/flexibility,Improve stamina/Adhere to the force/Control and adaptive capacity,Promote skeletal/Muscle development.

　　为解决场地局限等问题，海师大体育学院的两位教授张雅玲、郝文亭共同主编了一套《室内体育游戏教程》，其中收集了276种室内体育游戏。其中，发展反应能力游戏有36种，发展身体力量游戏有62种，发展平衡、协调和灵敏素质游戏有48种，集中注意力游戏有22种、发展智力的游戏有78种，培养协作能力游戏有15种，活跃课堂气氛游戏有15种。

In order to solve problems such as limited site,HaiShi big sports institute two professors ZhangYaLing/HaoWenTing common editor a set[Indoor sports game tutorial],The collected 276 kinds of indoor sports game.the,Development response ability game with 36 kinds of,The development of physical strength game there are 62 species,Development balance/Coordinate and sensitive quality game has 48,Focus on the game have 22/The development of intelligence game there are 78 species,Training cooperation ability 15 of the game,Active classroom atmosphere 15 of the game.

　　还记得斗鸡、丢沙包、抢凳子等游戏吗？在这套教程中，收集有很多已经被现代人在电脑时代所淡忘的游戏。也有很多属于新设计的游戏，如渔翁与渔鹰、盲人篱笆等。

Remember cockfighting/sandbags/Rob stool etc games?In this tutorial,There are many have been collected in the modern computer age one game.Also has a lot of belongs to the new design of the game,Such as fisherman and fishing eagle/Blind fence, etc.

　　郝文亭教授乐意通过向中小学校体育教师赠送教程的方式来传播“阳光体育运动”的理念。他说，必要的时候，可以组织中小学体育教师展开培训，让更多的孩子在游戏中分享参加体育运动的乐趣。(南国都市报 记者许欣)

HaoWenTing professor willing to through to small and medium-sized school physical education teachers giving tutorial way to spread"Sunshine sports"concept.He said,necessary,Can organize the P.E. teachers' expansion training,Let more children in the game to share the fun of sports.(Southern metropolis daily reporter XuXin)