本版图片均为本报记者 母家亮摄 This picture are our reporter on the watchmen who shot

　　2012年11月14日，陕西省招办下发《关于做好2013年普通高校招生考试报名工作的通知》，规定截至2013年8月31日，常住户籍和高级中等教育阶段在陕连续学籍均满3年者，自12月1日至7日进行高考网上报名。

On November 14, 2012,Shaanxi province issued by manages[The preparation for in 2013 the ordinary university recruitment of students test registration work of the notice],Regulations by August 31, 2013,Permanent household registration and senior secondary education stage in shaanxi continuous student status are the full 3 years,Since December 1 to 7 college entrance examination online application.

　　与往年相同的“户籍学籍双三年”条件不变，这意味着广受关注的“异地高考”问题，截至目前在陕西尚未放开。不过，《通知》中也留有余地，写明“教育部、陕西省人民政府关于随外出务工父母在外省就读考生参加高考报名的条件如有新规定时，另行安排落实”。

And ever the same"Census register status as a double three years"Conditions remain unchanged,This means that the wide concern"Different college entrance examination"problems,So far in shaanxi has not let go.but,[notice]Also leave some leeway,indicate"The ministry of education/Shaanxi province people's government with the parents about the migrant workers in the provinces attend candidates to participate in college entrance examination registration conditions such as new rules,Arranges for implementation".

　　与此同时，为了保障高考考生的基本权利，解决陕西在外省务工人员子女的“异地高考”难题，让陕西考生可以在家乡顺利参加高考，《通知》中还作出补充规定，对户籍一直在陕西、长期随外出务工父母在外省就读、在陕学籍不满3年者，可以在户籍所在县(区)报名。

meanwhile,In order to protect the fundamental rights of the college entrance examination,In the provinces of shaanxi province solve migrant workers children"Different college entrance examination"problem,Let shaanxi candidates may exam at home,[notice]Also make supplementary provisions,Has been to census register in shaanxi/Long-term with migrant workers in the provinces parents enrolled/Students in shaanxi with those three years,Can be in the county of census register(area)registration.

　　陕西省招办新闻发言人郝春怀介绍：考生本人或随父亲(母亲)因军转安置、工作调动(指国家机关、事业单位、国有企业人事管理部门办理的调动)正常迁转在陕落户者，不受户籍、学籍年限限制。此时，陕西也正在加紧制定外省籍来陕务工人员子女在陕西参加高考的具体方案，成熟时将在报省政府批准后向社会发布。

Shaanxi manages spokesman HaoChunHuai is introduced:Candidates with himself or his father(mother)Because of the resettlement has/transferred(Refers to the state organs/institutions/The state-owned enterprise personnel management department to deal with transfer)The moving in shaanxi normal in person,From household/Student life limit.At this time,Shaanxi also are hustling mainlanders to shaanxi migrant workers children in shaanxi to participate in college entrance examination concrete plan,When mature in the provincial government approved for release to the society.

进城务工家庭：孩子的升学“等不起” Family migrant workers:The child's studies"Afford to wait"

　　“终于等到这一天了！”当听到梦想多年的“异地高考”，有了国家层面的“时间表”时，在西安打工的安徽籍装修业工人黄德彪一家，为这样一则“很实惠”的新闻，兴奋了很长一段日子。

"Finally wait until this day!"When heard the dream for many years"Different college entrance examination",The national level"schedule"when,In xi 'an to work AnHuiJi ZhuangXiuYe workers HuangDeBiao a,For such a"A cost-effective way"news,Excited for a long time.

　　2012年8月30日，国务院办公厅转发教育部等四部委《关于做好进城务工人员随迁子女接受义务教育后在当地参加升学考试工作意见的通知》，其中规定各省、自治区、直辖市有关随迁子女升学考试的方案，原则上应于2012年年底前出台。

On August 30, 2012,The general office of the state council and the ministry of education forward four ministries and commissions[The preparation for migrant workers SuiQian children receive compulsory education in local after in the entrance exam work opinion notice],The provision that the provinces/Autonomous region/The municipality directly under the SuiQian children eleven-plus solutions,In principle, should be in 2012 issued by the end of the year.

　　45岁的黄德彪和妻子，都是装修业的贴砖工人，2004年从安徽老家出来，已经在西安工作了8年。租房子安家，买汽车跑业务，言谈举止间，他们俨然是个陕西人。然而，一双上中学的儿女还在安徽读书，这是老黄家多年的“心病”。

45 years old HuangDeBiao and his wife,Are ZhuangXiuYe of tile workers,2004 from anhui home out,Have been in xian work for eight years.Rent house relocation,Buy a car to run the business,Between manners,They seemed a shanxi.however,A pair of secondary school children in anhui reading,This is the old yellow home for many years"heart".

　　对于孩子的教育，“我们也存在着两难”。如果带孩子来西安上学，没有陕西户籍不能在陕参加高考，在陕西上学回安徽高考，两省的教学和命题不同，孩子明显是要吃亏的；不得已把儿女留在安徽老家上学，老黄又觉得亏欠孩子太多了。

For the child's education,"We also exist dilemma".If the children go to school to xi 'an,No household can't shaanxi in shaanxi participate in college entrance examination,In shaanxi school back to anhui college entrance examination,The two provinces of teaching and different proposition,The child was obviously to suffer in the end;The children to stay at home to go to school in anhui province,Old yellow and feel owe children too much.

　　这个老黄家的两难选择，也是众多进城务工人员家庭的实际困境。2008年7月，国务院常务会议提出“切实解决好进城务工人员随迁子女就学问题”。从这一年起，“以流入地为主，公办学校为主”的解决方案，为随迁子女的就地上学开闸。

The old yellow's dilemma,Also many migrant workers family practical difficulties.In July 2008,The state council put forward the standing meeting"To solve the migrant workers SuiQian children's schooling problem".From this year,"Give priority to with defined the,Is business school is given priority to"solutions,For SuiQian children's local school breaking.

　　近年来，自2008年起在“流入地”接受教育的孩子，逐渐步入了参加高考的年龄段，孩子的升学已经“等不起”了。随着进城务工队伍的不断扩大，随迁子女完成义务教育人数的不断增多，他们的升学考试问题，特别是“异地高考”，困难正在突显出来。

In recent years,Since 2008 in"Defined the"Accept the education of children,Gradually into the age for attending the national college entrance examination,The child's studies have"Afford to wait"the.With the constant enlargement of the team of migrant workers,SuiQian children finish compulsory education number of growing,Their eleven-plus problem,especially"Different college entrance examination",Difficulties are highlighted.

　　十八大报告指出，“积极推动农民工子女平等接受教育”。在最近一次全国人口普查中显示，我国进城务工人员总量已达2.6亿，其中跨省市进城务工人员总量2.2亿。从国家恢复高考制度起，考生只能在户籍地参加高考，各大学在各省区市按名额录取。“户籍加学籍”的传统制度，显然牵绊着几亿人的切身利益。

Eighteen pointed out in the report,"Actively promote the children of peasant workers equal accept education".In a recent national population census shows,The total amount of rural migrant workers in our country has reached 260 million,The provinces and cities across rural migrant workers in total 220 million.From the national college entrance examination system on recovery,Candidates can only be registered for attending the national college entrance examination,Universities in the provincial quota according to admit."Census register and student status"Traditional system,Obviously stumble with hundreds of millions of people's vital interests.

　　“我们家在陕西奋斗了多年，也准备在陕西扎下根去，以前孩子的升学有顾虑，我也不敢买房置家业，有了这么实惠的政策，我还有什么可顾虑的呢！”为人父亲的黄德彪内心充满了阳光，“陕西细则什么时候出台，我就第一时间把一双儿女都接过来。”

"Our home in shaanxi struggle for years,Also prepare in shaanxi to root,Before the child enters scruples,I can't buy buy property,Have such benefits policy,What can I worry!"A father's HuangDeBiao filled with sunshine,"Shaanxi rules when to come,I was the first time a pair of children took it."

陕西“开闸”难度不亚于“北上广” shaanxi"breaking"Difficulty no less than"North wide"

　　10月31日，黑龙江省率先公布了异地高考方案，成为第一个明确“异地高考”具体门槛的省份，自2013年高考开始实施。11月30日，江西省实施细则发布，只要在江西一年以上学习经历并取得学籍者，自2014年起都可就地参加高考，成为已出台细则的省份中“条件最宽、门槛最低”的一个。

October 31,The heilongjiang province announced the different college entrance examination scheme,Be the first clear"Different college entrance examination"Specific threshold provinces,Since 2013, the college entrance examination began.On November 30,The detailed rules for the implementation of jiangxi province issued,As long as more than one year in jiangxi learning experience and obtain the student,Since 2014, can be in situ to participate in college entrance examination,As has already issued rules in the province"Condition the most wide/Minimum threshold"a.

　　然而，陕西省关于随迁子女“异地高考”的实施细则，目前仍在具体调研与制定阶段。截至目前，在全国部分“异地高考”需求最为强烈、争议最为激烈的区域，如北京、上海、广州等地的实施细则，也尚未正式向公众发布。

however,Shaanxi province SuiQian about children"Different college entrance examination"Detailed rules for the implementation of the,At present is still in the specific research and formulate stage.So far,In the part of the"Different college entrance examination"Needs most strongly/Dispute the most intense area,Such as Beijing/Shanghai/Guangzhou, the detailed rules for the implementation of land,Also has not been released to the public.

　　当高考报名之日来临，两种“针锋相对”的观点，两个不同群体的争议在升温。10月中旬，当非京籍学生家长代表，前往北京市教委就“异地高考”表达意见时，20余名反对“异地高考”的京籍人士也出现在此，双方产生言语争执。持不同观点的人们，还在网络上进行了激烈争论。

When the day comes up for the college entrance examination,two"Tit for tat"Point of view,Two different groups of dispute in heating.In the middle of October,When a Beijing students by parent,It went to the Beijing municipal education commission"Different college entrance examination"Express opinion,More than twenty name against"Different college entrance examination"The Beijing nationals also appears in this,Both sides have speech dispute.People hold different views,Also in the network on the controversy.

　　陕西省招办新闻发言人郝春怀说，从目前来看，公布实施细则的省份多为异地高考的“流出地”。

Shaanxi manages HaoChunHuai spokesman said,It seems,The detailed rules for the implementation of announced the provinces in the different college entrance examination"places".

　　多年来一直是“流入地”热点的陕西，有着复杂的区域教育环境，决定了制定细则的压力和难度之大，几乎不亚于“北上广”三地。如果今年开闸，陕西将增加近万名外省籍考生，这无疑对陕西本地考生形成一定的竞争和压力。

For many years has been"Defined the"Hot shaanxi,Has a complicated regional education environment,The making of decision rules of pressure and difficulty,Almost as great as"North wide"three.If this is breaking,Shaanxi will be increased by nearly candidates mainlanders,This undoubtedly in shaanxi province local candidates form certain competition and pressure.

　　连续多年，由于地处西部，经济、文化观念以及职业教育发展不足等问题，陕西每万人口中高考考生比例，远高于全国平均水平和其他省份，曾达到了每万人口中100人参加高考的比例，一度位居全国首位。相较之下，其录取率却在今年才刚高出全国平均水平，陕西还正在缓解这一不容乐观的教育难题。

For many years,Because it is in the west,economic/Cultural concepts and professional education development problems,Shaanxi per population proportion ZhongGaoKao candidates,Is much higher than the national average and other provinces,Has reached every ten thousand population 100 people participated in the proportion of the college entrance examination,Once in the national first place.In contrast,The rates are higher than the national average level just this year,Shaanxi is also alleviate the problem of education is not optimistic.

　　同时，2011年陕西全省有普通高等学校78所、成人高等学校19所，另有独立学院12所。由于优质高等教育资源在陕西相对集中，一本、二本高校资历老质量高，西部地区高考录取分数线又较中、东部许多省份略低，所以如北京、上海等城市一样，陕西也是“高考移民”重点选择的区域之一。反对开闸的本地考生家长，本着既得利益不能受损的立场，形成了一支规模强大的“异地高考”阻力军。当既得利益者与新的利益诉求方有所争执时，双方的沟通与谅解尤为重要，也有待于制度的全面完善。改革不仅需要勇气，还更需要平衡的智慧。

At the same time,In 2011, shaanxi province has ordinary higher school 78/Adult higher school 19,Otherwise independent college 12.Due to the high quality education resources in shaanxi higher relatively concentrated,a/2 the seniority, high quality,The western region and in the college entrance examination to admit fractional line is/Many provinces in eastern slightly low,So such as Beijing/Shanghai and other cities,Shaanxi is"College entrance examination immigrant"Choose one of the key areas.Against breaking local candidates parents,In line with vested interests can't damaged position,The formation of a scale powerful"Different college entrance examination"Resistance army.When the vested interest and new interest demand party has the dispute,The communication and understanding is particularly important,Need to be the perfect system of comprehensive.The reform not only need courage,Also need more balanced wisdom.

　　开闸不开闸，何时开闸，怎么开闸。陕西面临很多艰难的选择，那些为陕西发展作出贡献的进城务工家庭，的确有就地参加高考的紧迫需求。但是如果贸然放开“异地高考”，还势必会引来大批的“高考移民”，不可预测、不可控制的被动局面，不仅无法保证本地考生的权益，还将为城市的发展带来新难题。

Breaking not breaking,When breaking,How to breaking.Shaanxi are faced with many difficult choice,For those who contribute to the development of shaanxi province of migrant workers to the family,Have the urgent demand in situ participate in college entrance examination.But if rushed let go"Different college entrance examination",Also will lead a large number of"College entrance examination immigrant",unpredictable/Do not control the passive situation,Not only can't guarantee the rights and interests of the local candidates,For the development of the city will also bring new problems.

要放开也要封堵"恶意竞争" To let go is to block off"Malicious competition"

　　早在2002年底，陕西省曾针对“高考移民”作出规定，明确在陕户籍满三年的考生才能就地参加高考。即便如此，在2005年底陕西铜川爆出“高考移民”大案，查处500多名外地考生采用“虚假户口”等，冒充本地考生进入陕西高考大军。

As early as the end of 2002,In shaanxi province has"College entrance examination immigrant"stipulated,Clear in shaanxi census register full three years of candidates to participate in college entrance examination in situ.Even so,In the end of 2005 shaanxi tongchuan bursts"College entrance examination immigrant"major,More than 500 foreign students and use"False account"etc,Pretend to be local candidates into the army in shaanxi province college entrance examination.

　　鉴于新的“漏洞”出现，陕西省于当年出台“户籍学籍双三年”的规定。尽管上了“双保险”严格审查，但在2011年仍查出“高考移民”113人之多。采取何种办法为“异地高考”开闸，制定细则的考量范围进一步拉大。

In view of the new"holes"appear,Shaanxi province on the same"Census register status as a double three years"regulations.Despite the"Double insurance"scrutiny,But in 2011 still find out"College entrance examination immigrant"More than 113 people.What measures for"Different college entrance examination"breaking,Formulate rules of consideration further widening.

　　目前，在我国高考管理制度中，招生计划分省下达、各省、市、自治区分别评卷、分别划定不同的录取分数线等。有部分考生利用各地分数线和录取比例的不同，通过转学或迁移户口等办法，迁入有利于自身利益的地区应考，被称为“高考移民”。

At present,In China's college entrance examination management system,Province to recruit students to plan points issued/provinces/city/Autonomous region numbered respectively/According to the different respectively admit fractional line, etc.Some candidates use fractional line and all the different proportion of admission,Through the transfer or transfer to account,Beneficial to its own interests in the region take an examination,called"College entrance examination immigrant".

　　“政策不公平，有了漏洞就不要怪我钻它”，这句“高考移民”家长的直白心声，在网络上颇有共鸣、流传甚广。“高考移民”，这是中国高等教育中的特殊现象，严防“高考移民”，也是任何一个“流入地”区域的极大困扰。

"Policy unfair,A loophole, don't blame me drill it",This sentence"College entrance examination immigrant"Parents' straightforward voice,On the network quite a resonance/Spread widely."College entrance examination immigrant",This is China's higher education in the special phenomenon,Take strict precautions against"College entrance examination immigrant",Is any one"Defined the"Area with great.

　　在国家层面提及的主要原则是，因地制宜制定随迁子女升学考试具体政策，坚持有利于保障进城务工人员随迁子女公平受教育权利和升学机会，坚持有利于促进人口合理有序流动，统筹考虑进城务工人员随迁子女升学考试需求和人口流入地教育资源承载能力等现实可能，积极稳妥地推进工作。

At the national level the main principle is mentioned,Adjust measures to local conditions make SuiQian children eleven-plus specific policy,Insist to guarantee migrant workers SuiQian children by education rights and fair opportunity to study,To promote the rational and orderly flow of population,Overall consideration of rural migrant workers in SuiQian children eleven-plus demand and population defined the education resources bearing capacity of reality may,Actively and steadily push forward the work.

　　陕西省招办新闻发言人郝春怀进一步解释，对于外省籍长期在陕务工、为陕西经济社会发展作出贡献的人员子女，在一定条件下允许其在陕参加高考，既是“以人为本”的体现，也是陕西经济社会发展的需要。而针对怎么放开“异地高考”，实施细则还必须具有前瞻性，要放开也要封堵可能出现的“恶意竞争”。

Shaanxi spokesman HaoChunHuai manages to explain,For a long time in shaanxi mainlanders work/For shaanxi to economic and social development to contribute their personnel,Under certain conditions in shaanxi allows it to participate in college entrance examination,is"people-oriented"reflect,Shaanxi province is also the needs of the development of economy and society.And how to let go"Different college entrance examination",The detailed rules for the implementation must also has foresight,To let go is to block off possible"Malicious competition".

　　有一个特殊的现象值得深入分析。目前，部分热点“流入地”已经衍生出一些“地下产业链”，高考前买房子、办双籍，高考后上大学、卖房子，形成了一支发“漏洞财”的生力军。有专家提出异议，那些严苛的限制条款，在封堵有条件的家庭上作用有限，反倒堵住了那些进城务工家庭，让合理的诉求得不到照顾。

There is a special phenomenon worth in-depth analysis.At present,Part of hot"Defined the"Some have been derived"Underground industry chain",Before the university to buy a house/Do double record,After the college entrance examination in college/Sell a house,The formation of a hair"Loophole wealth"The main force of the.Experts to raise an objection,The severe restrictions,In plugging conditional family limited role,But blocked those migrant workers to a family,Make reasonable appeal not to take care of.

　　教育、公平、正义，都是人类永恒的追求。我们身处人才流动日渐频繁的发展时代，尽管采取“打破招生计划、采取统考统招”，这类“快刀斩乱麻”的办法尚不现实。但是，进城务工人员子女就地高考、平衡省际录取率、扩大高校自主招生等新的问题和探索，必将促使已存在数十年之久的中国高考制度，在改革中走向更加公平、更加灵活、更加多样。

education/fair/justice,Is the eternal pursuit of the human.We are in the flow of talent increasingly frequent development era,Although take"Break to recruit students to plan/Take an examination TongZhao",This kind of"Cut the Gordian knot"Way is not reality.but,Migrant workers children in situ college entrance examination/Acceptance rates at the top colleges were provincial balance/Expand the autonomous enrolment and new problems and explore,Will make already exists tens of years of Chinese college entrance examination system,In the process of reform to more fair/More agile/More variety.

　　陕西何时放开“异地高考”，人们期待着。 (记者 梁潇 李龙飞）

Shaanxi when let go"Different college entrance examination",People are looking forward to. (Reporter LiangXiao LiLongFei)